Hanna A. Fotina
Current Organizations / Institutes
The organizations/institutes from the scholar's latest article
Previous Organizations / Institutes
The organizations / institutes from the scholar's other articles in the past ten years
Hanna A. Fotina has a total of 122 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:
- Tetiana I. Fotina
Sumy National Agrarian University
12 shared publications - Yanan Wang
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, 464000, China
6 shared publications - Roman Viktorovych Petrov
Sumy National Agrarian University
5 shared publications - Xiaofei Wang
Xinxiang Institute of Engineering, College of Bioengineering Henan, Xinxiang 453003, China
4 shared publications - Jianhe Hu
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
3 shared publications - Jinqing Jiang
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
3 shared publications
Latest Publications
- Open Access
- 21 September 2026
- Published by Kharkiv Entomological Society in Journal for Veterinary Medicine, Biotechnology and Biosafety
- Vol. 12 (3) , 45
Risk-based control of foodborne infections in poultry production
Poultry production is one of the most dynamic sectors of the agro-industrial complex, providing the population with affordable sources of protein. At the same time, poultry products may serve as a vehicle for foodborne toxicoinfections caused by pathogenic microorganisms, particularly Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. The modern concept of food safety is based on a risk-oriented approach that involves hazard identification, risk assessment, and implementation of preventive measures throughout the entire production chain — from farm to fork. This article examines current approaches to risk-based control of foodborne toxicoinfections in poultry production. The main biological hazards associated with poultry products, particularly Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp., are analyzed, and the critical stages of contamination within the production chain are identified. The effectiveness of an integrated food safety management system based on HACCP principles, biosecurity measures, microbiological monitoring, and official control was evaluated. The results demonstrate that a comprehensive risk-based approach is essential for reducing the incidence of foodborne toxicoinfections and ensuring the safety of poultry products. The most critical pathogens within the poultry production chain were identified as Salmonella spp., which may be present at virtually all stages of production; Campylobacter spp., primarily detected during slaughter; pathogenic Escherichia coli, found in water sources and in young birds; and Listeria spp., associated with the chilling and storage stages of finished products. Hazard analyses conducted in poultry enterprises are based on HACCP principles. They include identifying, assessing, and controlling biological, chemical, and physical hazards at all stages of production, from rearing poultry to distributing products. The results obtained confirm the necessity of implementing an effective HACCP system and of conducting continuous microbiological monitoring throughout the production process
- 21 September 2026
- Published by Kharkiv Entomological Society in Journal for Veterinary Medicine, Biotechnology and Biosafety
- Vol. 12 (3) , 45
Open AccessRisk-based control of foodborne infections in poultry production
Poultry production is one of the most dynamic sectors of the agro-industrial complex, providing the population with affordable sources of protein. At the same time, poultry products may serve as a vehicle for foodborne toxicoinfections caused by pathogenic microorganisms, particularly Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. The modern concept of food safety is based on a risk-oriented approach that involves hazard identification, risk assessment, and implementation of preventive measures throughout the entire production chain — from farm to fork. This article examines current approaches to risk-based control of foodborne toxicoinfections in poultry production. The main biological hazards associated with poultry products, particularly Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp., are analyzed, and the critical stages of contamination within the production chain are identified. The effectiveness of an integrated food safety management system based on HACCP principles, biosecurity measures, microbiological monitoring, and official control was evaluated. The results demonstrate that a comprehensive risk-based approach is essential for reducing the incidence of foodborne toxicoinfections and ensuring the safety of poultry products. The most critical pathogens within the poultry production chain were identified as Salmonella spp., which may be present at virtually all stages of production; Campylobacter spp., primarily detected during slaughter; pathogenic Escherichia coli, found in water sources and in young birds; and Listeria spp., associated with the chilling and storage stages of finished products. Hazard analyses conducted in poultry enterprises are based on HACCP principles. They include identifying, assessing, and controlling biological, chemical, and physical hazards at all stages of production, from rearing poultry to distributing products. The results obtained confirm the necessity of implementing an effective HACCP system and of conducting continuous microbiological monitoring throughout the production process
- 17 March 2026
- Published by Springer Nature in Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization
- Vol. 20 (4) , 3884-3898
Hypolipidemic active components and mechanisms of action of hawthorn (Crataegus L.)
- 17 March 2026
- Published by Springer Nature in Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization
- Vol. 20 (4) , 3884-3898
Hypolipidemic active components and mechanisms of action of hawthorn (Crataegus L.)
