Liniker Fernandes da Silva
Current Organizations / Institutes
The organizations/institutes from the scholar's latest article
Previous Organizations / Institutes
The organizations / institutes from the scholar's other articles in the past ten years
Research Subjects
Liniker Fernandes da Silva has a total of 38 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:
- Helio Garcia Leite
Department of Forest Engineering, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
3 shared publications - Márcio Lopes da Silva
Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)
3 shared publications - Bruno Leão Said Schettini
Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
2 shared publications - Carlos Moreira Miquelino Eleto Torres
Forestry Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
2 shared publications - Laércio Antônio Gonçalves Jacovine
Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)
2 shared publications - Leonardo Pequeno Reis
Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Brasil; Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Brasil
2 shared publications
Latest Publications
- Open Access
Forwarder Machine Performance in Eucalyptus Forests in Brazil with Different Productivity Levels: An Analysis of Production Costs
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the mean individual volume per tree (MIV) on the productivity of forwarder machines and the production cost in eucalyptus plantations located in southern Bahia, Brazil. MIV positively influenced the productivity and production costs, promoting a more attractive cost in the latter when the individual volume per tree increased. The machine’s productivity for MIV of 0.13 m3 was 42.06 cubic meters per effective working hour (m3Ewh−1), while the productivity for the MIV of 0.58 m3 reached 60.97 m3Ewh−1, corresponding to an increase of 42.59% between the minimum and maximum MIV classes. The extracted cost (m3) decreased by 30.12% from USD 2.49 to 1.74, respectively, when comparing the minimum and maximum MIV classes. The coefficient of determination obtained in the forwarder productivity modeling was significant (R2 = 92%), indicating the machine’s productivity can be explained by the mean individual volume per tree. The highest forwarder yields in the highest average volume per tree (MIV) classes provided better energy efficiency indices for the machine; that is to say, when the forwarder became more productive, the ratio between fuel consumption per cubic meter of timber harvested decreased, providing better performance for the respective index. There was a difference in extraction costs of USD 147.83 per hectare between the lowest and highest productivity forests (MIV varying from 0.15 to 0.58). The mechanical availability and mean operational efficiency of all forwarders evaluated were above 80%, which contributed to effective machine productivity performance. Maintenance and repairs represented the largest portion of operational costs (33.59%), followed by labor (22.49%), depreciation (14.33%), and fuel (10.11%).
Open AccessForwarder Machine Performance in Eucalyptus Forests in Brazil with Different Productivity Levels: An Analysis of Production Costs
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the mean individual volume per tree (MIV) on the productivity of forwarder machines and the production cost in eucalyptus plantations located in southern Bahia, Brazil. MIV positively influenced the productivity and production costs, promoting a more attractive cost in the latter when the individual volume per tree increased. The machine’s productivity for MIV of 0.13 m3 was 42.06 cubic meters per effective working hour (m3Ewh−1), while the productivity for the MIV of 0.58 m3 reached 60.97 m3Ewh−1, corresponding to an increase of 42.59% between the minimum and maximum MIV classes. The extracted cost (m3) decreased by 30.12% from USD 2.49 to 1.74, respectively, when comparing the minimum and maximum MIV classes. The coefficient of determination obtained in the forwarder productivity modeling was significant (R2 = 92%), indicating the machine’s productivity can be explained by the mean individual volume per tree. The highest forwarder yields in the highest average volume per tree (MIV) classes provided better energy efficiency indices for the machine; that is to say, when the forwarder became more productive, the ratio between fuel consumption per cubic meter of timber harvested decreased, providing better performance for the respective index. There was a difference in extraction costs of USD 147.83 per hectare between the lowest and highest productivity forests (MIV varying from 0.15 to 0.58). The mechanical availability and mean operational efficiency of all forwarders evaluated were above 80%, which contributed to effective machine productivity performance. Maintenance and repairs represented the largest portion of operational costs (33.59%), followed by labor (22.49%), depreciation (14.33%), and fuel (10.11%).
