Oulmann Zerhouni

Aim: To examine whether recovery experiences and need for recovery mediate the association between psychological capital and perceived stress in nurses. Design: Cross‐sectional online survey. Methods: A total of 184 nurses currently practicing in France completed an anonymous online questionnaire administered in January 2023. Participants completed the French versions of the Psychological Capital Questionnaire, the Recovery Experience Scale, the Need for Recovery Scale, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Two mediation models were estimated using ordinary least squares regression with percentile bootstrap inference for the indirect effects. Results: Psychological capital was positively associated with recovery experiences and negatively associated with need for recovery. Need for recovery was strongly and positively associated with perceived stress, while psychological capital showed no direct association with perceived stress. The indirect effect of psychological capital on perceived stress through need for recovery was statistically detectable, whereas a complementary indirect effect through recovery experiences was in the expected direction but did not meet the bootstrap criterion for statistical significance. Conclusion: In this cross‐sectional sample, psychological capital was associated with lower perceived stress primarily through its association with reduced need for recovery rather than through a direct association with stress. Interventions intended to protect nurse well‐being should therefore be conceived as combining individual resource‐building with organizational architectures that enable effective recovery. Implication for Nursing Practice: Psychological capital should be seen as one element in integrated interventions rather than a stand‐alone solution to nursing stress. Brief recovery‐focused interventions for nurses need to be combined with scheduling practices and organizational policies that protect rest and make recovery feasible, a configuration that appears more promising than psychological capital training alone. Reporting Method: The study followed the STROBE Statement for the reporting of cross‐sectional studies. No Patient or Public Contribution: This study focused on nurses as study participants. No patient or public stakeholder was involved in the design, conduct, or interpretation of the research, since the research question concerns occupational psychological resources rather than clinical practice or care delivery.

We examined psychological, ideological, social-cognitive, and sociodemographic correlates of recent aggressive behavior using a brief aggression index. In a community sample of adults (N = 1,215), we regressed the aggression index on perceived stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, perceived social support, mentalizing ability (Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test), right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and contextual and demographic covariates, using ordinary least squares regression with heteroskedasticity-consistent standard errors. Perceived stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were each positively and uniquely associated with aggression, and hierarchical analyses indicated that the distress block accounted for the largest share of explained variance. Mentalizing ability and the facets of right-wing authoritarianism were not uniquely related to aggression. Social dominance orientation, examined as a composite to avoid suppressor effects between its two highly correlated facets, showed a small inverse association that runs counter to theoretical predictions and that we interpret cautiously. Older age and higher education were associated with lower aggression, whereas being a man, higher subjective social status, higher socio-professional category, and a greater number of children in the household were associated with higher aggression. Robustness analyses, including robust regression and quantile regression, supported these conclusions. Current negative affect and stress emerged as the most consistent correlates of recent aggression, beyond ideology, social cognition, and background covariates. Framing aggression as recent behavior complements trait approaches and clarifies which individual differences are proximally associated with everyday aggression.

Purpose: To examine whether chronological age functions as a usable classifier of online risk among school-aged youth, and how nocturnal device use and platform repertoire relate to distinct harms. Methods: Six annual waves (2020-2025) of a French cross-sectional prevention survey of students aged 8 to 18 years. After removing 1,176 records from a different instrument, the sample comprised 65,336 respondents, with all variables recomputed from raw items. Because the nocturnal-use item is displayed only to respondents reporting a bedroom device, models containing it are restricted to that population. Results: Age discriminated poorly between youth with and without adverse experience (area under the curve = .637; maximum Youden index = .218 at 13.0 years), and adverse experience rose with age from age 9. Having misstated one's age on a social-media profile, reported by 45.9% of those asked, added little discrimination beyond age (.622 against .651 combined). Among youth with a bedroom device (n = 28,359), nocturnal use was associated with citing social discovery and algorithmic-feed platforms, most strongly Yubo (OR = 3.18). Sexual harassment or unsolicited sexting was associated with Yubo (OR = 2.53), Facebook (OR = 2.06) and female sex (OR = 2.04). Stranger involvement raised the odds of sexual harassment (OR = 2.76) but lowered those of non-consensual image sharing (OR = 0.62), elevated only when both known peers and strangers were involved (OR = 1.69). Conclusions: Self-declared age thresholds discriminate poorly here, and nearly half report misstating their age, which may undermine such gates. Associations were harm-type specific.

Cette thèse porte sur l’influence du parrainage dans le sport et de la consommation d’alcool dans les films sur les attitudes implicites vis-à-vis de l’alcool. Peu de recherches portent sur les mécanismes psychologiques permettant d’expliquer l’influence de l’exposition à de la publicité pour de l’alcool sur les comportements de consommation à long terme. L’hypothèse générale soutenue dans cette thèse est qu’un processus de conditionnement évaluatif par fausse attribution affective médiatise l’effet de l’exposition à des stimuli en lien avec l’alcool sur les attitudes implicites vis-à-vis de l’alcool. L’effet de deux autres processus automatiques (i.e. effet de simple exposition, association avec le soi) sont également étudiés. Deux études (1 et 2) ont d’abord été menées afin de mettre en place une induction permettant (i) d’inhiber les processus contrôlés et (ii) de maximiser la fausse attribution affective par inhibition du contrôle attentionnel dans un paradigme de conditionnement évaluatif. Trois études sur le parrainage ont ensuite été menées dans lesquels nous observé un effet de l’exposition au parrainage sur les attitudes implicites (études 3 et 5). L’effet de l’exposition au parrainage peut être expliqué par un effet de simple exposition aux marques (étude 5), cependant, nos données ne nous permettent pas de conclure à un effet de conditionnement évaluatif (étude 4). Deux études sur la représentation de la consommation d’alcool dans les films et les séries télévisées ont permis de mettre en évidence un effet de conditionnement évaluatif indépendant de l’association avec le soi (étude 6), et que cet effet de conditionnement dépendait de processus contrôlés (étude 7). Dans l’ensemble, l’influence du parrainage sur les attitudes implicites semble s’exercer par un effet de simple exposition, tandis que l’influence de la représentation de l’alcool dans les films et séries télévisées semble davantage s’exercer par conditionnement évaluatif et association du concept d’alcool avec le soi.

The proliferation of gambling advertising has raised concerns about its effects on gambling behavior, particularly among vulnerable populations such as highest risk gamblers. This study examines the influence of gambling advertising on attitudes and intentions to gamble on a large sample of gamblers in France. We used an online questionnaire in a cross-sectional design, with data collected between February 15 and April 30, 2021. Participants were recruited through a single recruitment channel, namely the client mailing list of the Française des Jeux, resulting in a final sample consisting of 1,334 participants (62% male, 38% female, < 1% other) with a mean age of 41.37 years (SD = 15.07). Participants completed validated questionnaires, including the Canadian Problem Gambling Index, advertisement recall, measures of impulsivity, and cognitive distortions. Exposure to responsible-gambling messages was recorded descriptively and not manipulated. Results indicate that exposure to gambling advertising was significantly associated with more positive participants' attitudes toward gambling and their intentions to engage in gambling activities. Highest risk gamblers were more susceptible to the influence of advertising, showing higher recall of advertisements and greater likelihood of gambling after exposure. The study highlights the urgent need for regulatory action to limit exposure of vulnerable populations to gambling advertising and formulate strategies to mitigate gambling-related harm. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).