Sarah Keller
Current Organizations / Institutes
The organizations/institutes from the scholar's latest article
Previous Organizations / Institutes
The organizations / institutes from the scholar's other articles in the past ten years
Sarah Keller has a total of 146 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:
- Jin Yamamura
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE)
16 shared publications Gerhard Adam
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
8 shared publications- Isabel Molwitz
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
7 shared publications Jin Yamamura
University Medicine Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
6 shared publications- Avan Kader
Department of Radiology Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt – Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
5 shared publications - Bernd Hamm
European Radiology, European Society of Radiology, Vienna, Austria
5 shared publications
Latest Publications
- 25 October 2025
- Published by Springer Nature
- p. 117-122
Gender Differences in Diagnostic Radiology Practice: Impact on Work Quality and Team Diversity
- 25 October 2025
- Published by Springer Nature
- p. 117-122
Gender Differences in Diagnostic Radiology Practice: Impact on Work Quality and Team Diversity
- 25 October 2025
- Published by Springer Nature
- p. 53-62
Career Prospects in Clinical Radiology, Areas of Interest, and Barriers to Advancement
- 25 October 2025
- Published by Springer Nature
- p. 53-62
Career Prospects in Clinical Radiology, Areas of Interest, and Barriers to Advancement
- 25 October 2025
- Published by Springer Nature
- p. 33-40
Research and Publications: An International Comparison of Female Representation
- 25 October 2025
- Published by Springer Nature
- p. 33-40
Research and Publications: An International Comparison of Female Representation
- 25 October 2025
- Published by Springer Nature
- p. 3-10
Research and Publications in Diagnostic Radiology
- 25 October 2025
- Published by Springer Nature
- p. 23-31
Research and Publications: Do Interdisciplinary Differences Exist?
- 25 October 2025
- Published by Springer Nature
- p. 23-31
Research and Publications: Do Interdisciplinary Differences Exist?
- 25 October 2025
- Published by Springer Nature
- p. 11-21
Gender Disparities in Radiology Subspecialties: Research, Academic Publications, and Opportunities for Improvement
- 25 October 2025
- Published by Springer Nature
- p. 11-21
Gender Disparities in Radiology Subspecialties: Research, Academic Publications, and Opportunities for Improvement
- 1 January 2024
- Published by Georg Thieme Verlag KG in RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren
- Vol. 196 (01) , 15
Kommentar zu „JUNGES FORUM – Frauen in der Radiologie“
Bereits 2018 publiziert, ist der Artikel von Lucy B. Spalluto et al. weiterhin relevant und hochaktuell: In den vergangenen 5 Jahren hat sich wenig an der Geschlechterdisparität in der klinischen und akademischen Medizin verändert. Während auch in Deutschland über die Hälfte der Medizinstudierenden weiblich ist und Universitätsabsolventinnen mit gleichen Ambitionen, Ehrgeiz und Fleiß in ihre medizinische Weiterbildung starten, nimmt der Anteil an Ärztinnen ab je höher die Hierarchieebene und Statusgruppe. Radiologie, ein traditionell männerdominiertes Fach steht im interdisziplinären Vergleich in puncto Geschlechterparität im unteren Mittelfeld – einer aktualisierten Erhebung des Deutschen Ärztinnenbundes zufolge sind nur 15% aller Klinikdirektorien und ca. 35% aller oberärztlichen Stellen an medizinischen Fakultäten weiblich besetzt [1]. Spalluto et al. empfehlen die Einstellung und Bindung von Frauen zu priorisieren und ein unterstützendes Umfeld zu fördern. Bias-freie und inklusive Einstellungs- und Beförderungsprozesse könnten demnach die Geschlechtervielfalt verbessern. Lassen sich viele der Empfehlungen des auf amerikanischen Verhältnissen basierenden Artikels auch auf den Deutschen Kontext anwenden, so spielt der Verlust an qualifizierten Radiologinnen im Verlauf der klinisch-akademischen Karriere, vor allem in den ambulanten Sektor, sicher eine entscheidendere Rolle als die fehlende Attraktivität der radiologischen Weiterbildung. Denn der Anteil an Ärztinnen, die in den vergangenen Jahren ihre Facharztqualifikation in der diagnostischen Radiologie erhielten, lag 2021 bei 44% und ist im Jahr 2022 – fraglich pandemiebedingt – auf 41% gesunken [2]. Gerade in der akademischen Medizin ist die geschlechterneutrale und inklusive Förderung von Weiterbildungsassistent*innen während ihrer klinischen Ausbildung von größter Bedeutung, um mehr Ärztinnen in Leitungs- und Lehrstuhlebene zu bringen. Dazu gehört ein lebendiges Mentoring bei wissenschaftlichen Projekten ebenso, wie die objektive Beratung bei wichtigen