Mulyadi Tanjung

1. The genus Mesua belongs to the Calophyllaceae family. It is generally an endemic plant in Southeast Asia, comprising around 48 species. Phytoconstituent investigations of Mesua have reported a r...

Melicope quercifolia, a plant from the Rutaceae family, is known for its medicinal properties, especially in traditional herbal medicine. Flavonoids, bioactive compounds widely found in plants, are recognized for their antioxidant and cytotoxic effects, making them promising candidates for cancer therapy and combating oxidative stress. Two flavonols, pachypodol (1) and ternatin (2), were isolated from the stem bark of M, quercifolia. Compounds 1-2 were isolated and purified with column and planar radial chromatography. The structures of 1-2 were determined based on HRESI-MS data, UV, 1D, and 2D NMR spectra. Compound 1 showed high activity against HeLa cells (IC50 values 0.65 µg/mL), moderate against P-388 cells (IC50 values 2.45 μg/mL), and weak activity against (DPPH radical (IC50 values 254 μg/mL.

Two xanthones, gerontoxanthone I and macluraxanthone, were isolated from the stem bark of Cratoxylum sumatranum. Their structures were determined based on UV, HRESI-MS, 1D, and 2D NMR spectral data. Compounds 1 and 2 showed high activity against T47D cells with an IC50 of 1.10 and 1.60 μg/mL.

A new oligostilbene trimer, malaysianol F (1), together with ten known stilbenes (2–11), were successfully separated and purified from the acetone extract of the lianas of Gnetum microcarpum. Malaysianol D (2) was isolated for the first time in Gnetum plants. The tanninless crude extract (52.5 g) was fractionated using a vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) technique to give five major fractions. Fraction 2 (4.68 g), 3 (4.79 g) and 4 (9.29 g) were all subjected to further isolation and purification using VLC, column chromatography (CC) and repetitive radial chromatography (RC) techniques with the best solvent system to yield malaysianol F (1) (6.2 mg), malaysianol D (2) (62.5 mg), malaysianol E (3) (2.4 mg), ε-viniferin (4) (10 mg), resveratrol (5) (6.5 mg), gnetol (6) (3.5 mg), gnetucleistol C (7) (12.2 mg), isorhapontigenin (8) (8 mg), cuspidan B (9) (3.2 mg), parvifolol D (10) (4.8 mg) and gnetifolin M (11) (2.5 mg). Their structures were determined on the basis of the analysis of spectral evidence by extensive NMR data analyses and comparison with the related published data. Several compounds were tested for anti-inflammatory activity. Their inhibitory effect on Prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) was tested using radioimmunoassay techniques. Compound 6 exhibited significant concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on PGE₂ production with IC₅₀ values of 1.84 µM comparable with the positive control, indomethacin (IC₅₀ 1.29 µM).

Dua senyawa turunan pterokarpan, variabilin (1), and medikarpin (2) telah diisolasi dari kulit batang Spatholobus ferrugineus. Penentuan struktur kedua senyawa pterokarpan ditetapkan berdasarkan analisis spektrum UV, IR, 1D dan 2D NMR. Uji aktivitas antikanker senyawa 1–2 terhadap sel kanker payudara MCF-7 memperlihatkan nilai IC₅₀ 2,73 dan 14,36 µg/ml. Kata kunci : Spatholobus ferrugineus, pterokarpan, antikanker, sel MCF-7.

Willughbeia coricea Wall is a herbal medicine to treat diarrhea in Dayak People, Kalimantan, Indonesia. This study aims to determine the structure of the lignans and their anticancer activity against cervical cancer cells (HeLa). Two lignan derivatives, (+)-pinoresinol (1) and alyterinate A (2), were isolated from the roots of the W. coricea Wall. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined based on UV, IR, HRESIMS, 1D (1H and 13C), and 2D NMR (HMQC and HMBC) spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1-2 showed moderate activity against HeLa cells with an IC50 value of 10.1 and 12.5 μM, respectively.

Two flavonols, macagigantin (1) and brussoflavonol E (2), and two diterpenoids, deheiculatin C (3) and poilaneic acid (4), were obtained from Macaranga involucrata (Roxb.) Baill. leaves. Their structures were fully detailed on high-resolution electrospray mass spectra, 1D NMR (1H, 13C), and 2D NMR (heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence, heteronuclear multiple bond coherence) spectra. The cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of compounds 1–4 were evaluated in murine leukaemia cancer cells (P-388) and DPPH radical assays, respectively. Compounds 1–3 showed moderate activity against P-388 cells with IC50 values of 26.3, 12.8, and 21.2 μM, respectively. Compounds 1–2 showed high activity against DPPH radical with IC50 values of 332.1 and 125.6 μM, respectively.

Three chromanone acids were isolated from the stem bark of Calophyllum peekelii Lauterb. Among them are two new chromanone acids, calopeekelioic acids A (1) and B (2), along with calolongic acid (3), Their structures were established by analyzing a combination of HRESIMS, 1 D, and 2 D NMR spectra. Chromanone acids 1-3 were evaluated for their antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7. Compounds 1-2 showed high activity with an IC₅₀ value of 1.70 and 1.01 µg/mL, respectively. Graphical Abstract

Three previously unreported quinolinone alkaloids: melicodenines J-L (1-3) and six known compounds (4-9), were isolated from the leaves of Melicope denhamii (Seem) T.G. Hartley. The structures of three quinolinone alkaloids were identified based on HRESIMS and NMR spectra. Compounds 1-9 were assayed in three cancer cells (MCF-7, HeLa, and P-388). Compounds 1 and 5 showed high cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells with IC₅₀ values of 1.8 and 0.8 µM, respectively. Graphical Abstract

Two furoquinoline alkaloids, leptanoine C (1) and haplopine-3,3´-dimethylallyl ether (2) were isolated from the leaves of Melicope moluccana. The chemical structure of both compounds was determined based on spectroscopic data, including UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D, and 2D NMR spectral data. The antimalarial activity of compounds 1-2 against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 showing their IC50 values are 0.18 ppm and 2.28 µg/mL, respectively.