Anna Golijanek-Jędrzejczyk

The article determined the value of the flow coefficient C for two types of orifices with the same ratio of orifice diameter to pipe diameter of 50 mm based on the results of experiments and numerical simulations. Equations were also proposed to determine the value of this coefficient in an engineering manner (with an accuracy not exceeding 1.5%) in the range of Reynolds numbers from 10,000 to 20,000.

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań numerycznych i eksperymentalnych pięciu kryz z wlotem stożkowym o współczynniku przewężenia  równym 0,24, o grubości od 2,5 mm do 31 mm (każda ścięta skośnie pod kątem 45°) umieszczonych w wodnej instalacji hydraulicznej przy przepływach laminarnych i turbulentnych. Uzyskane rezultaty potwierdziły, że wraz ze wzrostem grubości (w badanym zakresie liczb Reynoldsa od 1690 do 14430) tego typu kryzy wartość współczynnika C dąży do wartości 0,9.

The paper presents the results of an experimental study of a cylindrical orifice with the orifice diameter ratioβ = 0.5 and the flow opening length-to-diameter ratioL/d = 1, with hydraulic oil flowing in the DN50 measuring channel. The measurements of the values characterising the oil flow were made in the laminar flow regime, for the Reynolds numbers ranging betweenRe = 100 to 950. Based on the experimental tests, standard flow characteristics were created for four kinematic viscosity values in the range of 13.4–33.3 cSt, for which the average value of the discharge coefficientCin the tested flow rate range ofq_v < 0.5 dm³/s was determined.

The article 'Determining When Schrödinger's Cats Die' is very intriguing and is related to the metrological approach of describing the result of an experiment. The metrological definitions used are ‘precision’, ‘accuracy’ and ‘calibration’. To f...

This paper concerns the application of the gamma radiation absorption method in the measurements of dispersed phase velocity in two-phase flows: liquid–gas flow in a horizontal pipeline and liquid–solid particles in a vertical pipe. Radiometric sets containing two linear ²⁴¹Am gamma radiation sources and two NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors were used in the research. Due to the stochastic nature of the signals obtained from the scintillation probes, statistical methods were used for their analysis. The linear average velocity of the dispersed phase transportation was calculated using the phase of the cross-spectral density function of the signals registered by the scintillation detectors. It is shown that in the presented cases, the phase method can be more accurate than the most commonly used classical cross-correlation one.

This article presents the application of the radioisotope absorption method in the study of two-phase water–air flow in a horizontal pipe. The measurement principle and the test stand are briefly described. The main part of the article presents the signal analysis methods applied to data obtained from scintillation detectors. Because these signals are mostly stochastic waveforms, they were analyzed statistically using the cross-correlation function (CCF), and methods that are a combination of CCF and differential methods: CCF/ASDF and CCF/AMDF, where ASDF is the average square difference function, and AMDF is the average magnitude difference function. Examples of the results of gas phase velocity measurement for four types of flow are presented. It was found that the CCF/ASDF and CCF/AMDF methods allow more accurate results of measurements of the dispersed phase to be obtained than the CCF method.

The article presents the basic types of air flow meters used in internal combustion engines of cars: with a damming flap, HLM, HFM, Vortex and MAP. The results of testing these flow meters on a specially prepared measuring stand are presented. The possibility of replacing them has been analyzed and this possibility has been verified in practice.

The article presents the influence of the camera and its optical system on the uncertainty of object position measurement in vision systems. The aim of the article is to present the methodology for estimating the combined standard uncertainty of measuring the object position with a vision camera treated as a measuring device. The identification of factors affecting the location measurement uncertainty and the determination of their share in the combined standard uncertainty will allow determining the parameters of the camera operation, so that the expanded uncertainty is as small as possible in the given measurement conditions. The analysis of the uncertainty estimation presented in the article was performed with the assumption that there is no influence of any external factors (e.g., temperature, humidity, or vibrations).