Karriereentscheidungen, u.v.m. Nicht nur die Forschungsprojektplanung profitiert von Entscheidungsträgerinnen, die mit unterschiedlichen Perspektiven und Herangehensweisen für eine größere Diversität sorgen [3], sondern auch der weibliche akademische Nachwuchs. Denn obwohl Frauen, die in diesen Funktionen schon Seltenheitswert haben, als Mentorinnen nicht bevorzugt werden, fungieren sie als Role-Models und können wesentliche Fragen, z.B. zur Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Karriere, aus einem genderspezifischen Blickwinkel beantworten [4]. Ein weiterer wichtiger Punkt im o.g. Artikel für Weiterbildungsassistent*innen als auch Oberärzt*innen oder Direktor*innen ist die individualisierte Vereinbarkeit von akademischer Karriere und Familienplanung, beginnend bei der Umsetzung des Mutterschutzes bis hin zur flexiblen Arbeitszeitmodellen und Job Sharing. Personalentscheidungen sollten transparent, inklusiv und frei von Bias sein. Diskriminierung aufgrund von Elternzeit oder der Annahme, dass eine Familienplanung bevorsteht beziehungsweise noch nicht abgeschlossen ist, als auch unflexible Dienstmodelle, reduzieren Aufstiegsmöglichkeiten gerade für Ärztinnen, sodass sie sich für eine Fortsetzung der Karriere im ambulanten Sektor entscheiden. Die Empfehlungen des Artikels liefern sicher einen wichtigen Richtwert für medizinische Abteilungen und deren Führungskultur, es bleibt jedoch zu betonen, dass die Förderung von Frauen auch stark von der politischen Kultur einer Gesellschaft abhängt. Nicht nur die Coronapandemie, sondern auch die jüngste Debatte über die Senkung der Einkommenshöchstgrenzen für Elterngeldanträge führt uns eindrücklich vor Augen, wie fragil staatliche Ressourcen zur Unterstützung von Familien in Deutschland sind. Die daraus resultierenden Konsequenzen gehen häufig zu Lasten von berufstätigen Frauen und Akademikerinnen [5]. Article published online: 01 January 2024 © 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
- 1 January 2024
- Published by Georg Thieme Verlag KG in RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren
- Vol. 196 (01) , 15
Kommentar zu „JUNGES FORUM – Frauen in der Radiologie“
Bereits 2018 publiziert, ist der Artikel von Lucy B. Spalluto et al. weiterhin relevant und hochaktuell: In den vergangenen 5 Jahren hat sich wenig an der Geschlechterdisparität in der klinischen und akademischen Medizin verändert. Während auch in Deutschland über die Hälfte der Medizinstudierenden weiblich ist und Universitätsabsolventinnen mit gleichen Ambitionen, Ehrgeiz und Fleiß in ihre medizinische Weiterbildung starten, nimmt der Anteil an Ärztinnen ab je höher die Hierarchieebene und Statusgruppe. Radiologie, ein traditionell männerdominiertes Fach steht im interdisziplinären Vergleich in puncto Geschlechterparität im unteren Mittelfeld – einer aktualisierten Erhebung des Deutschen Ärztinnenbundes zufolge sind nur 15% aller Klinikdirektorien und ca. 35% aller oberärztlichen Stellen an medizinischen Fakultäten weiblich besetzt [1]. Spalluto et al. empfehlen die Einstellung und Bindung von Frauen zu priorisieren und ein unterstützendes Umfeld zu fördern. Bias-freie und inklusive Einstellungs- und Beförderungsprozesse könnten demnach die Geschlechtervielfalt verbessern. Lassen sich viele der Empfehlungen des auf amerikanischen Verhältnissen basierenden Artikels auch auf den Deutschen Kontext anwenden, so spielt der Verlust an qualifizierten Radiologinnen im Verlauf der klinisch-akademischen Karriere, vor allem in den ambulanten Sektor, sicher eine entscheidendere Rolle als die fehlende Attraktivität der radiologischen Weiterbildung. Denn der Anteil an Ärztinnen, die in den vergangenen Jahren ihre Facharztqualifikation in der diagnostischen Radiologie erhielten, lag 2021 bei 44% und ist im Jahr 2022 – fraglich pandemiebedingt – auf 41% gesunken [2]. Gerade in der akademischen Medizin ist die geschlechterneutrale und inklusive Förderung von Weiterbildungsassistent*innen während ihrer klinischen Ausbildung von größter Bedeutung, um mehr Ärztinnen in Leitungs- und Lehrstuhlebene zu bringen. Dazu gehört ein lebendiges Mentoring bei wissenschaftlichen Projekten ebenso, wie die objektive Beratung bei wichtigen Karriereentscheidungen, u.v.m. Nicht nur die Forschungsprojektplanung profitiert von Entscheidungsträgerinnen, die mit unterschiedlichen Perspektiven und Herangehensweisen für eine größere Diversität sorgen [3], sondern auch der weibliche akademische Nachwuchs. Denn obwohl Frauen, die in diesen Funktionen schon Seltenheitswert haben, als Mentorinnen nicht bevorzugt werden, fungieren sie als Role-Models und können wesentliche Fragen, z.B. zur Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Karriere, aus einem genderspezifischen Blickwinkel beantworten [4]. Ein weiterer wichtiger Punkt im o.g. Artikel für