Yuanyuan Wang

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) exerts profound and lasting impacts on both maternal and offspring health, and the prevalence of GDM has been increasin

This retrospective cohort study of 8,446 term pregnancies investigated the associations between maternal glycolipid metabolism and fetal growth. Neonates were classified as SGA, LGA, or AGA. Maternal triglycerides (TG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and the Triglyceride–Glucose (TyG) index were examined in relation to birth weight and SGA/LGA risks across trimesters using linear regression and generalized linear models. Group-based trajectory modeling was applied to the TyG index to identify metabolic patterns, and restricted cubic spline analyses assessed nonlinear associations between the third-trimester TyG and abnormal fetal growth. Higher maternal TG, FPG, and the TyG index were associated with increased birth weight and elevated LGA risk, with effects stronger in the GDM group than in the non-GDM group. Elevated TyG levels were consistently linked to reduced SGA risk and progressively higher LGA risk across trimesters, with LGA odds ratios of 1.32, 1.66, and 2.55 for the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively. Restricted cubic spline analyses revealed a J-shaped relationship between the third-trimester TyG and abnormal fetal growth. These findings indicate that maternal glycolipid metabolism influences fetal growth, with the TyG index serving as an integrated marker of maternal triglyceride-glucose status.

By conducting TORCH screening and risk assessment analysis on childbearing-age women in different regions of China, the aim is to provide reference for reducing adverse pregnancy outcomes and improving the health status of childbearing-age women. Between February and May 2021, in the eastern, central, and western regions of China (Beijing, Henan, Gansu), a total of 1,942 couples aged 18 to 49, from both urban and rural areas, were included in this cross-sectional study. TORCH screening was conducted on all these women of childbearing-age, and risk assessment was performed based on the examination results. In this study, toxoplasmosis, rubella, CMV, HSV, IgM positive rate were 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.3%, 0.3%, respectively, and CT, TP, HBsAg, HCV, HIV, positive rate were 0.1%, 0.2%, 2.1%, 0.3%, 0.0%, respectively. The total TORCH screening identified 63.4% of women as having potential risks, compared to 15.5% of routine ToRCH screening. The distribution of the risk population shows significant differences among provinces, ethnicities, education levels, and age groups (p ≤ 0.001). Trend chi-square tests revealed that as the level of education increased, the proportion of the risk population decreased. The TORCH screening utilized in this study demonstrates advantages over ToRCH, as it can identify more women of childbearing age with potential risks before pregnancy, allowing for early interventions. Simultaneously, these findings underscore the necessity for targeted health education, especially for young women in economically underdeveloped areas and those with relatively lower education levels.