Carmen Rodríguez-Wangüemert

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the associations of self-objectification with intimate partner violence victimization and sexting, assessing the contribution of these variables to women’s mental health across the life course. The study included 6124 Spanish women aged 16 to 85, who were assessed using self-report measures of self-objectification, mental distress, well-being, intimate partner violence victimization, sexting and self-esteem. The results showed that self-objectification decreased with age. However, no differences were found between adolescent and emerging adult women. Self-objectification was positively associated with sexting and intimate partner violence victimization, though the effect sizes of the associations were larger for sexting. Some differences in the effect sizes were also found depending on the self-objectification dimension and life cycle stage. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that greater importance attributed to physical attractiveness was associated with higher mental distress and lower well-being. However, among adolescents and women in emerging adulthood, its association with well-being was no longer statistically significant after self-esteem was entered into the regression model. Intimate partner violence victimization was also associated with higher mental distress and lower well-being, though the association with well-being was no longer statistically significant among adolescents after self-esteem was entered into the regression model. These findings suggest that greater importance attributed to physical attractiveness and intimate partner violence victimization represent risk factors for women’s mental health.

Sexual objectification is the treatment of a person as a body or a collection of body parts that are valued primarily for their sexual appeal. The main purpose of this study was to determine the relevance of sexual objectification to women’s health and well-being across the life cycle, from middle adolescence to old age. Additionally, the relevance of age and education to sexual objectification and its association with traditional gender role attitudes was examined. This study was cross-sectional and the sample consisted of 6112 Spanish women between the ages of 16 and 85, who were assessed using seven questionnaires and scales. The results show that lower age and lower number of children were associated with greater importance of sexual and physical attractiveness and with a more sexualized image, although there were no differences between adolescent and emerging adult women. Greater importance placed on sexual and physical attractiveness, as well as total sexual objectification, was associated with greater mental distress, lower psychological well-being, lower life satisfaction, and lower self-esteem at every life stage. Greater importance placed on sexual and physical attractiveness was associated with more traditional gender role attitudes among all age groups, except for older women. We conclude that sexual objectification is a threat to women’s mental health and well-being.

Increasingly popular mobile instant messaging (MIM) apps allow users to interact anytime and anywhere with different purposes, such as coordinating work-related issues, staying in touch with people they love, or passing the time. But recent research suggests that MIM may create excessive demands on people and become a source of technostress. For example, users may experience communication overload, invasion of their face-to-face activities, pressure to respond to messages with urgency, or ambiguity regarding the intention or tone of their interactions. Building on these ideas, we develop a specific, multidimensional measure of MIM technostress and explore how it relates to different uses. To do so, we use survey data from a diverse sample of 1,259 residents in Spain. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses conducted on different halves of the sample supported a four-dimensional, second-level construct of MIM stress. Furthermore, structural equation model results suggest that not all uses are equally associated with MIM stress. Relatedness and intimacy uses were not positively related to MIM stress or any of its dimensions. Conversely, work uses, coordination of social activity, and even passing the time were positively associated with all techno-stressors. We discuss our findings with an eye toward promoting healthy use of MIM apps.

A growing number of people use mobile instant messaging (MIM) apps for a variety of purposes—most commonly related to social interaction, but also to coordinate work-related activities, fulfill informational needs, and discuss politics and public affairs. Despite its convenience for daily life, MIM may also act as an environmental antecedent of technostress due to users’ inability to cope with the demands of the app in a healthy manner. We conducted two qualitative studies (N₁ = 26; N₂ = 147) to examine why people use MIM apps in their daily life and if diverse uses relate to MIM stress differently. This research (1) develops a general catalogue of MIM uses; (2) suggests a four-dimensional construct of MIM technostress consisting of overload, ambiguity, invasion, and urgency; (3) outlines several differences across age groups and between genders; and (4) describes possible relationships between MIM uses and stress.

Sport was not the first social conquest of women in the Canary Islands. However, since the beginning of the 20th century it has been present in their life. The emancipation from domestic work, the attainment of some rights and British influences, introduced women to physical activity. This research aims to study the entry of women into sports in the early twentieth century through the historical, socio-cultural, educational and political moment from the analysis of the Canarian press. For this, press articles published in newspapers between 1900 and 1936 have been collected and analyzed. The results show how a part of society was in favor of women joining sports, although with restrictions, a situation that will not progress with the beginning of the Spanish Civil War.

Como aporte para ahondar en las narrativas de representación de Latinoamérica y sus países, este artículo pretende reforzar el valor del análisis crítico cinematográfico, explorar las mixturas que se produjeron en el tránsito del documental a la ficción, en el Nuevo Cine Latinoamericano. Además de mostrar cómo la película Buenos Aires Viceversa (Agresti, 1996), logra construir un pasado representado que ofrece recursos simbólicos inequívocos sobre Argentina. La metodología empleada se estructura en tres etapas, una contextual de revisión de la literatura, seguida de un trabajo de documentación que estudia cómo se ha ocupado de la representación el análisis de la crítica especializada. Por último, se analiza Buenos Aires Viceversa, con un modelo que sitúa a la obra entre el cuerpo creador y el público. Como resultado de dicho análisis, la película se reafirma como un texto precursor de las tendencias audiovisuales latinoamericanas, con una estructura de narraciones concéntricas: las fragmentaciones en la representación de la ciudad (espacio); la de los hijos de desaparecidos de la dictadura (personajes), quienes, sin poseer una memoria factual (historia), se hallan en edad de cuestionamientos y participan en el proceso de ofrecer al público formas concretas de las ideas abstractas que el autor elige proyectar

