Yuyue Qin

The substitution of matsutake powder and quinoa flour would affect the baking quality of wheat bread. The traditional optimization method is time-consuming, whereas the data-driven method requires large datasets. Three machine learning (ML) models including Random Forest, Gradient Boost, and Convolutional Neural Network are trained to optimize the formulation of wheat bread reinforced with matsutake powder and quinoa flour. The training models show high predictive performance (R2: 0.9743–1; MAE: 0.0024-0.1214; and MSE: 0-0.0251). The wheat bread based on the optimal formulation achieved a little lower specific volume, relatively soft texture, higher total phenols content, and increased digestion capacity. The result show that the generated data effectively improve the predictive accuracy of ML models, capturing complex nonlinear relationships between input and output variables, leading to the balance between the texture and nutritional value of wheat bread. This highlighted the use of ML models to develop nutritional and healthy bread products.

Rice bran oil (RBO) is increasingly valued for its bioactive constituents and associated health benefits. This study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of RBOs derived from purple (PRBO), red (RRBO), and white (WRBO) rice bran, focusing on their physicochemical properties, fatty-acid profiles, bioactive components, antioxidant activity, oxidative stability, and lipidomics. Our results demonstrate that PRBO consistently exhibited a more favorable fatty-acid composition, characterized by a higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids and significantly greater concentrations of bioactive compounds (including tocopherols/tocotrienols, γ-oryzanol, phytosterols, and squalene). Accordingly, PRBO showed the highest radical-scavenging activity and storage oxidative stability, followed by RRBO and WRBO. Additionally, untargeted lipidomics using UPLC–MS–MS identified 2908 lipid species spanning 57 subclasses and revealed distinct variety-specific lipid signatures. PRBO was uniquely enriched in lipid species such as ceramide phosphate (CerP) and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG). RRBO was characterized by a distinct abundance of sitosteryl esters (SiE), phosphatidic acid (PA), and cardiolipin (CL), while WRBO was distinguished by phosphatidylethanol (PEt), lysodimethylphosphatidylethanolamine (LdMePE), and sphingomyelin (SM). Overall, PRBO possessed not only a broader repertoire of lipid species but also higher relative abundances of nutritionally significant lipids. These results enable quality evaluation and varietal authentication of colored RBOs and guide their targeted use in health-oriented foods and nutritional interventions.

In recent years, the consumers’ demand for healthy foods has been increased. To address the dietary related diseases, the food products enriched with mushroom or colored rice were promoted. The effects of Tricholoma matsutake powder and colored rice flour on baking quality and volatile aroma compound of cookies were investigated. Texture analyzer, and electronic nose (e-nose) were used to analyze the physicochemical, structural, and digestibility properties and volatile aroma compound of cookie. With the content of Tricholoma matsutake powder and colored rice flour increased, the hardness and free amino acid content increased. Cookie in terms of weaker network structure, relatively crispy cookie texture, and better in vitro digestion activity was obtained with appropriate amount replacement. The cookie sample contained with 5% Tricholoma matsutake and 20% red rice exhibited acceptable hardness and lowest starch hydrolysis rate. The volatile aroma compounds were also affected by the wheat flour substitution. The results indicated that Tricholoma matsutake powder and colored rice flour substitution improved the baking quality of cookie.

The breads were produced using the following formulations: (1) purple rice (Oryza sativa L.) powder alone at 5% and 10% (w/w), (2) chanterelle mushrooms (Cantharellus yunnanensis Chiu) powder alone at 1% and 2% (w/w), and (3) four blended combinations of both purple rice powder (5%, 10%) and chanterelle powder (1%, 2%) at varying ratios. Physicochemical, starch digestibility, antioxidant capacity, odor characteristics, and sensory properties were investigated, which are helpful to search for both rich-nutritious and highly acceptable daily food options. Compared to the control bread, the resistant starch content, phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity were significantly increased, and the hydrolysis index and glycemic index were significantly decreased in experimental breads. Significant differences were found in color, specific volume, texture characteristics, and aroma components in experimental breads. All the experimental breads showed high overall acceptability, and the results indicated that purple rice and chanterelle mushroom powder could be used as high-value ingredients to improve the nutritional profile and reduce the glycemic index of bread. The purple rice and chanterelle mushrooms are natural food ingredients and show new potential to improve the functional properties of breads.

Wheat bran, oat flour, and Dictyophora indusiata powder were used to substitute wheat flour in noodle production. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of wheat bran flour, oat flour, and Dictyophora indusiata powder on physical, chemical, sensorial, and in vitro digestibility of wheat noodles. Results indicated that the addition of wheat bran flour, oat flour, and Dictyophora indusiata powder decreased the lightness, chewiness, and the reducing sugar released during digestion of noodles, and their estimated glycaemic index. The viscosity value of noodles decreased with Dictyophora indusiata powder addition solely. The protein, and dietary fibre of wheat noodle increased at 10% Dictyophora indusiata powder, and 10% oat flour blended with wheat flour, and the estimated glycaemic index lowered significantly with the addition of 10% wheat bran flour, and 10% Dictyophora indusiata powder.

Edible mushrooms have become an important global ingredient due to their rich nutrients and delicious taste. However, their high moisture content, abundant bioactive components and susceptibility to microbial contamination led to a relatively short shelf-life. Therefore, extensive research on the active ingredients, bioactivity and preservation techniques of mushrooms is crucial for enhancing the rapid development and increasing acceptance of the mushroom industry. Furthermore, the comprehensive utilisation of by-products from mushroom processing and the diversified development of mushroom products are important means to increase the added value of the mushroom industry. Therefore, through the aforementioned research, the sustainable and healthy development of the mushroom industry can be promoted.

Summary: A high‐glycaemic index diet can lead to elevated blood glucose levels and chronic diseases. In this study, Dictyophora indusiata powder, oats powder and Polygonatum kingianum powder were substituted for some wheat flour to make pizza crust. The aim was to investigate the effects of the three powders on the chemical composition, physical quality, antioxidant properties, in vitro digestibility of starch and sensory characteristics of pizza crust. The addition of the three powders enhanced the nutritional value of the pizza crust, especially the dried Dictyophora indusiata flour and oats powder were rich in dietary fibre and protein, the three powders also increased the total phenolic content (214%) and antioxidant activity (ABTS+185%, DPPH30.5%) of the pizza crust and improved the shelf‐life of the pizza crust. In addition, the three powders increased the slowly digestible starch (25.9%) and decreased the reducing sugar levels and hydrogenation index, and expected glycaemic index of the pizza crust compared to the control group. The results suggest that the three powders could be used as functional ingredients to enhance the nutritional value and lower the glycaemic index of pizza crusts. This study provides new ideas for the development of nutritious and hypoglycaemic functional bakery products.