- Open Access
- 24 January 2025
- Published by Universidade Federal do Parana in FLORESTA
- Vol. 55 (1) , e89586
ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY AND MONTE CARLO SIMULATION IN A NURSERY FOR NATIVE FOREST SPECIES SEEDLING PRODUCTION IN THE SOUTHWEST REGION OF BAHIA, BRAZIL
Forest seedling nurseries are regarded as projects that require high initial investment, therefore, it is necessary to assess the economic viability and the risks that may influence results. This study aimed to analyze the viability of implementing a forest nursery of native species seedlings in Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil, aiming at meeting regional demand. The study was carried out by simulating an implementation project of a native seedling nursery, with productive capacity of 415,904 seedlings per year. A planning horizon of 10 years and an interest rate of 8% per year was used to analyze the economic feasibility of the cash flow of the enterprise. The following economic viability indicators were calculated with Microsoft Excel®: Net Present Value (NPV); Internal Rate of Return (IRT); Benefit Cost Ratio (B/CR); Equivalent Periodic Value (EPV); and Average Production Costs (APC). Excel® was also used to perform a Monte Carlo simulation for risk assessment, which consisted of running 10,000 iterations. Input variables were the success rate of seedling production, seedling selling price and workforce cost. NPV was the output variable. The results indicated the viability of all economic indicators calculated. Monte Carlo simulation indicated a profitable probability of 82.46%. Economic evaluation and risk assessment pointed to the viability of establishing a nursery of native forest species seedlings in southwest Bahia.
- 24 January 2025
- Published by Universidade Federal do Parana in FLORESTA
- Vol. 55 (1) , e89586
Open AccessECONOMIC FEASIBILITY AND MONTE CARLO SIMULATION IN A NURSERY FOR NATIVE FOREST SPECIES SEEDLING PRODUCTION IN THE SOUTHWEST REGION OF BAHIA, BRAZIL
Forest seedling nurseries are regarded as projects that require high initial investment, therefore, it is necessary to assess the economic viability and the risks that may influence results. This study aimed to analyze the viability of implementing a forest nursery of native species seedlings in Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil, aiming at meeting regional demand. The study was carried out by simulating an implementation project of a native seedling nursery, with productive capacity of 415,904 seedlings per year. A planning horizon of 10 years and an interest rate of 8% per year was used to analyze the economic feasibility of the cash flow of the enterprise. The following economic viability indicators were calculated with Microsoft Excel®: Net Present Value (NPV); Internal Rate of Return (IRT); Benefit Cost Ratio (B/CR); Equivalent Periodic Value (EPV); and Average Production Costs (APC). Excel® was also used to perform a Monte Carlo simulation for risk assessment, which consisted of running 10,000 iterations. Input variables were the success rate of seedling production, seedling selling price and workforce cost. NPV was the output variable. The results indicated the viability of all economic indicators calculated. Monte Carlo simulation indicated a profitable probability of 82.46%. Economic evaluation and risk assessment pointed to the viability of establishing a nursery of native forest species seedlings in southwest Bahia.
- Open Access
- 28 June 2019
- Published by Revista Brasileira de Biometria in Brazilian Journal of Biometrics
- Vol. 37 (2) , 191-204
REDES NEURAIS ARTIFICIAIS NA ESTIMAÇÃO DE VOLUME DE MOGNO AFRICANO (Khaya ivorensis)
African mahogany has noble wood of high economic potential and extensive use in the furniture industry, civil construction and production of panels and laminates presenting good workability. In order to estimate the volume of individual trees in an African mahogany (Khaya invorensis) stand in the municipality of Pirapora, Minas Gerais, Brazil, the objective of this study was to evaluate the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Throughout the NeuroForest 4.0 software, 2400 networks were trained, with 60% separation of data for training and 40% for validation, with two different configurations of input signals, the first one using total height (HT) and the diameter at 1.3 m height (DAP); and the second using diameters at four different tree heights. The (ANNs) trained with (HT) and (DAP) obtained the best square root mean squared error (RMSE) statistical results, correlation between estimated and expected values and residual distribution. Thus, the use of Artificial Neural Networks in the estimation of volume with bark of (Khaya ivorensis) is efficient.
