Mohd Erwan Sanik

The challenging task of data collection in the realm of traffic research has posed significant obstacles, primarily attributable to time constraints and the limited availability of human resources. The quantity of samples and data acquired, as exemplified by the number of research locations in this particular case, was customarily in proportion with the accuracy and precision of a result. The current study was conducted with the aim of examining the reliability of 15-minute drone footage data, in contrast to the conventional 1-hour data collection method for traffic analysis. The study encompassed a selection of 12 signalised intersections situated in Jalan Bakri, Jalan Sulaiman/Temenggung Ahmad, Jalan Abdul Rahman, and Jalan Sungai Abong; they are located within the jurisdiction of the Muar Municipal Council in Johor. The data collection process involved a meticulous and labour-intensive endeavour spanning a duration of 13 hours, in which diligent observers manually conducted a comprehensive commuter counting exercise to ascertain the time of highest traffic volume on specific roadways. The time series data analysis identified that the peak hour occurred from 5:30 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. The benchmark value for the peak hour factor was 0.95, which the Highway Capacity Manual recommended for congested roadways. A comparison was made between the estimated flow rate derived from the 15-minute drone footage and the actual flow rate during peak hours employing the t-test. The P-value of 0.576 exceeded the significant level of 0.05, with a 95% confidence level. Therefore, the difference in means was not statistically significant. In conclusion, evidence substantiated the assertion that there was no significant difference between the results from the 1-hour data collection and the peak 15-minute drone footage.

All emergency vehicles are designed and certified to better respond to emergencies. Also, emergency vehicles have the legal right to violate the highway code to get to a certain area as quickly as possible. The victim's existence is helpless in the event of a stroke of fate or an emergency. Because of the visitors, emergency vehicles also have to give way to get to the scene. This change can also further increase the victim's chance of death. Therefore, to solve the problem, it is crucial to plan and limit travel time so that emergency vehicles use their maximum capacity. Preventive service can be a means for emergency vehicles to reach their intended vacation spot in a much shorter time. So, there is a call to address this emergency vehicle action. This look at strategies is an intelligent detection utility to deal with alarming traffic jams. This mission aims to simulate the intelligent detection of emergency vehicles through simulation software. The purpose of e-Buzz: Simulation of Smart Sensing for Emergency Vehicles is to assist the government that may be responsible for responding to emergencies, including ambulance, police, fire, and many others. The main element to ensure that this simulation works is based on the type of sensor used and its usefulness and responsibility. The sensor can detect the sound of emergency vehicles and respond immediately to them by signalling smaller parallel visitors to change the screen from pink to green or vice versa. Therefore, this flow reduces the travel time required for emergencies.

Soft clay often causes difficulty in construction operations with regards to strength and low hardness properties. Therefore, the need for soil stabilization is crucial in construction to ensure the stability of the soil strength and stiffness for each building to be built. This research was carried out to study the stabilization of clay in Batu Pahat using additional materials namely sodium silicate liquid and biomass silica powder. Soft clay samples were collected from the Research Centre for Soft Soils of Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia. The result shows that the liquid limit of the soil decreases while plastic limit increases with the addition of sodium silicate and biomass silica. As a result, the plasticity index reduces with the increment of both stabilizer's content. The strength increases at as early as 3 days after stabilization and constantly increases from 7 to 28 days curing period. The results of the unconfined compression strength test showed that the optimum amount of this stabilization process for the soil sample was three and nine percents of sodium silicate and biomass silica stabilizers, respectively. Additionally, the voids were filled with a stabilizing substance during the SEM testing. Cementation product was detected via the SEM test as a result of the stabilizer given to treated samples. The EDAX test established that the appearance of the Calcium element in the treated sample is a result of the stabilizer's chemical composition. This study demonstrates how biomass Silica significantly affected the increase in soil strength by creating cementation in the soft clay structure. Furthermore, sodium silicate plays a role in increasing soil strength, largely by acting as a binder between soil particles.

Transverse rumble strip is a traffic calming device which usually installed at the vicinity of schools and accident prone spots. The Malaysia Public Work Department has introduced the latest high performance thermoplastic rumble strips as an intervention along blackspot stretches in Malaysia. This study was carried out to investigate the effectiveness of the new rumble strips installed at SMK Sri Lalang in Kluang, Johor, with respect to the operational speed variation immediately upstream and downstream of the rumble strips area. Operational speed data acquisition was carried out by using the unmanned aerial vehicle or drone and image processing technique. Drone can be used as an alternative to other image recording devices such as telescopic mast. The presence of a drone is often unnoticed by drivers thus giving the advantage of obtaining naturalistic data. The footages from drone were analysed using the image processing technique to ensure every vehicles were taken into account, compare to handheld device such as speed laser gun that can only detect speed of selected vehicles. The operational speeds were analyzed to obtain parameters namely pace, median, and 85th percentiles speed. The results proved that the new rumble strips succeed to reduce speed of vehicles from 7 to 13 kilometer per hour, which are 7 to 18 percent from the initial speed, respectively.

MATEC Web of Conferences, open access proceedings in Materials science, Engineering and Chemistry

Nowadays, the amount of premix waste was increased every year, especially at the batching plants. Normally, the waste materials will be discarded without doing any innovative and effective research about those materials. This situation has become one of the global concerns due to the increasing number of premix waste produced every year. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of hot mix asphalt (HMA) using premix waste on improving asphalt mixture fatigue behaviour. The method used in this study was Superpave mix design method. The sample conducted in this study were 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 100% of premix waste respectively. For a binder test, the laboratory test conducted were penetration test, softening test and thin film oven test while for the performance test were resilient modulus test and indirect tensile fatigue test. From the laboratory test, the resilient modulus test was conducted with two different temperature which was 25°C and 40°C. The result from that test was 20% of premix waste had higher resilient modulus at that two different temperatures compared to another samples. From that test also shown that the sample at the lower temperature which was 25°C has higher resilient modulus compared to the temperature of 40°C. Indirect tensile fatigue test showed that the 30% of premix waste sample was suitable for the modified asphalt mixture with referring to the maximum deformation and strain for comparison control, 10%,20%, and 100% of premix waste samples. So, it can be concluded that premix waste inhibits great potential as road construction material and suitable for repeated traffic loading.