- Open Access
A Study on the Effects of Chelated vs. Inorganic Trace Elements on Growth Performance, Survival and Carcass Yield in Broiler Chickens
High-quality, well-balanced feeding strategies are essential for optimizing poultry growth performance and for ensuring the safety of poultry products. Here, we evaluated the effects of chelated vs. inorganic trace minerals on the growth, survival and carcass characteristics of Cobb 500 broiler chickens. A large-scale feeding trial involved four dietary treatments at 21–35 days of age, with Group 1 receiving a control diet with mineral supplements of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) in sulfate form, based on a standard formulation. A further three experimental diets contained chelated forms of Zn (Group 2), Cu (Group 3) and a mineral premix MINTREX® that provides Zn, Cu and Mn (Group 4). Broilers were raised to 42 days of age under commercial production conditions. Feeding chelated trace minerals resulted in significantly higher body weights during the rearing period, including a 10% increase in pre-slaughter weight compared to the controls (p < 0.01). Moreover, survival rates improved from 87% in the controls to 95–96% in the treatment groups (p < 0.001), and carcass evaluation revealed a 15–17% increase in eviscerated carcass weight in birds fed chelated supplements (p < 0.05). Greater yields of muscle, liver and skin with subcutaneous fat were observed, as was improved production of total edible carcass components. Among the treatments, MINTREX® provided the greatest enhancement effects in performance and slaughter traits. These findings demonstrate that dietary chelated minerals, whether single or combined, may have positive effects on the broiler carcass yield and support their inclusion in poultry production systems.
Open AccessA Study on the Effects of Chelated vs. Inorganic Trace Elements on Growth Performance, Survival and Carcass Yield in Broiler Chickens
High-quality, well-balanced feeding strategies are essential for optimizing poultry growth performance and for ensuring the safety of poultry products. Here, we evaluated the effects of chelated vs. inorganic trace minerals on the growth, survival and carcass characteristics of Cobb 500 broiler chickens. A large-scale feeding trial involved four dietary treatments at 21–35 days of age, with Group 1 receiving a control diet with mineral supplements of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) in sulfate form, based on a standard formulation. A further three experimental diets contained chelated forms of Zn (Group 2), Cu (Group 3) and a mineral premix MINTREX® that provides Zn, Cu and Mn (Group 4). Broilers were raised to 42 days of age under commercial production conditions. Feeding chelated trace minerals resulted in significantly higher body weights during the rearing period, including a 10% increase in pre-slaughter weight compared to the controls (p < 0.01). Moreover, survival rates improved from 87% in the controls to 95–96% in the treatment groups (p < 0.001), and carcass evaluation revealed a 15–17% increase in eviscerated carcass weight in birds fed chelated supplements (p < 0.05). Greater yields of muscle, liver and skin with subcutaneous fat were observed, as was improved production of total edible carcass components. Among the treatments, MINTREX® provided the greatest enhancement effects in performance and slaughter traits. These findings demonstrate that dietary chelated minerals, whether single or combined, may have positive effects on the broiler carcass yield and support their inclusion in poultry production systems.
- Open Access
- 30 December 2025
- Published by Publishing House Helvetica (Publications) in Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The series: Veterinary Medicine
- No. 4(71),p. 51-56
КОМПЛЕКСНЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СИНТЕТИЧНИХ ПІДХОДІВ І СТРУКТУРАЛЬНО-БІОЛОГІЧНИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ 1,2,4-ТРИАЗОЛЬНИХ ПОХІДНИХ
1,2,4-Триазол та його похідні належать до важливого класу азотовмісних гетероциклічних сполук, які привертають значну увагу в органічній, медичній та фармацевтичній хімії. Гетероцикл 1,2,4-триазолу складається з п’ятичленного кільця з трьома атомами Нітрогену, розташованими в положеннях 1, 2 та 4. Така будова зумовлює його високу стабільність, виражені електронодонорні та електроноакцепторні властивості, а також здатність до утворення водневих зв’язків, що значно розширює спектр його можливих застосувань. Похідні 1,2,4-триазолу відомі завдяки широкому діапазону біологічної активності. Серед них присутні речовини з протимікробними, протигрибковими, протитуберкульозними, протизапальними, протисудомними та протипухлинними властивостями. Багато фармакологічно активних препаратів, що містять триазольний фрагмент, уже застосовуються у клінічній практиці. Наприклад, триазолові антимікотики (флуконазол, ітраконазол, вориконазол) ефективно інгібують біосинтез ергостеролу у грибів, що забезпечує їхню виражену фунгіцидну дію. Триазольний фрагмент також використовується в структурі противірусних і протипухлинних потенційних агентів, оскільки може модифікувати метаболічну стабільність та біодоступність молекул. З погляду органічного синтезу, 1,2,4-триазоли зручні для функціоналізації, що дозволяє отримувати широкий спектр похідних. Найпоширенішими методами синтезу є циклоконденсація гідразидів кислот з відповідними реагентами, окиснення азолінів, реакції з амідразонами тощо. Варіюючи замісники в кільці, дослідники можуть цілеспрямовано змінювати фізико-хімічні та біологічні властивості сполук, оптимізуючи їхню активність та селективність. Похідні 1,2,4-триазолу знаходять застосування не лише в медицині, а й у сільському господарстві як фунгіциди, гербіциди та регулятори росту рослин. Їхня хімічна стабільність, низька токсичність та висока ефективність роблять їх цінним інструментом у розробці нових пестицидів. Крім того, триазольні сполуки використовуються в матеріалознавстві, зокрема як корозійні інгібітори та компоненти полімерних матеріалів. У огляді представлено систематичне узагальнення сучасних синтетичних підходів до одержання похідних 1,2,4-триазолу, а також їхніх структурних особливостей і біологічної активності. Проаналізовано ключові методи формування триазольного кільця, модифікації на різних етапах синтезу та тенденції у створенні нових функціонально-залежних дериватів. Особливу увагу приділено зв’язку між структурою сполук і їхніми фармакологічними властивостями. Узагальнено дані про перспективність 1,2,4-триазольних систем як базових платформ для дизайну біологічно активних молекул. Підкреслено багатобічну перспективність 1,2,4-триазольної системи, яка завдяки стабільності, хімічній гнучкості та здатності до тонкого структурного налаштування є універсальною платформою для дизайну нових біологічно активних молекул. Огляд підкреслює важливість подальших досліджень у галузі медичної хімії з метою створення високоефективних та селективних препаратів на основі триазольного фрагмента.