- 28 June 2019
- Published by Revista Brasileira de Biometria in Brazilian Journal of Biometrics
- Vol. 37 (2) , 191-204
Open AccessREDES NEURAIS ARTIFICIAIS NA ESTIMAÇÃO DE VOLUME DE MOGNO AFRICANO (Khaya ivorensis)
African mahogany has noble wood of high economic potential and extensive use in the furniture industry, civil construction and production of panels and laminates presenting good workability. In order to estimate the volume of individual trees in an African mahogany (Khaya invorensis) stand in the municipality of Pirapora, Minas Gerais, Brazil, the objective of this study was to evaluate the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Throughout the NeuroForest 4.0 software, 2400 networks were trained, with 60% separation of data for training and 40% for validation, with two different configurations of input signals, the first one using total height (HT) and the diameter at 1.3 m height (DAP); and the second using diameters at four different tree heights. The (ANNs) trained with (HT) and (DAP) obtained the best square root mean squared error (RMSE) statistical results, correlation between estimated and expected values and residual distribution. Thus, the use of Artificial Neural Networks in the estimation of volume with bark of (Khaya ivorensis) is efficient.
- 1 December 2018
- Published by Elsevier in Science of The Total Environment
- Vol. 645, 655-661
Artificial neural networks: Modeling tree survival and mortality in the Atlantic Forest biome in Brazil
- 1 December 2018
- Published by Elsevier in Science of The Total Environment
- Vol. 645, 655-661
Artificial neural networks: Modeling tree survival and mortality in the Atlantic Forest biome in Brazil
- Open Access
- 18 October 2018
- Published by FapUNIFESP (SciELO) in Revista Árvore
- Vol. 42 (2)
PROGNOSIS OF THE DIAMETER DISTRIBUTION AND CARBON STOCK IN A SECONDARY ATLANTIC FOREST BY MARKOV CHAIN
Growth and yield modeling at the diameter distribution level is an important tool to understand forest dynamics and to predict whether a forest will act as a CO2 emissions source or sink. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the diameter distribution and carbon stock of a forest fragment using the Markov chain to evaluate the impact of growth dynamics on forest carbon capture. Twenty plots of 10x50m were inventoried, between 2010 and 2015, counting the stems with dbh > 5 cm. Diameter distribution was projected for 2015 and 2020, considering the whole fragment and the ecological groups (pioneer and non-pioneer tree species). The volume was determined using allometric equation while biomass and carbon was determined by multiplying the volume by the basic wood density and the carbon content, respectively. The diameter distribution estimated for the fragment and ecological groups did not differ statistically from the values observed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (p-value < 0.05). The number of stems ha-1 estimated in the fragment was from 1,692 in 2015 to 1,841 in 2020. For the pioneer and non-pioneer species, the number of stems ha-1 was from 476 and 1,203 in 2015 to 472 and 1,362 in 2020, respectively. The carbon stock increased 5.69 MgC ha-1, with the greater contribution coming from the non-pioneer species. Therefore, it was concluded that the diameter distribution would remain “J-inverted” and the forest fragment would continue to act as a carbon sink over the coming years.
- 18 October 2018
- Published by FapUNIFESP (SciELO) in Revista Árvore
- Vol. 42 (2)
Open AccessPROGNOSIS OF THE DIAMETER DISTRIBUTION AND CARBON STOCK IN A SECONDARY ATLANTIC FOREST BY MARKOV CHAIN
Growth and yield modeling at the diameter distribution level is an important tool to understand forest dynamics and to predict whether a forest will act as a CO2 emissions source or sink. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the diameter distribution and carbon stock of a forest fragment using the Markov chain to evaluate the impact of growth dynamics on forest carbon capture. Twenty plots of 10x50m were inventoried, between 2010 and 2015, counting the stems with dbh > 5 cm. Diameter distribution was projected for 2015 and 2020, considering the whole fragment and the ecological groups (pioneer and non-pioneer tree species). The volume was determined using allometric equation while biomass and carbon was determined by multiplying the volume by the basic wood density and the carbon content, respectively. The diameter distribution estimated for the fragment and ecological groups did not differ statistically from the values observed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (p-value < 0.05). The number of stems ha-1 estimated in the fragment was from 1,692 in 2015 to 1,841 in 2020. For the pioneer and non-pioneer species, the number of stems ha-1 was from 476 and 1,203 in 2015 to 472 and 1,362 in 2020, respectively. The carbon stock increased 5.69 MgC ha-1, with the greater contribution coming from the non-pioneer species. Therefore, it was concluded that the diameter distribution would remain “J-inverted” and the forest fragment would continue to act as a carbon sink over the coming years.
