Bruno Lala

Brazil stands out among the largest producers of broilers and soybeans in the world. The amount of soy produced and processed in the country means that any residue from the process is considered to have a great environmental impact. Therefore, an alternative to using soy gum, which is a by-product from oil purification, is necessary. Soy gum is a complex of phosphatides that can function as an emulsifier in animal diets, with poultry farming being a production chain capable of absorbing the amount of soy gum production in the country. Due to the high concentration of lecithin present in soy gum, added to preliminary studies that used it as an alternative emulsifying product in the diet, we can infer that soy gum is indeed a product with emulsifying potential and can be used to facilitate the digestion of lipids by broiler chickens and may even be a viable alternative for the initial phases in which the birds have digestion and absorption interference due to the digestive system not being completely developed.

Esta revisão de literatura examina, de forma crítica e abrangente, as principais pesquisas realizadas na última década acerca da aplicação da inteligência artificial (IA) no manejo de pastagens. O levantamento abrange tanto os fundamentos teóricos de técnicas como machine learning, deep learning e visão computacional quanto as suas aplicações práticas para o monitoramento ambiental, previsão de produtividade e apoio à tomada de decisão em sistemas agropecuários. Ademais, discute-se os desafios enfrentados, as limitações e as tendências emergentes nessa área, com ênfase nas contribuições para a sustentabilidade e a inovação no setor agrícola. A partir dos avanços tecnológicos dos últimos 10 anos, evidencia que, embora existam desafios a serem superados no que diz respeito à qualidade dos dados, aos custos de implementação e à necessidade de capacitação de profissionais, vantagens em termos de sustentabilidade, eficiência e produtividade são inegáveis.

Although fumonisins are identified as responsible for alterations in weight gain, little information is available on their effects on expression of growth-related genes, especially for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. In this study, Nile tilapia fingerlings were treated with increasing levels of fumonisin B₁ (FB₁) and fumonisin B₂ (FB₂) (diets of 0, 20, 40, and 60 mg/kg) to evaluate their effects on weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), feed efficiency (FE), growth hormone receptor (GHR) and insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) mRNA expression in liver of this fish. All variables were evaluated at 15 and 30 days of treatment. Diet containing 0 mg fumonisin/kg was used as control treatment. Treatment with 20, 40, and 60 mg fumonisin/kg of diet significantly reduced WG (PP1 + FB₂) affect the growth of Nile tilapia fingerlings through mechanisms that involve reduction of GHR and IGF-1 expression.