- 30 December 2025
- Published by Publishing House Helvetica (Publications) in Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The series: Veterinary Medicine
- No. 4(71),p. 51-56
Open AccessКОМПЛЕКСНЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СИНТЕТИЧНИХ ПІДХОДІВ І СТРУКТУРАЛЬНО-БІОЛОГІЧНИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ 1,2,4-ТРИАЗОЛЬНИХ ПОХІДНИХ
1,2,4-Триазол та його похідні належать до важливого класу азотовмісних гетероциклічних сполук, які привертають значну увагу в органічній, медичній та фармацевтичній хімії. Гетероцикл 1,2,4-триазолу складається з п’ятичленного кільця з трьома атомами Нітрогену, розташованими в положеннях 1, 2 та 4. Така будова зумовлює його високу стабільність, виражені електронодонорні та електроноакцепторні властивості, а також здатність до утворення водневих зв’язків, що значно розширює спектр його можливих застосувань. Похідні 1,2,4-триазолу відомі завдяки широкому діапазону біологічної активності. Серед них присутні речовини з протимікробними, протигрибковими, протитуберкульозними, протизапальними, протисудомними та протипухлинними властивостями. Багато фармакологічно активних препаратів, що містять триазольний фрагмент, уже застосовуються у клінічній практиці. Наприклад, триазолові антимікотики (флуконазол, ітраконазол, вориконазол) ефективно інгібують біосинтез ергостеролу у грибів, що забезпечує їхню виражену фунгіцидну дію. Триазольний фрагмент також використовується в структурі противірусних і протипухлинних потенційних агентів, оскільки може модифікувати метаболічну стабільність та біодоступність молекул. З погляду органічного синтезу, 1,2,4-триазоли зручні для функціоналізації, що дозволяє отримувати широкий спектр похідних. Найпоширенішими методами синтезу є циклоконденсація гідразидів кислот з відповідними реагентами, окиснення азолінів, реакції з амідразонами тощо. Варіюючи замісники в кільці, дослідники можуть цілеспрямовано змінювати фізико-хімічні та біологічні властивості сполук, оптимізуючи їхню активність та селективність. Похідні 1,2,4-триазолу знаходять застосування не лише в медицині, а й у сільському господарстві як фунгіциди, гербіциди та регулятори росту рослин. Їхня хімічна стабільність, низька токсичність та висока ефективність роблять їх цінним інструментом у розробці нових пестицидів. Крім того, триазольні сполуки використовуються в матеріалознавстві, зокрема як корозійні інгібітори та компоненти полімерних матеріалів. У огляді представлено систематичне узагальнення сучасних синтетичних підходів до одержання похідних 1,2,4-триазолу, а також їхніх структурних особливостей і біологічної активності. Проаналізовано ключові методи формування триазольного кільця, модифікації на різних етапах синтезу та тенденції у створенні нових функціонально-залежних дериватів. Особливу увагу приділено зв’язку між структурою сполук і їхніми фармакологічними властивостями. Узагальнено дані про перспективність 1,2,4-триазольних систем як базових платформ для дизайну біологічно активних молекул. Підкреслено багатобічну перспективність 1,2,4-триазольної системи, яка завдяки стабільності, хімічній гнучкості та здатності до тонкого структурного налаштування є універсальною платформою для дизайну нових біологічно активних молекул. Огляд підкреслює важливість подальших досліджень у галузі медичної хімії з метою створення високоефективних та селективних препаратів на основі триазольного фрагмента.
