Thais Marchini Oliveira

Introduction/Objective: The study aimed to assess the biological effects of the capping materials Bio-C Repair, MTA HP Repair, and Biodentine on stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in vitro. Vital pulp therapy seeks to harness the reparative capabilities of the dentin-pulp complex, maintaining primary teeth until their natural exfoliation. Various bioceramic cements formulated from calcium silicate have been developed for this purpose. An ideal material should exhibit bioactivity, bactericidal properties, promote pulp healing, and not disrupt the physiological root resorption process. Methods: The study employed tests for cytotoxicity, migration, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and mineralization nodule formation. Data analysis was conducted using a two-way ANOVA, followed by post hoc assessments with Tukey, Kruskal-Wallis, and Bonferroni tests (p<0.05). Results: In terms of cell viability, both Bio-C Repair and Biodentine demonstrated comparable effectiveness and outperformed MTA HP Repair. Regarding cell migration, after 72 hours, the cells exposed to MTA HP Repair exhibited a greater degree of gap closure compared to the other groups. For ALP activity, SHED cells in contact with Bio-C Repair showed increased ALP activity after 10 days. Biodentine also demonstrated a significant stimulatory effect on the formation of mineralized nodules relative to the other materials. Discussion: Bio-C Repair and Biodentine showed better cytocompatibility, while MTA HP Repair enhanced cell migration. Differences in alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization indicate distinct bioactive profiles, highlighting the influence of material composition and experimental conditions. Conclusion: All tested cements exhibit bioactive properties suitable for vital pulp therapy in primary teeth. Bio-C Repair showed superior outcomes in both cell viability and alkaline phosphatase activity compared to the other materials.

Introducción: La rehabilitación integral de la fisura labio-palatina (FLP) incluye tratamientos odontológicos complejos, sin embargo, el acceso a estas intervenciones puede estar determinado no solo por indicaciones clínicas, sino también por determinantes sociales. Objetivo: Evaluar las desigualdades socioeconómicas relacionadas con la rehabilitación de pacientes con fisura labiopalatinas en Brasil. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio epidemiológico observacional transversal retrospectivo de 40 expedientes de pacientes del Hospital de Rehabilitación de Anomalías Craneofaciales de la Universidad de São Paulo (HRAC/USP) entre diciembre de 2012 y diciembre de 2013. Se observaron dos grupos: pacientes con rehabilitación completada mediante cirugía ortognática (CO, n = 20) y pacientes tratados con prótesis “overlay” (OV, n = 20). Se analizaron los expedientes médicos para recopilar datos sobre sexo, edad, edad de la primera visita al hospital, nivel educativo y nivel socioeconómico. Se aplicó la prueba de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: El análisis estadístico reveló una diferencia significativa (p = 0,024) en la condición socioeconómica, con el grupo OV presentando una situación más desfavorable que el grupo CO. Esto comprometió el resultado de la rehabilitación y aumentó la carga para el Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). Conclusiones: Los resultados confirman que las condiciones socioeconómicas desfavorables están asociadas con un acceso tardío y resultados de rehabilitación menos satisfactorios en pacientes con fisura labio-palatina, lo que contribuye a poner de manifiesto las desigualdades persistentes en el sistema público de salud y refuerza la urgencia de políticas intersectoriales que garanticen la equidad en el acceso a la atención especializada.

Aim: This study aimed to report the use of high-viscosity glass ionomer cement for functional and esthetical rehabilitation of a 6-year-old boy with DGI-II. Methods: Using a working cast, templates for all teeth requiring restoration were made and used to make an addition silicon replica. With the aid of the silicone templates, all primary teeth with weariness and the permanent molars newly erupted were respectively restored and covered with high-viscosity glass ionomer cement (GIC). Results: Following-up of 12 months were made. The early diagnosis and treatment of teeth with DGI-II play an essential role in the dental preservation and child’s functional, esthetical and psychological aspects. Conclusion: In this case report, the boy changed his shy behavior to a more communicative one, came back to smile besides being able to eat normally again, impacting his quality of life. The rehabilitation with replica technique and high-viscosity glass ionomer cement can save chair time, because DGI-II is a condition that needs continuous return to the dentist regarding challenging adherence of any adhesive restoration materials.

This study aimed to analyze the area of dental arches and occlusion of children with and without cleft lip and palate at 5 years of age. Methods: Group 1 (unilateral cleft lip and palate) and group 2 (without cleft lip and palate) comprised 30 children each. The palatal surface area was assessed by marking points in a clockwise direction along the gingival margin of the teeth and drawing a straight line between the distal-palatal points of the deciduous second molars. Occlusion was also evaluated using the Atack index. Both the palatal surface and Atack index were assessed using digitized dental models. 3D analyses of the dental arches were performed using the stereophotogrammetry system software. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Shapiro-Wilk normality test, and Mann-Whitney test were applied (α=5%). Group 1 showed a significantly lower value in the area analysis ( P =0.002). Atack index 4 was the most frequent (n=8, 27%), followed by index 1, 2, 5, and 3 (n=7, 23%; n=6, 20%; n=6, 20%; n=3, 10%, respectively). It is concluded that children with cleft lip and palate had a reduced palatal surface area compared with children without craniofacial anomalies at 5 years of age. Most children with orofacial clefts had unfavorable occlusal indices due to negative horizontal overjet and crossbite.

