Darsy Darssan

Background Studies, including umbrella reviews, have provided evidence linking greenspace exposure to specific health outcomes. To address methodological limitations in existing umbrella reviews, this umbrella review aims to expand knowledge on the association between greenspace and human health by summarising evidence from both quantitative and qualitative systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Methods This umbrella review builds upon our previous review with updates to reflect recent developments in the field. Five databases (PubMed, Embase, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature [CINAHL], Scopus, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) were searched for articles published in English in peer-reviewed journals between December 2020 and June 2024. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included if they clearly defined measures of greenspace exposure and reported health outcomes directly attributable to greenspace exposure (PROSPERO: CRD42022383421). The methodological quality and risk of bias of each included review were evaluated by two independent reviewers. Results A total of 45 articles were included in this umbrella review. Greenspace exposure was beneficially associated with mental health, general health and quality of life, and cardiovascular and metabolic health. Inconsistent or inconclusive associations were observed for respiratory health and allergies, maternal health and birth outcomes, cancer, and cognitive function. Some harmful associations were reported for communicable and vector-borne diseases, although these were based on a limited number of systematic reviews. Most of the included reviews had a high risk of bias and critically low methodological quality. Discussion This umbrella review highlights the multifaceted health benefits of greenspace exposure while underlining existing evidence gaps and methodological challenges. The results indicate that increasing access to greenspace could be a simple and cost-effective strategy to improve population health and reduce health inequalities.

This study quantifies the lagged association between grass pollen exposure and the onset of allergic rhinitis (AR) symptoms, including differences between asthmatic and non‐asthmatic subgroups. Data included 114,834 self‐reported AR symptoms collected from 25,194 uniquely identified users of a smartphone application. Reports were gathered prospectively for seven consecutive grass pollen seasons (2017–2023) in Melbourne. We adjusted for meteorological, air quality, and other time‐varying covariates. A quasi‐Poisson regression model combined with a distributed lag non‐linear model (DLNM) was used, testing 0–7 days lagged effects. An association between grass exposure and daily AR incidence of any severity was observed on “low” exposure days (19 grains/m ³ ), when exposure was modeled cumulatively across a 3‐day lag period (RR 1.31, 95% CI 1.16–1.47). Higher grass concentrations were associated with increased risk at lag‐1, with risk rising from RR 1.08 (95% CI 0.99–1.17) at 19 grains/m ³ to RR 1.19 (95% CI 1.09–1.29) at 150 grains/m ³ . By lag‐2, risk returned to a non‐significant baseline. Asthmatics, users reporting medication use, and users reporting more severe symptoms exhibited elevated risk at later lags. The magnitude and duration of elevated risk varied across stratified models by age and sex. We provide new population‐level evidence that grass pollen triggers allergic rhinitis symptoms predominately on the day of exposure, even at concentrations traditionally classified as “low”, with symptom risk persisting longer in asthmatics and other sensitive groups. This study highlights the value of refining communication and early‐warning systems to better support individuals who are sensitive to even low levels of exposure.

Background Studies, including umbrella reviews, have provided evidence linking greenspace exposure to specific health outcomes. To address methodological limitations in existing umbrella reviews, this umbrella review aims to expand knowledge on the association between greenspace and human health by summarising evidence from both quantitative and qualitative systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Methods This umbrella review builds upon our previous review with updates to reflect recent developments in the field. Five databases (PubMed, Embase, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature [CINAHL], Scopus, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) were searched for articles published in English in peer-reviewed journals between December 2020 and June 2024. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included if they clearly defined measures of greenspace exposure and reported health outcomes directly attributable to greenspace exposure (PROSPERO: CRD42022383421). The methodological quality and risk of bias of each included review were evaluated by two independent reviewers. Results A total of 45 articles were included in this umbrella review. Greenspace exposure was beneficially associated with mental health, general health and quality of life, and cardiovascular and metabolic health. Inconsistent associations were observed for respiratory health and allergies, maternal health and birth outcomes, and cancer. Most of the included reviews had a high risk of bias and critically low methodological quality. Discussion This umbrella review highlights the multifaceted health benefits of greenspace exposure while underlining existing evidence gaps and methodological challenges. The results indicate that increasing access to greenspace could be a simple and cost-effective strategy to improve population health and reduce health inequalities.

Australia’s diverse geography and climate conditions may influence the substantial burden of kidney failure. Understanding current climate impacts on

Background Numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have sought to clarify the relationship between greenspace exposure and health outcomes, but the results are inconsistent. We aimed to synthesise all relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses on this association. Methods We searched five databases (PubMed, Embase, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature [CINAHL], Scopus, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) and conducted a manual reference search for systematic reviews and meta-analyses written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals that clearly defined measures of greenspace exposure and reported health outcomes directly attributable to greenspace exposure. A total of 36 systematic reviews published between January 2010 and December 2020 were identified for inclusion in this systematic review of reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42021227422). The methodological quality and risk of bias of included systematic reviews were evaluated by two independent reviewers. Results Beneficial effects of greenspace exposure were observed for all-cause and cause-specific mortality, as well as mental health and cognitive function. Ambivalent results were found for cardiovascular and metabolic health, general health and quality of life (QOL), and respiratory health and allergies. Most of the systematic reviews included in the current umbrella review had a low to moderate methodological quality and a high risk of bias. Conclusions This umbrella review highlights the link between greenspaces and a variety of health outcomes, emphasising the importance of preserving existing greenspaces and integrating additional vegetation into urban areas to maintain public health.

Background Studies, including umbrella reviews, have provided evidence linking greenspace exposure to specific health outcomes. To address methodological limitations in existing umbrella reviews, this umbrella review aims to expand knowledge on the association between greenspace and human health by summarising evidence from both quantitative and qualitative systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Methods This umbrella review builds upon our previous review with updates to reflect recent developments in the field. Five databases (PubMed, Embase, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature [CINAHL], Scopus, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) were searched for articles published in English in peer-reviewed journals between December 2020 and June 2024. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included if they clearly defined measures of greenspace exposure and reported health outcomes directly attributable to greenspace exposure (PROSPERO: CRD42022383421). The methodological quality and risk of bias of each included review were evaluated by two independent reviewers. Results A total of 45 articles were included in this umbrella review. Greenspace exposure was beneficially associated with mental health, general health and quality of life, and cardiovascular and metabolic health. Inconsistent associations were observed for respiratory health and allergies, maternal health and birth outcomes, and cancer. Most of the included reviews had a high risk of bias and critically low methodological quality. Discussion This umbrella review highlights the multifaceted health benefits of greenspace exposure while underlining existing evidence gaps and methodological challenges. The results indicate that increasing access to greenspace could be a simple and cost-effective strategy to improve population health and reduce health inequalities.