- Open Access
- 25 October 2024
- Published by Private Company Technology Center in Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies
- Vol. 5 (1 (131)) , 83-90
Determining the force parameters of the working process to clean the udder nipples of cows
The object of this study is the force parameters of the working process when cleaning the udder nipples of cows from contamination. Failure to provide adequate care for a cow, especially concerning its udder, could lead to significant health and productivity problems. On the other hand, utilizing modern tools, devices, and materials could improve the sanitary and hygienic conditions for milking cows and udder care, thus leading to better overall outcomes. As part of the research, mathematical expressions were derived theoretically, allowing the determination of the force parameters of the working process for cleaning cows’ udders from contamination by expanding the range of the device’s functional characteristics. Distinctive features of the results regarding the solution to this problem is evaluation of the elasticity force exerted by the lint bundles on the nipple during the rotation of the brush device’s drum and the circular force generated by the brush lint. The developed algorithm of the work process aimed at cleaning the nipples and udders of cows made it possible to combine a set of clearly defined and sequentially performed operations into a single whole. It has been demonstrated that the efforts required to retain different types of contamination on the skin vary significantly. To objectively determine it, a new device has been designed. Its distinctive features are the precision of measurement and simplicity of operation. Following laboratory testing, it was established that the highest contaminant retention forces were exhibited by solid manure (Fret=40±3.21 N), while the lowest values were observed for sawdust (Fret=19±2.17 N) (p ≤ 0.001). The developments are relevant and could be used at cattle breeding farms of various forms of ownership, the scientific community, and at industrial enterprises manufacturing technological equipment.
- 25 October 2024
- Published by Private Company Technology Center in Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies
- Vol. 5 (1 (131)) , 83-90
Open AccessDetermining the force parameters of the working process to clean the udder nipples of cows
The object of this study is the force parameters of the working process when cleaning the udder nipples of cows from contamination. Failure to provide adequate care for a cow, especially concerning its udder, could lead to significant health and productivity problems. On the other hand, utilizing modern tools, devices, and materials could improve the sanitary and hygienic conditions for milking cows and udder care, thus leading to better overall outcomes. As part of the research, mathematical expressions were derived theoretically, allowing the determination of the force parameters of the working process for cleaning cows’ udders from contamination by expanding the range of the device’s functional characteristics. Distinctive features of the results regarding the solution to this problem is evaluation of the elasticity force exerted by the lint bundles on the nipple during the rotation of the brush device’s drum and the circular force generated by the brush lint. The developed algorithm of the work process aimed at cleaning the nipples and udders of cows made it possible to combine a set of clearly defined and sequentially performed operations into a single whole. It has been demonstrated that the efforts required to retain different types of contamination on the skin vary significantly. To objectively determine it, a new device has been designed. Its distinctive features are the precision of measurement and simplicity of operation. Following laboratory testing, it was established that the highest contaminant retention forces were exhibited by solid manure (Fret=40±3.21 N), while the lowest values were observed for sawdust (Fret=19±2.17 N) (p ≤ 0.001). The developments are relevant and could be used at cattle breeding farms of various forms of ownership, the scientific community, and at industrial enterprises manufacturing technological equipment.
- Open Access
- 5 September 2023
- Published by Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv in Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Series: Veterinary Sciences
- Vol. 25 (111) , 114-118
Study of Aspir-35 toxicity
Preclinical research on veterinary pharmaceuticals is crucial and required when creating new dosage forms. Preclinical research aims to ascertain the test substance's therapeutic efficacy, toxicity, future dose form, impact on the body's fundamental systems, and identification of potential side effects. The objective of this study was to assess the potential toxicity of Aspir-35 following short- and longer-term exposure in rats. The acute toxicity of the drug was studied on 30 white mice weighing 18–20.5 g and 15 white rats weighing 180–215 g. The animals were kept in a vivarium in accordance with sanitary rules and on a standard diet taken in the vivarium using compound feed. The drug “Aspir-35” was administered to rats and mice once in the morning on an empty stomach orally through a probe with a cannula in doses of 1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg of body weight. Animal feeding was started two hours after drug administration. The study of the toxicity of the drug “Aspir-35” during long-term subcutaneous administration was studied on rats with an initial body weight of 180–230 g divided according to the principle of analogues into two groups of 6 heads each. The animals were kept in similar conditions as in the study of the acute toxicity of the drug. The drug “Aspir-35” was administered to the rats of the experimental group subcutaneously daily for 18 days at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg of body weight. The drug “Aspir-35” did not cause the death of experimental rats and mice when administered once orally in doses of 1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg of body weight. On this basis, the drug “Aspir-35” can be attributed to the 4th class of danger according to the International Standard GOST 12.1.007-76, or to category 5 according to the International Global Classification of the Global Harmonized System, (GHS), since the LD50 of the drug “Aspir-35” when taken orally will exceed 5000 mg/kg of body weight. The drug “Aspir-35” in a dose of 0.5 ml/kg of body weight when administered subcutaneously for 18 days did not cause negative and harmful effects on the body of experimental rats, did not affect their growth and development, did not cause changes in the relative weight of internal organs and did not led to changes in hematological indicators in experimental animals. The analysis of the results of the conducted research indicates the relative harmlessness of the potential drug for veterinary medicine and allows us to predict that the drug “Aspir-35” can be classified as a low-risk substance, which justifies the feasibility of its further study and implementation in practice.