Weiterbildungsassistent*innen als auch Oberärzt*innen oder Direktor*innen ist die individualisierte Vereinbarkeit von akademischer Karriere und Familienplanung, beginnend bei der Umsetzung des Mutterschutzes bis hin zur flexiblen Arbeitszeitmodellen und Job Sharing. Personalentscheidungen sollten transparent, inklusiv und frei von Bias sein. Diskriminierung aufgrund von Elternzeit oder der Annahme, dass eine Familienplanung bevorsteht beziehungsweise noch nicht abgeschlossen ist, als auch unflexible Dienstmodelle, reduzieren Aufstiegsmöglichkeiten gerade für Ärztinnen, sodass sie sich für eine Fortsetzung der Karriere im ambulanten Sektor entscheiden. Die Empfehlungen des Artikels liefern sicher einen wichtigen Richtwert für medizinische Abteilungen und deren Führungskultur, es bleibt jedoch zu betonen, dass die Förderung von Frauen auch stark von der politischen Kultur einer Gesellschaft abhängt. Nicht nur die Coronapandemie, sondern auch die jüngste Debatte über die Senkung der Einkommenshöchstgrenzen für Elterngeldanträge führt uns eindrücklich vor Augen, wie fragil staatliche Ressourcen zur Unterstützung von Familien in Deutschland sind. Die daraus resultierenden Konsequenzen gehen häufig zu Lasten von berufstätigen Frauen und Akademikerinnen [5]. Article published online: 01 January 2024 © 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
- Open Access
- 1 October 2023
- Published by SAGE Publications in Acta Radiologica Open
- Vol. 12 (10)
Mapping gender and geographic diversity in artificial intelligence research: Editor representation in leading computer science journals
Background: The growing role of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, particularly radiology, requires its unbiased and fair development and implementation, starting with the constitution of the scientific community. Purpose: To examine the gender and country distribution among academic editors in leading computer science and AI journals. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed the gender and country distribution among editors-in-chief, senior, and associate editors in all 75 Q1 computer science and AI journals in the Clarivate Journal Citations Report and SCImago Journal Ranking 2022. Gender was determined using an open-source algorithm (Gender Guesser™), selecting the gender with the highest calibrated probability. Result: Among 4,948 editorial board members, women were underrepresented in all positions (editors-in-chief/senior editors/associate editors: 14%/18%/17%). The proportion of women correlated positively with the SCImago Journal Rank indicator (ρ = 0.329; p = .004). The U.S., the U.K., and China comprised 50% of editors, while Australia, Finland, Estonia, Denmark, the Netherlands, the U.K., Switzerland, and Slovenia had the highest women editor representation per million women population. Conclusion: Our results highlight gender and geographic disparities on leading computer science and AI journal editorial boards, with women being underrepresented in all positions and a disproportional relationship between the Global North and South.
- 1 October 2023
- Published by SAGE Publications in Acta Radiologica Open
- Vol. 12 (10)
Open AccessMapping gender and geographic diversity in artificial intelligence research: Editor representation in leading computer science journals
Background: The growing role of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, particularly radiology, requires its unbiased and fair development and implementation, starting with the constitution of the scientific community. Purpose: To examine the gender and country distribution among academic editors in leading computer science and AI journals. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed the gender and country distribution among editors-in-chief, senior, and associate editors in all 75 Q1 computer science and AI journals in the Clarivate Journal Citations Report and SCImago Journal Ranking 2022. Gender was determined using an open-source algorithm (Gender Guesser™), selecting the gender with the highest calibrated probability. Result: Among 4,948 editorial board members, women were underrepresented in all positions (editors-in-chief/senior editors/associate editors: 14%/18%/17%). The proportion of women correlated positively with the SCImago Journal Rank indicator (ρ = 0.329; p = .004). The U.S., the U.K., and China comprised 50% of editors, while Australia, Finland, Estonia, Denmark, the Netherlands, the U.K., Switzerland, and Slovenia had the highest women editor representation per million women population. Conclusion: Our results highlight gender and geographic disparities on leading computer science and AI journal editorial boards, with women being underrepresented in all positions and a disproportional relationship between the Global North and South.