Background: Facial anthropometric analysis is a valuable tool for assessing growth and development in children. It allows for continuous patient monitoring, facilitates the identification of morphological variations and asymmetries, supports diagnostic processes, contributes to the planning and predictability of therapeutic interventions, and aids in evaluating treatment outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate Vectra H2^® stereophotogrammetry system for facial anthropometry analysis in children. Methods: Thirty participants were selected, ranging from 5 to 12 years old. Prior to the acquisition of facial images, nineteen anatomical landmarks were marked with a black eyeliner pen on the participants’ faces, so that 14 linear measurements could be quantified. The three-dimensional (3D) image of the facial surface was captured using the stereophotogrammetry equipment. First, linear measurements were quantified directly on the participant’s face using a digital caliper. In the second phase of the anthropometric analysis, the same linear measurements were taken on the 3D image using stereophotogrammetry system software. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) test was applied to evaluate intra- and inter-examiner errors. For data analysis, Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficient tests were applied. The mean absolute difference (MAD) was used to describe the differences. Data were presented as mean/standard deviation and median/interquartile deviation. Results: All 14 facial measurements showed statistically significant difference (PConclusions: Vectra H2^® facial stereophotogrammetry system proved to be a validated and reliable method for facial anthropometry analysis in children.

To describe the protocol for the use of portable stereophotogrammetry equipment for the acquisition of three-dimensional (3D) facial images in children during the first years of life. The images were acquired using a portable stereophotogrammetry equipment (Vectra H2®). Three consecutive images were captured, starting on the right, front, and left sides of the child participant. One operator took three facial images, while another operator attracted the child's attention with a toy/children's video. After the facial captures, the software rendered the three images automatically or manually. Initially, 52 3D photographs of the participants were taken, 14 of them of children without craniofacial anomalies and 38 of children with craniofacial anomalies. The children's age ranged from 22 days to 27 months. The protocol for the use of portable stereophotogrammetry equipment in children during the first years of life helps the professional in the proper positioning and management for the acquisition of 3D facial images, in addition to allowing standardization both for future studies and for use during clinical care. Knowledge about the craniofacial development of children in early childhood is critical for diagnosis and clinical practice throughout childhood growth. Quagliato DR, Mello-Peixoto YCT, Ambrosio ECP, et al. Protocol for the Use of Stereophotogrammetry Three-dimensional System in Children during the First Years of Life. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2026;19(1):127–131.

Tissue bioengineering involves studying cells at the molecular level and using differentiation signals and scaffolds to guide them toward repairing injured tissues. This study aimed to evaluate viability and gene expression of stem cells from exfoliated human deciduous teeth (SHED) for dental/osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation after contact with different bioceramic materials. The extracts were diluted (1:2) and divided into: dentin/pulp membrane (biostimulation membrane [BBio]) (G1), Bio‐C Repair (G2), MTA HP Repair (G3), and Biodentine (G4). Cell viability tests (Alamar Blue) and gene expression evaluation (qRT‐PCR) were performed for the following genes: COL, FGF‐2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), OCN, OPN, DSPP, and DMP‐1. Data were analyzed by two‐way ANOVA test, followed by Tukey’s test ( p < 0.05). Bioceramic materials maintained SHED viability. BBio Membrane and Bio‐C Repair had viability results similar to the control group at 48 and 72 h. Biodentine showed the best results of VEGF and FGF‐2 mRNA expression, while BBio showed better results for OCN and OPN mRNA expression. DSPP and DMP‐1 mRNA expressions increased over time across all groups. All materials demonstrated acceptable bioactivity. Biodentine showed the best results of mRNA expression for angiogenic targets. All bioceramic materials showed a progressive increase in DSPP and DMP‐1 mRNA expression. The BBio membrane achieved better results in OCN and OPN gene expression, indicating a greater capacity for osteo/odontogenic differentiation.

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the prevalence of Chronic Abdominal Pain (CAP) and Functional Constipation (FC) in children and adolescents with and without Cleft Lip and/or Palate (CL/P). Design: Retrospective cross-sectional. Setting: Craniofacial Center, Hospital. Participants: The present study included 400 participants, aged from 4 to 18 years, divided into 2 groups: non-syndromic CL/P (n = 200) and without CL/P (n = 200; control group). Interventions: The parents of the participants answered the questions and were interviewed based on the criteria of Apley and Naish for CAP's diagnosis and on ROME IV criteria for FC diagnosis. The obtained prevalence in the groups were compared using chi-square test (α=5%). Main Outcome Measures: The hypothesis is that individuals with oral cleft might have a higher prevalence of those chronic conditions, based on the frequent early life stressors in this population. Results: CAP prevalence was 36.50% in CL/P group and 15.00% in control (without CL/P) ( P < .001). The FC prevalence in CL/P group was 24.50% and 18.50% in control group (without CL/P) ( P = .180). Conclusions: Children and adolescents with CL/P had a higher CAP prevalence compared to the population without CL/P. FC percentage were expressive in both groups. Gastrointestinal problems may represent additional suffering for the patients with clefts. The proper management of chronic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract in children and adolescents with CL/P should be part of the patient's rehabilitation.