- 5 September 2023
- Published by Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv in Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Series: Veterinary Sciences
- Vol. 25 (111) , 114-118
Open AccessStudy of Aspir-35 toxicity
Preclinical research on veterinary pharmaceuticals is crucial and required when creating new dosage forms. Preclinical research aims to ascertain the test substance's therapeutic efficacy, toxicity, future dose form, impact on the body's fundamental systems, and identification of potential side effects. The objective of this study was to assess the potential toxicity of Aspir-35 following short- and longer-term exposure in rats. The acute toxicity of the drug was studied on 30 white mice weighing 18–20.5 g and 15 white rats weighing 180–215 g. The animals were kept in a vivarium in accordance with sanitary rules and on a standard diet taken in the vivarium using compound feed. The drug “Aspir-35” was administered to rats and mice once in the morning on an empty stomach orally through a probe with a cannula in doses of 1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg of body weight. Animal feeding was started two hours after drug administration. The study of the toxicity of the drug “Aspir-35” during long-term subcutaneous administration was studied on rats with an initial body weight of 180–230 g divided according to the principle of analogues into two groups of 6 heads each. The animals were kept in similar conditions as in the study of the acute toxicity of the drug. The drug “Aspir-35” was administered to the rats of the experimental group subcutaneously daily for 18 days at a dose of 0.5 ml/kg of body weight. The drug “Aspir-35” did not cause the death of experimental rats and mice when administered once orally in doses of 1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg of body weight. On this basis, the drug “Aspir-35” can be attributed to the 4th class of danger according to the International Standard GOST 12.1.007-76, or to category 5 according to the International Global Classification of the Global Harmonized System, (GHS), since the LD50 of the drug “Aspir-35” when taken orally will exceed 5000 mg/kg of body weight. The drug “Aspir-35” in a dose of 0.5 ml/kg of body weight when administered subcutaneously for 18 days did not cause negative and harmful effects on the body of experimental rats, did not affect their growth and development, did not cause changes in the relative weight of internal organs and did not led to changes in hematological indicators in experimental animals. The analysis of the results of the conducted research indicates the relative harmlessness of the potential drug for veterinary medicine and allows us to predict that the drug “Aspir-35” can be classified as a low-risk substance, which justifies the feasibility of its further study and implementation in practice.
- 14 December 2022
- Published by Springer Nature in Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins
- Vol. 16 (1) , 138-151
Oral Administration of the Antimicrobial Peptide Mastoparan X Alleviates Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli–Induced Intestinal Inflammation and Regulates the Gut Microbiota
The gut microbiota plays an important role in intestinal immune system development and in driving inflammation. Antibiotic administration for therapeutic purposes causes an imbalance in the gut microbiota. Antimicrobial peptides can regulate the gut microbiota and maintain intestinal homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and regulation of the gut microbiota by the orally administered antimicrobial peptide mastoparan X (MPX). In this study, Escherichia coli was used to induce intestinal inflammation, and the results showed that MPX+ E. coli alleviated weight loss and intestinal pathological changes in necropsy specimens of E. coli–infected mice. MPX+ E. coli reduced the serum levels of the inflammation-related proteins interleukin-2, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-α, myeloperoxidase, and lactate dehydrogenase on days 7 and 28. Furthermore, MPX+ E. coli increased the length of villi and reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the jejunum and colon post infection. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy results showed that MPX could improve the morphology of jejunum villi and microvilli and increase tight junction protein levels. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of caecal content samples showed that the species diversity and richness were lower in the E. coli–infected group. At the genus level, MPX+ E. coli significantly reduced the abundance of Bacteroidales and Alistipes and enhanced the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae. Alpha-diversity analyses (Shannon index) showed that MPX significantly increased the microbial diversity of mice. Overall, this study is the first to investigate the effects of oral administration of MPX on intestinal inflammation and the gut microbiota, providing a new perspective regarding the prevention of enteritis and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis.