- Open Access
- 10 March 2023
- Published by Springer Nature in European Radiology
- Vol. 33 (8) , 5664-5674
Work expectations, their fulfillment, and exhaustion among radiologists of all career levels: what can be learned from the example of Germany
Objectives: To evaluate work expectations of radiologists at different career levels, their fulfillment, prevalence of exhaustion, and exhaustion-associated factors. Methods: A standardized digital questionnaire was distributed internationally to radiologists of all career levels in the hospital and in ambulatory care via radiological societies and sent manually to 4500 radiologists of the largest German hospitals between December 2020 and April 2021. Statistics were based on age- and gender-adjusted regression analyses of respondents working in Germany (510 out of 594 total respondents). Results: The most frequent expectations were “joy at work” (97%) and a “good working atmosphere” (97%), which were considered fulfilled by at least 78%. The expectation of a “structured residency within the regular time interval” (79%) was more frequently judged fulfilled by senior physicians (83%, odds ratio (OR) 4.31 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.95–9.52]), chief physicians (85%, 6.81 [95% CI 1.91–24.29]), and radiologists outside the hospital (88%, 7.59 [95% CI 2.40–24.03]) than by residents (68%). Exhaustion was most common among residents (physical exhaustion: 38%; emotional exhaustion: 36%), in-hospital specialists (29%; 38%), and senior physicians (30%; 29%). In contrast to paid extra hours, unpaid extra hours were associated with physical exhaustion (5–10 extra hours: OR 2.54 [95% CI 1.54–4.19]). Fewer opportunities to shape the work environment were related to a higher probability of physical (2.03 [95% CI 1.32–3.13]) and emotional (2.15 [95% CI 1.39–3.33]) exhaustion. Conclusions: While most radiologists enjoy their work, residents wish for more training structure. Ensuring payment of extra hours and employee empowerment may help preventing burnout in high-risk groups. Key Points: • Most important work expectations of radiologists who work in Germany are “joy at work,” a “good working atmosphere,” “support for further qualification,” and a “structured residency within the regular time interval,” with the latter containing potential for improvement according to residents. • Physical and emotional exhaustion are common at all career levels except for chief physicians and for radiologists who work outside the hospital in ambulatory care. • Exhaustion as a major burnout criterion is associated with unpaid extra hours and reduced opportunities to shape the work environment.
- 10 March 2023
- Published by Springer Nature in European Radiology
- Vol. 33 (8) , 5664-5674
Open AccessWork expectations, their fulfillment, and exhaustion among radiologists of all career levels: what can be learned from the example of Germany
Objectives: To evaluate work expectations of radiologists at different career levels, their fulfillment, prevalence of exhaustion, and exhaustion-associated factors. Methods: A standardized digital questionnaire was distributed internationally to radiologists of all career levels in the hospital and in ambulatory care via radiological societies and sent manually to 4500 radiologists of the largest German hospitals between December 2020 and April 2021. Statistics were based on age- and gender-adjusted regression analyses of respondents working in Germany (510 out of 594 total respondents). Results: The most frequent expectations were “joy at work” (97%) and a “good working atmosphere” (97%), which were considered fulfilled by at least 78%. The expectation of a “structured residency within the regular time interval” (79%) was more frequently judged fulfilled by senior physicians (83%, odds ratio (OR) 4.31 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.95–9.52]), chief physicians (85%, 6.81 [95% CI 1.91–24.29]), and radiologists outside the hospital (88%, 7.59 [95% CI 2.40–24.03]) than by residents (68%). Exhaustion was most common among residents (physical exhaustion: 38%; emotional exhaustion: 36%), in-hospital specialists (29%; 38%), and senior physicians (30%; 29%). In contrast to paid extra hours, unpaid extra hours were associated with physical exhaustion (5–10 extra hours: OR 2.54 [95% CI 1.54–4.19]). Fewer opportunities to shape the work environment were related to a higher probability of physical (2.03 [95% CI 1.32–3.13]) and emotional (2.15 [95% CI 1.39–3.33]) exhaustion. Conclusions: While most radiologists enjoy their work, residents wish for more training structure. Ensuring payment of extra hours and employee empowerment may help preventing burnout in high-risk groups. Key Points: • Most important work expectations of radiologists who work in Germany are “joy at work,” a “good working atmosphere,” “support for further qualification,” and a “structured residency within the regular time interval,” with the latter containing potential for improvement according to residents. • Physical and emotional exhaustion are common at all career levels except for chief physicians and for radiologists who work outside the hospital in ambulatory care. • Exhaustion as a major burnout criterion is associated with unpaid extra hours and reduced opportunities to shape the work environment.