- Open Access
- 28 September 2017
- Published by FapUNIFESP (SciELO) in Floresta e Ambiente
- Vol. 24
Correlação das Variáveis Socioeconômicas e Ambientais com royalties Petrolíferos e CFEM Municipais
O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a correlação entre variáveis ambientais, econômicas e sociais e os royalties arrecadados nos principais municípios produtores de petróleo e minério. Os dados discriminados por cidade, entre os anos de 2004 e 2010, foram a receita total das prefeituras, os investimentos em saneamento e gestão ambiental, o número de habitantes por município e o Índice FIRJAM de desenvolvimento municipal. Para verificar o relacionamento entre as variáveis utilizou-se a Análise de Componentes Principais. Os resultados mostraram que a maior arrecadação dos royalties, sejam do petróleo ou mineração, não tem como consequência direta maior desenvolvimento social ou ambiental. O que pode justificar tais resultados é a ausência de um dispositivo jurídico que condicione a aplicação dos recursos arrecadados às áreas em questão. Dessa forma, conclui-se que os possíveis impactos ambientais e sociais da exploração desses recursos não renováveis não estão sendo recompensados pelos royalties.
- 28 September 2017
- Published by FapUNIFESP (SciELO) in Floresta e Ambiente
- Vol. 24
Open AccessCorrelação das Variáveis Socioeconômicas e Ambientais com royalties Petrolíferos e CFEM Municipais
O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a correlação entre variáveis ambientais, econômicas e sociais e os royalties arrecadados nos principais municípios produtores de petróleo e minério. Os dados discriminados por cidade, entre os anos de 2004 e 2010, foram a receita total das prefeituras, os investimentos em saneamento e gestão ambiental, o número de habitantes por município e o Índice FIRJAM de desenvolvimento municipal. Para verificar o relacionamento entre as variáveis utilizou-se a Análise de Componentes Principais. Os resultados mostraram que a maior arrecadação dos royalties, sejam do petróleo ou mineração, não tem como consequência direta maior desenvolvimento social ou ambiental. O que pode justificar tais resultados é a ausência de um dispositivo jurídico que condicione a aplicação dos recursos arrecadados às áreas em questão. Dessa forma, conclui-se que os possíveis impactos ambientais e sociais da exploração desses recursos não renováveis não estão sendo recompensados pelos royalties.
- Open Access
- 5 January 2017
- Published by Universidade Federal de Roraima in Revista Agro@mbiente On-line
- Vol. 10 (4) , 371-380
Influência de diferentes funções objetivo em modelos de regulação florestal
A programação linear é considerada uma das ferramentas básicas da pesquisa operacional, sendo baseada em uma função linear de variáveis, chamada de função objetivo. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho demonstrar a influência de diferentes funções objetivo e suas implicações nos modelos de regulação florestal e suas soluções. Para isso, foi utilizado o Modelo I de programação linear em um estudo de caso, no qual foram empregados dados de 10 florestas com estruturas inicias de povoamentos comumente encontrados no setor florestal. A sua solução foi obtida empregando o software RPF (Regulação da Produção Florestal), que foi utilizado também para simular diferentes cenários de manejo e planejamento. Utilizaram-se as seguintes funções objetivo: maximização da produção, maximização do valor presente líquido (VPL), minimização dos custos e minimização do custo médio de produção (CMP). Todos os métodos se mostraram viáveis e conseguiram regular as florestas. Os métodos de minimização foram mais eficientes na redução dos custos, tendo como consequência tanto a redução da área de corte anual e da produção anual quanto o aumento da idade de corte e da produtividade. Os métodos de maximização foram os mais dispendiosos, com maior produção e maior área de corte anual, menor idade de corte e menor produtividade.