- 14 December 2022
- Published by Springer Nature in Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins
- Vol. 16 (1) , 138-151
Oral Administration of the Antimicrobial Peptide Mastoparan X Alleviates Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli–Induced Intestinal Inflammation and Regulates the Gut Microbiota
The gut microbiota plays an important role in intestinal immune system development and in driving inflammation. Antibiotic administration for therapeutic purposes causes an imbalance in the gut microbiota. Antimicrobial peptides can regulate the gut microbiota and maintain intestinal homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and regulation of the gut microbiota by the orally administered antimicrobial peptide mastoparan X (MPX). In this study, Escherichia coli was used to induce intestinal inflammation, and the results showed that MPX+ E. coli alleviated weight loss and intestinal pathological changes in necropsy specimens of E. coli–infected mice. MPX+ E. coli reduced the serum levels of the inflammation-related proteins interleukin-2, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-α, myeloperoxidase, and lactate dehydrogenase on days 7 and 28. Furthermore, MPX+ E. coli increased the length of villi and reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the jejunum and colon post infection. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy results showed that MPX could improve the morphology of jejunum villi and microvilli and increase tight junction protein levels. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of caecal content samples showed that the species diversity and richness were lower in the E. coli–infected group. At the genus level, MPX+ E. coli significantly reduced the abundance of Bacteroidales and Alistipes and enhanced the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae. Alpha-diversity analyses (Shannon index) showed that MPX significantly increased the microbial diversity of mice. Overall, this study is the first to investigate the effects of oral administration of MPX on intestinal inflammation and the gut microbiota, providing a new perspective regarding the prevention of enteritis and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis.
- Open Access
A Novel Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay for Rapid and Simultaneous Detection of Aflatoxin B1 and Zearalenone in Food and Feed Samples Based on Highly Sensitive and Specific Monoclonal Antibodies
Simultaneous aflatoxin (AFB1) and zearalenone (ZEN) contamination in agro-products have become widespread globally and have a toxic superposition effect. In the present study, we describe a highly sensitive and specific dual lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (dual test strip) for rapid and simultaneous detection of AFB1 and ZEN in food and feed samples based on respective monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Two immunogens AFB1-BSA (an AFB1 and bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugate) and ZEN-BSA (a ZEN and BSA conjugate) were synthesized in oximation active ester (OAE) and amino glutaraldehyde (AGA). The molecular binding ratio of AFB1:BSA was 8.64:1, and that of ZEN:BSA was 17.2:1, identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and an ultraviolet spectrometer (UV). The hybridoma cell lines 2A11, 2F6, and 3G2 for AFB1 and 2B6, 4D9 for ZEN were filtered by an indirect non-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (inELISA) and an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA), respectively. As AFB1 mAb 2A11 and ZEN mAb 2B6 had the lowest 50% inhibitive concentration (IC50) and cross-reactivity (CR), they were selected for subsequent experiments. By systematically optimizing the preparation condition of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), AuNPs-labeled mAbs, and detection condition, the visual limit of detection (LOD) of the dual test strip was 1.0 μg/L for AFB1 and 5.0 μg/L for ZEN, whereas that of the test strip reader was 0.23 μg/L for AFB1 and 1.53 μg/L for ZEN. The high reproducibility and stability of the dual test were verified using mycotoxin-spiked samples. The dual test strips were highly specific and sensitive for AFB1 and ZEN, which were validated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Thus, the proposed AFB1 and ZEN dual test strip is suitable for rapid and simultaneous detection of AFB1 and ZEN contamination in food and feed samples.
Open AccessA Novel Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay for Rapid and Simultaneous Detection of Aflatoxin B1 and Zearalenone in Food and Feed Samples Based on Highly Sensitive and Specific Monoclonal Antibodies
Simultaneous aflatoxin (AFB1) and zearalenone (ZEN) contamination in agro-products have become widespread globally and have a toxic superposition effect. In the present study, we describe a highly sensitive and specific dual lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (dual test strip) for rapid and simultaneous detection of AFB1 and ZEN in food and feed samples based on respective monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Two immunogens AFB1-BSA (an AFB1 and bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugate) and ZEN-BSA (a ZEN and BSA conjugate) were synthesized in oximation active ester (OAE) and amino glutaraldehyde (AGA). The molecular binding ratio of AFB1:BSA was 8.64:1, and that of ZEN:BSA was 17.2:1, identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and an ultraviolet spectrometer (UV). The hybridoma cell lines 2A11, 2F6, and 3G2 for AFB1 and 2B6, 4D9 for ZEN were filtered by an indirect non-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (inELISA) and an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA), respectively. As AFB1 mAb 2A11 and ZEN mAb 2B6 had the lowest 50% inhibitive concentration (IC50) and cross-reactivity (CR), they were selected for subsequent experiments. By systematically optimizing the preparation condition of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), AuNPs-labeled mAbs, and detection condition, the visual limit of detection (LOD) of the dual test strip was 1.0 μg/L for AFB1 and 5.0 μg/L for ZEN, whereas that of the test strip reader was 0.23 μg/L for AFB1 and 1.53 μg/L for ZEN. The high reproducibility and stability of the dual test were verified using mycotoxin-spiked samples. The dual test strips were highly specific and sensitive for AFB1 and ZEN, which were validated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Thus, the proposed AFB1 and ZEN dual test strip is suitable for rapid and simultaneous detection of AFB1 and ZEN contamination in food and feed samples.
