Marcel Lubbers

Due to its often-ambiguous nature, workplace discrimination can be difficult to detect. Attributing situations to discrimination is the first step toward challenging and combatting such instances. Following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, this scoping review synthesizes experimental research on the causal predictors of discrimination attributions in organizational settings. Our systematic literature search yielded 63 experimental studies from 31 articles published between 1999 and 2023, for a total of 20,725 participants across studies. These studies, conducted almost exclusively in the United States, focused primarily on the role of ambiguous information (action-related factors), the gender or racial prototypicality of targets (actor-related factors) and the unintended effects of pro-diversity policies (context-related factors). Findings indicate that status asymmetry and the prototypicality of victims and perpetrators increase the likelihood that a situation is considered discriminatory, while the presence of organizational diversity policies and equality frames tends to reduce it. We encourage future research to broaden its scope to include other countries and grounds of discrimination, and to pay more attention to differences in attributions across actors and contexts.

Youth who perceive autonomy restrictions tend to have more conflicts with their parents and perceive lower support from them. This association between restrictions on autonomy and parent-youth conflicts and support may intensify when youth have stronger desires for autonomy. This study examined (a) the association of youth's perceptions of parental autonomy restrictions and their desires for autonomy with conflicts with and support from parents, and (b) the differences in autonomy restrictions and desires between youth with and without an immigration background, as well as (c) whether these associations differ for both groups. The analyses for this study were based on a sample of 975 youth in late adolescence and young adulthood (M_age = 18.12, SD = 1.94; range 16-25; 42% female; 29% with an immigration background). Results showed that perceiving more autonomy restrictions were associated with more conflicts and less support, especially for youth who reported stronger desires for autonomy. Youth with an immigration background perceived more autonomy restrictions and reported lower desires than those without an immigration background. Autonomy restrictions were not associated with parent-youth conflicts or support for youth with an immigration background, different from those without an immigration background. However, the interplay between autonomy restrictions, desires, and parent-youth conflicts and support did not differ significantly by immigration background. The findings underscore the importance of considering both youth's desire for autonomy and their immigration background when examining parenting behaviors and the parent-youth relationship. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

This study examines the role played by family status in the early labour market participation of refugee women in the Netherlands. Securing a first paid job is crucial for achieving financial independence, building human and social capital and enhancing future employment opportunities. Using Dutch register data and event history analysis, we investigate the transition to paid employment among refugee women. These data enable us to study the entire refugee population that was granted a residence permit in the Netherlands between 2014 and 2018. It contributes to the literature by examining both static family characteristics and dynamic transitions in family status. It presents a more nuanced understanding of how refugee women’s family lives evolve after arrival and how these changes interact with employment trajectories. The results show a gradual increase in divorce rates among married women, a rise in marriages among single women and a substantial increase in the number of women who become mothers. Our multivariate analyses confirm that, for refugee women, the presence of young children on arrival and becoming a mother are important factors in the likelihood of finding employment. Marital status is also related to employment: women who were initially single are more likely to find employment than those who were initially divorced or married. Within the group of single women, those who marry during the study period are less likely to find employment compared to those who remain single. These findings highlight the complex interplay between family dynamics and labour market participation for refugee women.

Refugee aid organizations depend to a large extent on volunteers. These organizations have difficulties retaining volunteers. The question then is: what can refugee aid organizations do to keep their' volunteers inside? Prior work suggests that satisfaction with the organization and motivations to continue volunteering may be of particular importance for volunteer retention. Therefore, this article assesses (1) which organizational factors contribute to satisfaction with the volunteer organization and (2) what personal factors contribute to volunteers' willingness to continue doing this work. Based on analyses of data from volunteers at a Dutch refugee aid organization ( N = 1090) to both open‐ended and close‐ended questions, we find that volunteers who feel more valued for their work express stronger organizational connectedness. Moreover, we found that a bridge function that volunteers are theorized to be motivates them: volunteers are motivated to continue because they contribute to the facilitation of refugee inclusion and to increasing societal tolerance toward refugees. Further, work conditions need to be in place to prevent volunteers from leaving the organization. Moreover, the experienced appreciation for their work turned out to be a crucial factor for organizations to retain volunteers. These results give refugee aid organizations and volunteer managers concrete steps on what they can do to retain volunteers. This paper discusses these results and their practical implications as well as the limitations of the study.

This article addresses what motivations volunteers have for volunteering for refugees and whether these motivations differ from or complement motivations to volunteer in general, such as included in the widely used measurement instrument, the Volunteer Function Inventory (VFI). We organized eight focus groups with volunteers for refugees ( N = 44) and interviewed five involved coordinators, all working in one city in the Netherlands. Results show that humanitarian concerns and social justice were highly relevant for people’s motivations, next to volunteering to obtain or improve knowledge and skills. We find support for the earlier suggested extension of the VFI with the social justice motivation. Next, the current study expands existing analysis on volunteer motivations by identifying four areas that require further attention: (1) volunteers for refugees seek a meaningful role in life; (2) are motivated by the pragmatism of this volunteer work; (3) have emotional reasons; and (4) are motivated by media exposure.

This study underscores the significance of home-country events in shaping connections between diaspora and their country of origin. Focusing on immigrants from Turkey who migrated to the Netherlands in 2012/2013, our panel-study sheds light on post-migration developments concerning interest in Turkish politics and sense of identification with Turkey. Leveraging the 2016 failed military coup as a natural experiment, we apply also rally effect theory. Our findings reveal that political interest increased in the aftermath of the coup attempt and stronger so among immigrants who supported the AK-party. Conversely, identification with Turkey declined, while remaining stable among migrants identifying as Turkish majority members. This research demonstrates the importance of examining responses to home-country events, elucidating on variations observed across subgroups.