- 5 January 2017
- Published by Universidade Federal de Roraima in Revista Agro@mbiente On-line
- Vol. 10 (4) , 371-380
Open AccessInfluência de diferentes funções objetivo em modelos de regulação florestal
A programação linear é considerada uma das ferramentas básicas da pesquisa operacional, sendo baseada em uma função linear de variáveis, chamada de função objetivo. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho demonstrar a influência de diferentes funções objetivo e suas implicações nos modelos de regulação florestal e suas soluções. Para isso, foi utilizado o Modelo I de programação linear em um estudo de caso, no qual foram empregados dados de 10 florestas com estruturas inicias de povoamentos comumente encontrados no setor florestal. A sua solução foi obtida empregando o software RPF (Regulação da Produção Florestal), que foi utilizado também para simular diferentes cenários de manejo e planejamento. Utilizaram-se as seguintes funções objetivo: maximização da produção, maximização do valor presente líquido (VPL), minimização dos custos e minimização do custo médio de produção (CMP). Todos os métodos se mostraram viáveis e conseguiram regular as florestas. Os métodos de minimização foram mais eficientes na redução dos custos, tendo como consequência tanto a redução da área de corte anual e da produção anual quanto o aumento da idade de corte e da produtividade. Os métodos de maximização foram os mais dispendiosos, com maior produção e maior área de corte anual, menor idade de corte e menor produtividade.
- 29 April 2016
- Published by FapUNIFESP (SciELO) in Floresta e Ambiente
- Vol. 23 (3) , 362-368
Equações Hipsométricas, Volumétricas e de Crescimento para Khaya ivorensis Plantada em Pirapora
RESUMO O presente trabalho teve como objetivos a disponibilização de equações hipsométricas, volumétricas e de predição do crescimento para a espécie Khaya ivorensis. Para o ajuste das equações de altura utilizaram-se dados de altura total e diâmetro a 1,3 metros de altura coletados em plantio localizado no município de Pirapora, Minas Gerais. Para as equações volumétricas, realizou-se a cubagem de 21 árvores em pé no mesmo plantio. As equações de crescimento foram estimadas com dados de volume por hectare de 10 parcelas, com idade entre 30 e 59 meses. O cálculo do volume foi realizado seguindo o método de Smalian. As equações ajustadas apresentaram estatísticas satisfatórias, porem inferiores à de outras culturas mais difundidas, como a do Eucalipto. Mas em face da escassez de informações técnicas sobre o Mogno-africano, este trabalho contribuiu de forma significativa para o estado da arte da referida planta.
- 29 April 2016
- Published by FapUNIFESP (SciELO) in Floresta e Ambiente
- Vol. 23 (3) , 362-368
Equações Hipsométricas, Volumétricas e de Crescimento para Khaya ivorensis Plantada em Pirapora
RESUMO O presente trabalho teve como objetivos a disponibilização de equações hipsométricas, volumétricas e de predição do crescimento para a espécie Khaya ivorensis. Para o ajuste das equações de altura utilizaram-se dados de altura total e diâmetro a 1,3 metros de altura coletados em plantio localizado no município de Pirapora, Minas Gerais. Para as equações volumétricas, realizou-se a cubagem de 21 árvores em pé no mesmo plantio. As equações de crescimento foram estimadas com dados de volume por hectare de 10 parcelas, com idade entre 30 e 59 meses. O cálculo do volume foi realizado seguindo o método de Smalian. As equações ajustadas apresentaram estatísticas satisfatórias, porem inferiores à de outras culturas mais difundidas, como a do Eucalipto. Mas em face da escassez de informações técnicas sobre o Mogno-africano, este trabalho contribuiu de forma significativa para o estado da arte da referida planta.