- Open Access
- 16 July 2022
- Published by Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv in Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Series: Veterinary Sciences
- Vol. 24 (106) , 3-9
Development of methods for prevention of cryptosporidiosis of calves
Cryptosporidiosis of calves, caused by the parasite Cryptosporidium parvum, is a dangerous disease for calves for up to one month. Sick animals suffer from debilitating diarrhea, intoxication, and dehydration, which can lead to death. Currently, effective preventive and curative measures have not been developed. Therefore, new strategies for preventing cryptosporidiosis in cattle are being sought. The study was conducted on the farm for raising young cattle in Holstein LTD agricultural firm “Lan” Sumy region in February 2021. The circulating microflora in the calf and the clinical condition of the animals were determined. The first experimental group of calves used the antimicrobial agent Trimeratinvet powder (water-soluble powder for oral administration). In the second experimental group, calves were fed the acidifier Kronocid L. As a control, healthy calves were used, which received a regular diet. Conducted a study of fecal masses of calves from birth to one month. The presence of Cryptosporidium spp. in fecal masses of calves was determined microscopically and by nested polymerase chain reaction. The count of microorganisms was performed after cultivation on elective media and determined the number of colony-forming units in CFU/cm3. The EXPERTISTM Rainbow diagnostic kit was used to diagnose Rotavirus and Coronavirus. Studies have shown that Cryptosporidium in calves under one month of age is the most common cause of diarrhea (42 %). Acidifier Kronocid L and Trimeratinvet inhibited the reproduction of cryptosporidia by stopping sporulation. Acidifier at a pH of 4.5 penetrated the oocyst's shell, causing cytoplasm compression. At 60 minutes of exposure, Kronocid L reduced the possibility of sporulation and destroyed 90 % of treated oocysts, which is 20 % more than the antimicrobial agent Trimeratinvet. In the experimental group using Trimeratinvet, the onset of chewing occurred later than eight days compared to the control group and with Kronocid L. Calves of the experimental groups had an average weight gain during the month with Trimeratinvet less by 20.8 % (P ≤ 0.05), with Kronocid L – by 14.3 % compared to healthy. Prospects for further research are to determine the effect of Cronocid L and other species of Cryptosporidium in adult cattle.
- 16 July 2022
- Published by Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv in Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Series: Veterinary Sciences
- Vol. 24 (106) , 3-9
Open AccessDevelopment of methods for prevention of cryptosporidiosis of calves
Cryptosporidiosis of calves, caused by the parasite Cryptosporidium parvum, is a dangerous disease for calves for up to one month. Sick animals suffer from debilitating diarrhea, intoxication, and dehydration, which can lead to death. Currently, effective preventive and curative measures have not been developed. Therefore, new strategies for preventing cryptosporidiosis in cattle are being sought. The study was conducted on the farm for raising young cattle in Holstein LTD agricultural firm “Lan” Sumy region in February 2021. The circulating microflora in the calf and the clinical condition of the animals were determined. The first experimental group of calves used the antimicrobial agent Trimeratinvet powder (water-soluble powder for oral administration). In the second experimental group, calves were fed the acidifier Kronocid L. As a control, healthy calves were used, which received a regular diet. Conducted a study of fecal masses of calves from birth to one month. The presence of Cryptosporidium spp. in fecal masses of calves was determined microscopically and by nested polymerase chain reaction. The count of microorganisms was performed after cultivation on elective media and determined the number of colony-forming units in CFU/cm3. The EXPERTISTM Rainbow diagnostic kit was used to diagnose Rotavirus and Coronavirus. Studies have shown that Cryptosporidium in calves under one month of age is the most common cause of diarrhea (42 %). Acidifier Kronocid L and Trimeratinvet inhibited the reproduction of cryptosporidia by stopping sporulation. Acidifier at a pH of 4.5 penetrated the oocyst's shell, causing cytoplasm compression. At 60 minutes of exposure, Kronocid L reduced the possibility of sporulation and destroyed 90 % of treated oocysts, which is 20 % more than the antimicrobial agent Trimeratinvet. In the experimental group using Trimeratinvet, the onset of chewing occurred later than eight days compared to the control group and with Kronocid L. Calves of the experimental groups had an average weight gain during the month with Trimeratinvet less by 20.8 % (P ≤ 0.05), with Kronocid L – by 14.3 % compared to healthy. Prospects for further research are to determine the effect of Cronocid L and other species of Cryptosporidium in adult cattle.