The main social media platforms have been implementing strategies to minimize fake news dissemination. These include identifying, labeling, and penalizing –via news feed ranking algorithms– fake publications. Part of the rationale behind this approach is that the negative effects of fake content arise only when social media users are deceived. Once debunked, fake posts and news stories should therefore become harmless. Unfortunately, the literature shows that the effects of misinformation are more complex and tend to persist and even backfire after correction. Furthermore, we still do not know much about how social media users evaluate content that has been fact-checked and flagged as false. More worryingly, previous findings suggest that some people may intentionally share made up news on social media, although their motivations are not fully explained. To better understand users’ interaction with social media content identified or recognized as false, we analyze qualitative and quantitative data from five focus groups and a sub-national online survey (N = 350). Findings suggest that the label of ‘false news’ plays a role –although not necessarily central– in social media users’ evaluation of the content and their decision (not) to share it. Some participants showed distrust in fact-checkers and lack of knowledge about the fact-checking process. We also found that fake news sharing is a two-dimensional phenomenon that includes intentional and unintentional behaviors. We discuss some of the reasons why some of social media users may choose to distribute fake news content intentionally.

Revista Latina de Comunicacion Social, RLCS, is a scientific journal edited at the University of La Laguna, ULL (Tenerife, Canary Islands) in the Laboratory of Information Technologies and New Analysis of Communication, LATINA according to its initials in Spanish, founded in 1987 by Dr. Jos? Manuel de-Pablos-Coello, under the protection of special doctorate programmes for Latin American professors. The journal publishes under the main summary almost exclusively research papers written following the formula IMR&DC+B: introduction, methodology, results and discussion plus conclusion, with a updated bibliography: at least 70% of the bibliographic entries must be from the past 10 years and half of them from scientific journals in Spanish and English languages. Reviewers make a double blind peer examination. This is a collective and inter-university project, including many professors and researchers from almost all Spanish and Portuguese speaking countries. RLCS is one of the three Spanish-language journals of communication that are located in second quartile of the GSC, Google Scholar Metrics, with an h-index of 9 (November 2012), which had already increased to 12 by February 2013.The journal is the following databases: SCOPUS, EBSCO (USA), DOAJ (Lund University, Sweden), Redalyc (Mexico), Dialnet (Spain); and is indexed by the CINDOC-CSIC in DICE, ISOC, RESH, Office of Latin American Education, OEI according to its initials in Spanish; Dulcinea... and at 2011, in Scopus. In Spain the journal is a reference in the Directory of Index of Spanish Periodicals of Social and Communication Sciences, IN-RECS, of the University of Granada, UGR. RLCS occupies the first position in the cumulative index for the periods 2003-2007; 2004-2008, 2005-2009 and the years 2008. 2009 and 2010. For the fourth consecutive year, in 2011 RLCS was positioned in the top quartile of the Impact Factor Index of the Spanish Journals of Communication (In RECS). In 2012, when Google Scholar Metrics (GSM), the international journal ranking system, was launched, the RLCS positioned itself in the second quartile?(Q2), position 90, of the world?s most-cited communication journals, with an h5-index of 9, which increased to 13 in February 2013, when its global h-index was 15. Included in the top 100 of journals in Google Scholar's Spanish language

Introducción: El fútbol femenino estuvo vetado durante muchos años hasta que comenzaron a crearselos primeros equipos en Canarias. Metodología: La investigación ha partido de la revisiónbibliográfica y hemerográfica de la prensa especializada y de las noticias deportivas de la época.Asimismo, se han tenido en cuenta otros estudios actuales para centrar una posición desde la historiasocial del deporte. Esta comunicación recoge los artículos publicados en los periódicos canarios entrelos años 1915 y 1950. Resultados y conclusiones: La investigación muestra la escasa representacióndel fútbol femenino en Canarias en el periodo estudiado y un tratamiento desigual fruto del contextohistórico, social y jurídico de la época estudiada.

The aim of this study was to analyse the portrayal of women and men on Spanish television news. A quantitative content analysis was conducted which comprised 1,834 news stories from 41 television newscasts of the three television channels with the highest viewership ratings in Spain. Content-analysis results showed that women were portrayed in the news much less frequently than men, and women and men were depicted after the gender stereotypes that attributed greater power and status to men than to women. Furthermore, women were portrayed as victims more frequently than men, and men were portrayed as athletes more frequently than women. Men were represented as main character in 40.7% of the news stories whereas in the case of women it amounted to just 7.3%. News stories by women reporters were more likely to relay on women as main characters than did stories by male reporters; also women reporters were more inclined than male reporters to use females as sources, although the most common sources in the new stories both by male and female reporters were expert men. Results allow us to conclude that the portrayal of women and men in television newscast is very unequal in Spain.