Qian Li

Biodegradable piezoelectric implants are optimal platforms for transient biosensing and therapeutics. However, limited piezoelectric properties and toughness impede the deployment of biodegradable piezoelectric implants in dynamic tissues and organs. In this study, we have developed silk fibroin (SF) fibers with high piezoelectricity and toughness via a microfluidic spinning method and post‐treatment via dynamic salting‐out (DSO). The optimized SF‐DSO fibers exhibited remarkable mechanical properties (fracture strain: 45.58%, toughness: 115.03 MJ/m ³ ) and enhanced piezoelectric performance ( d _{33, eff} = 26.51 pC/N). Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and two‐dimensional wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (2D‐WAXS) analyses revealed increased β‐sheet content and molecular alignment, correlating with improved properties. The fibers also showed excellent cytocompatibility and biodegradability, confirmed by in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Piezoelectric films based on SF‐DSO fibers provided stable electrical outputs and were successfully used for in vivo applications, including respiratory monitoring, muscle motion detection, and ultrasound‐driven energy harvesting in rats. The regenerated SF‐DSO fibers prepared in this study offer a promising option for next‐generation biodegradable piezoelectric implants.

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is widely used due to its exceptional mechanical strength, chemical stability, and cost-effectiveness. However, its low heat resistance severely restricts its application in high-temperature environments, such as packaging, battery components, and automotive parts. To overcome this limitation, this review systematically summarizes diverse strategies developed to enhance the heat resistance of PET. These strategies primarily focus on regulating molecular mobility, controlling crystallization behavior, and utilizing composite enhancement. The methods include molecular structure modification, the incorporation of nucleating agents, optimized processing techniques, and polymer blending. The review provides a comparative analysis of the mechanisms, advantages, and limitations of each method, explores their synergistic potential, and evaluates their practical applicability in engineering fields. Finally, this review identifies critical future research directions, aiming to advance the design and synthesis of high-performance PET materials tailored for demanding high-temperature applications.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene (PE) exhibit complementary properties, offering great potential for applications in recycling and multifunctional material development. However, due to significant differences in polarity, crystallinity, and interfacial tension, PET/PE blends typically suffer from poor compatibility, which affects their mechanical properties, thermal stability, and processability. This review summarizes recent advances in improving the compatibility of PET/PE blends, with a particular focus on the design principles and mechanisms of various compatibilizers, including graft copolymers, functionalized polymers, nanomaterials, and reactive compatibilization agents. In addition, the effects of processing optimization, particle size control, and flowability adjustment on blend performance are discussed. Application such as food packaging, construction engineering, automotive components, and recycling are critically evaluated. Finally, this review identifies key challenges and outlines future strategies: developing eco‐friendly compatibilizers, enhancing multifunctionality, and advancing sustainable recycling. These approaches offer both theoretical insight and practical guidance for PET/PE composite innovation.

The hollow fibers fabricated from polylactic acid (PLA) materials simultaneously exhibit the characteristics of biodegradability and the function of a hollow structure, representing an important advancement in the field of sustainable material design. This article provides a systematic review of PLA hollow fibers, focusing on their fabrication methods, properties, and applications. The fabrication methods primarily include coaxial electrospinning, emulsion electrospinning, wet spinning, melt spinning, and template methods. The properties and corresponding optimization strategies discussed encompass mechanical properties, biocompatibility and degradability, hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, antibacterial activity, electrical conductivity, and structural optimization. Finally, the applications of PLA hollow fibers in various fields are addressed, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, separation and filtration, wound dressings, gel materials, and microbial fuel cells. By summarizing the existing preparation methods, properties, and application fields of PLA hollow fibers, this review aims to provide a valuable reference for related research and to promote the continuous fabrication and application of micron‐scale filament hollow fibers.

After implantation in vivo, airway stents are prone to negative biological effects, such as platelet adhesion, aggregation, and blood coagulation, which may lead to vascular occlusion and thrombosis. Therefore, when studying the antithrombotic properties of vascular grafts, it is crucial to construct a fiber film-coated airway stent with antithrombotic properties. In this paper, PTFE/TPU fiber film was prepared by emulsion electrospinning, and heparin aldehyde group was modified to covalently graft with the fiber film to obtain heparin-loaded fiber film (Hep-PT fiber film), and a heparin-loaded PTFE fiber film-coated airway stent (Hep-PT fiber film-coated airway stent) was prepared. Covalent grafting improves the stability of heparin and promotes the long-term stable release of heparin. The loading of heparin increases the fiber nodes between the fiber films, increases the friction between the fibers, and improves the mechanical properties and ability of the fiber film to resist external forces. At the same time, the Hep-PT fiber film-coated airway stent exhibits excellent cytocompatibility, making it an ideal candidate system for airway stent materials.

Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is a promising degradable polymer for replacing non-degradable traditional plastics to mitigate pollution. However, its low softening temperature and poor hardness impede its application. Herein, PBAT and stereocomplex polylactide (sc-PLA) blends were fabricated through a melt-blending process to balance the heat resistance and mechanical strength of PBAT in this research. The effects of the PLA content and hot embossing temperature on the blend properties were comprehensively investigated. The results demonstrate that the sc-crystal content in the PBAT/sc-PLA blend increased by 493% as the PLA content rose from 10% to 30%. The blend with 15% PLLA and 15% PDLA, hot embossed at 190 °C, exhibited the highest sc-PLA crystallinity of 23.3% and the largest fraction of sc-crystallites at 66%, leading to the optimal comprehensive performance. Its Vicat softening temperature (VST) reached 92.2 °C, and a nonlinear increase trend in accordance with the power-law model between VST and the mass ratio of sc-crystal was obtained. Compared with the mechanical properties of neat PBAT, a maximum tensile yield stress of 9.7 MPa and a Young’s modulus of 82.5 MPa were achieved and improved approximately by 107% and 361%, respectively. This research offers an effective strategy for synergistically enhancing the heat resistance and mechanical strength of PBAT.

The potential of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) products as surgical dressings is considerable, yet their absence of antibacterial properties substantially restricts their medical applications. To enhance the utility of PTFE in the medical sector, this research loaded nano zinc oxide (ZnO) particles into the PTFE filament matrix through a wet spinning process. This approach successfully yielded PTFE/ZnO composite filaments with antibacterial properties. The characterization results of the filaments show that when the mass ratio of PTFE to ZnO is 8:1, the filament has the best mechanical performance with a tensile strength of 6.78 MPa and an elongation at break of 274.46%. At the same time, composite antibacterial filaments under different process conditions show excellent antibacterial effects against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), with an antibacterial rate of over 99%. The excellent mechanical properties ensure the ability to further process single filaments, which can be woven into fabrics, textiles, and various other products. Therefore, the composite antibacterial filaments with excellent comprehensive performance prepared in this study are expected to be applied in the field of medical fabrics.Highlights: Provide new solution ideas for functional PTFE composite filaments preparation. The prepared PTFE/ZnO composite filament has good acid and alkali resistance as well as excellent antibacterial properties, which is expected to broaden the application field of PTFE filaments.