- Open Access
- 29 June 2022
- Published by Publishing House Helvetica (Publications) in Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The series: Veterinary Medicine
- No. 1 (56),p. 51-57
ВПЛИВ BACILLUS SUBTILIS НА ПОРОСЯТ НА ВІДЛУЧЕННІ
Інтенсивне вирощування свиней призводить до погіршення санітарно-гігієнічних умов утримання. Крім того, виробничі стреси сприяють зниженню резистентності організму тварин. Прорив імунітету відображається на збільшенні випадків інфекційних захворювань серед молодняку. Для запобігання невиправданого використання антибіотиків та покращення імунної відповіді у поросят були проведені випробування пробіотичних штамів Bacillus subtilis у господарстві з розведення свиней «Інституту сільського господарства Північного Сходу» НААН України з жовтня по листопад місяць 2021 року. Об’єктом досліджень були поросята (до 30 діб) на дорощуванні породи Ландрас + Велика. Пробіотичні штами бактерій родів Bacillus subtilis Wogene, Bacillus subtilis Hanzhou VEGA, Bacillus subtilis Hansen та Bacillus subtilis Challenge задавали поросятам з розрахунку 0,3 кг на тонну води. Вміст бактерій роду Bacillus subtilis КУО/г: 4 - 4,5×109 КУО в 1 г. Умови утримання та відгодівлі у контрольній та досвідчених групах були однаковими. Адгезивні властивості Bacillus subtilis досліджували за методом В.І. Бриліса. Для проведення біохімічного аналізу кров отримували із яремної вени. Вміст загального білка та його фракції визначали за допомогою автоматичного біохімічного аналізатора із застосуванням відповідних діагностичних систем. Дослідженнями встановлено, що найбільший середньодобовий показник приростів спостерігали у групі поросят, де випоювали B. subtilis Chellenge. Різниця між контрольною та дослідними групами становила 2,08 %. Показники метаболізму у поросят у групі з B. subtilis Chellenge мали вищій рівень лізоциму на 14,7 %; γ-глобуліну – на 6,9 % та альбуміну – на 2,9 %, порівняно з контрольною групою тварин. Найбільш високі показники адгезії також мав штам B. subtilis Challenge ІАМ 4,86±0,24. За результатами проведених досліджень встановлений максимально ефективний штам бактерій для використання в даному свинарському господарстві Bacillus subtilis Challenge, який можна застосовувати поросятам як альтернативу антибіотикам. Також було встановлено, що використання Bacillus subtilis в раціоні дослідних тварин покращує метаболізм білка в організмі. Перспективою подальших досліджень у цьому напрямку є визначення механізму дії пробіотиків Bacillus subtilis на ізоляти патогенних мікроорганізмів та визначення лікувального ефекту на свинях.
- 29 June 2022
- Published by Publishing House Helvetica (Publications) in Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The series: Veterinary Medicine
- No. 1 (56),p. 51-57
Open AccessВПЛИВ BACILLUS SUBTILIS НА ПОРОСЯТ НА ВІДЛУЧЕННІ
Інтенсивне вирощування свиней призводить до погіршення санітарно-гігієнічних умов утримання. Крім того, виробничі стреси сприяють зниженню резистентності організму тварин. Прорив імунітету відображається на збільшенні випадків інфекційних захворювань серед молодняку. Для запобігання невиправданого використання антибіотиків та покращення імунної відповіді у поросят були проведені випробування пробіотичних штамів Bacillus subtilis у господарстві з розведення свиней «Інституту сільського господарства Північного Сходу» НААН України з жовтня по листопад місяць 2021 року. Об’єктом досліджень були поросята (до 30 діб) на дорощуванні породи Ландрас + Велика. Пробіотичні штами бактерій родів Bacillus subtilis Wogene, Bacillus subtilis Hanzhou VEGA, Bacillus subtilis Hansen та Bacillus subtilis Challenge задавали поросятам з розрахунку 0,3 кг на тонну води. Вміст бактерій роду Bacillus subtilis КУО/г: 4 - 4,5×109 КУО в 1 г. Умови утримання та відгодівлі у контрольній та досвідчених групах були однаковими. Адгезивні властивості Bacillus subtilis досліджували за методом В.І. Бриліса. Для проведення біохімічного аналізу кров отримували із яремної вени. Вміст загального білка та його фракції визначали за допомогою автоматичного біохімічного аналізатора із застосуванням відповідних діагностичних систем. Дослідженнями встановлено, що найбільший середньодобовий показник приростів спостерігали у групі поросят, де випоювали B. subtilis Chellenge. Різниця між контрольною та дослідними групами становила 2,08 %. Показники метаболізму у поросят у групі з B. subtilis Chellenge мали вищій рівень лізоциму на 14,7 %; γ-глобуліну – на 6,9 % та альбуміну – на 2,9 %, порівняно з контрольною групою тварин. Найбільш високі показники адгезії також мав штам B. subtilis Challenge ІАМ 4,86±0,24. За результатами проведених досліджень встановлений максимально ефективний штам бактерій для використання в даному свинарському господарстві Bacillus subtilis Challenge, який можна застосовувати поросятам як альтернативу антибіотикам. Також було встановлено, що використання Bacillus subtilis в раціоні дослідних тварин покращує метаболізм білка в організмі. Перспективою подальших досліджень у цьому напрямку є визначення механізму дії пробіотиків Bacillus subtilis на ізоляти патогенних мікроорганізмів та визначення лікувального ефекту на свинях.