- Open Access
- 27 January 2023
- Published by Springer Nature in BMC Medical Education
- Vol. 23 (1) , 1-9
Gender differences and cooperation in medical authorships - an analysis of the recent ten years in five key medical disciplines
Background: Career prospects in academic medicine are strongly linked to scientific authorship and this marker has been widely used as an indicator of gender equity in academia. However, direct comparisons of medical disciplines regarding their proportion of female physicians (FP) in different countries are missing. This study examines the gender parity and gender cooperation using first authorships (FA) and senior authorships (SA) of scientific publications in five medical disciplines and six different OECD countries over a 10-year time-trend. Methods: Articles from three high-impact journals in each of the medical discipline radiology, urology, surgery, gynecology, and pediatrics from the years 2007/8 and 2017/18 were retrospectively reviewed. The gender and affiliation location of the FA and SA of original research articles and reviews were assigned and compared with the proportion of in each discipline for the United States of America, Canada, United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Japan. Mantel-Haenszel test and multinomial logistic regression models were used to calculate differences in proportions of women authors and FP and to assess trends and proportions of FA and SA. Results: 30,803 articles were evaluated. Equally, with rising proportions of FP in all disciplines, the number of women authors increased across years. The shares of women FAs were either significantly higher (urology/surgery/gynecology) or balanced (pediatrics/radiology) compared to the proportion of FP. In contrast, the shares of women SA were balanced only in disciplines with a low proportion of FP (urology and surgery) and otherwise reduced. Women same-gender cooperation was as common as men same-gender cooperation and preferred over a women-led mixed gender cooperation in disciplines where this seemed to be practicable due to the high proportions of FP. Conclusion: In contrast to FA, a significant disparity persists in SA, particularly in disciplines with a high proportion of FP. The discrepancy between FA and SA may reflect, among others, dropout from an academic career in early or mid-academic levels, for example, due to structural inequality; together with the findings on gender preference in authorship collaborations, this may inform future strategies for promoting equal career advancement for women physicians.
- 27 January 2023
- Published by Springer Nature in BMC Medical Education
- Vol. 23 (1) , 1-9
Open AccessGender differences and cooperation in medical authorships - an analysis of the recent ten years in five key medical disciplines
Background: Career prospects in academic medicine are strongly linked to scientific authorship and this marker has been widely used as an indicator of gender equity in academia. However, direct comparisons of medical disciplines regarding their proportion of female physicians (FP) in different countries are missing. This study examines the gender parity and gender cooperation using first authorships (FA) and senior authorships (SA) of scientific publications in five medical disciplines and six different OECD countries over a 10-year time-trend. Methods: Articles from three high-impact journals in each of the medical discipline radiology, urology, surgery, gynecology, and pediatrics from the years 2007/8 and 2017/18 were retrospectively reviewed. The gender and affiliation location of the FA and SA of original research articles and reviews were assigned and compared with the proportion of in each discipline for the United States of America, Canada, United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Japan. Mantel-Haenszel test and multinomial logistic regression models were used to calculate differences in proportions of women authors and FP and to assess trends and proportions of FA and SA. Results: 30,803 articles were evaluated. Equally, with rising proportions of FP in all disciplines, the number of women authors increased across years. The shares of women FAs were either significantly higher (urology/surgery/gynecology) or balanced (pediatrics/radiology) compared to the proportion of FP. In contrast, the shares of women SA were balanced only in disciplines with a low proportion of FP (urology and surgery) and otherwise reduced. Women same-gender cooperation was as common as men same-gender cooperation and preferred over a women-led mixed gender cooperation in disciplines where this seemed to be practicable due to the high proportions of FP. Conclusion: In contrast to FA, a significant disparity persists in SA, particularly in disciplines with a high proportion of FP. The discrepancy between FA and SA may reflect, among others, dropout from an academic career in early or mid-academic levels, for example, due to structural inequality; together with the findings on gender preference in authorship collaborations, this may inform future strategies for promoting equal career advancement for women physicians.