José María Madariaga

The importance of the affective domain in maths learning has been analysed since the 1980s. Among the explanatory variables of this domain, this study focuses on attitude towards mathematics and its relationship with important personal and family variables. Specifically, it analyses relationships with the family environment, family communication, self-concept and resilience in a sample of 203 students in all four years of secondary education in a school located in a disadvantaged area. The main results show that attitude towards mathematics decreases from the first to the third year and goes up again in the fourth year. A better overall academic self-concept or mathematical self-concept is related to a more positive attitude towards mathematics. In the family, mothers exert a greater influence on this attitude than fathers. Finally, males have a more positive attitude towards mathematics, and in particular a higher mathematical self-concept, than females. The educational implications of the results are discussed, stressing the need to consider the affective domain in order to make educational interventions effective.

The acting of the tutor in tutoring sessions in groups during Problem Based Learning has been scarcely studied. In this study the interventions of three tutors and their 43 students in a first PBL tutoring session are analysed. The tutors had taken some recommendations for acting during the session, based on the results of previous research. Those guidelines included contextualizing the task, dynamizing the group, fostering learning and asking for evidence to students. The sessions have been audiotaped and videotaped and afterwards transcribed. The interventions have been categorized, making a content analysis. The categories are theoretically grounded. It is studied how three tutors act, how they implement previously recommended guidelines and which is the effectiveness in students´ participation, generation and elaboration of ideas. The results show that tutors increase the interventions of the recommended types. The participation of the students is high, they pose ideas related to the learning-outcomes, and they share and elaborate ideas. It is concluded that the recommended guidelines have been effective for the first tutoring session of PBL. It is discussed that the role of the reflection of the tutors about their own professional practice has been key for adopting or not effective guidelines.

This research analyses the role of the affective dimension in learning mathematics during secondary education. In particular, the evolution of motivation and beliefs according to the students’ academic level, as well as the relationship between these two factors. The sample consisted of 202 students from all four years of secondary education, whose motivation and beliefs about mathematics and learning mathematics were evaluated. Beliefs were grouped into three categories: related to the specific classroom context, to mathematics, and to oneself as a learner of this subject. The results obtained indicate lower motivation and less favourable beliefs in 3rd year. From the beliefs analysed, those regarding the classroom context, and more specifically the teachers, have obtained the largest effect size.

The objective of this study is to analyse differences in motivation and social self-concept in students participating in three different programmes of heritage education in informal contexts. A total of 667 secondary school students from the mining and industrial area of Bizkaia participated in the study. The results show differences in motivation between experimental and control groups before and after their participation in the inter-generational programme. Differences were also found in social self-concept after participation in the inter-generational programme and a follow-up class, after participation in the Dolores Ibarruri programme and after visiting the Mining Museum. With regard to gender, no differences are found in motivation either before or after participation, although differences are found in favour of females in social self-concept.

The performance in mathematics, the reduction of science as a vocation in university studies, as well as the demotivation and unfavourable attitudes towards mathematics generated in Secondary Education are a reason for concern. This research focuses on the affective implications tied to learning mathematics during Secondary Education, with an insight into explanatory variables such as attitudes, motivation and beliefs and their differences according to sex. The results obtained by girls show worse motivation and mathematical self-concept, as well as a less favourable attitude towards mathematics than boys. Out of 42 beliefs about mathematics, 13 show a gender difference; 10 of which belong to the category beliefs about teaching of mathematics, and of these, 5 have median effect size.

La enseñanza de la historia en entornos formales es un campo en transformación, donde la enseñanza tradicional memorística, va dejando poco a poco paso a otro tipo de enseñanza de la historia más práctica, en el que el uso de fuentes, y el recurso a programas externos de apoyo, es cada vez más habitual. Uno de estos recursos, son los programas de historia oral basados en testimonios personales, que permiten llevar experiencias cercanas en el espacio geográfico y lejas en el tiempo a las aulas, y trabajar contenidos históricos y conceptos como la identidad local. Esta investigación de corte experimental y metodología cuantitativa, busca indagar desde su carácter exploratorio, en la incidencia que pueden tener este tipo de programas en la adquisición de contendidos de carácter histórico en alumnado de educación secundaria, y su relación con algunas variables psicosociales. Para ello se ha trabajado sobre el programa educativo “Barakaldo ayer...” (País Vasco, España), y se ha analizado si tras la participación en el mismo, se producen cambios en el conocimiento de contenidos conceptuales sobre la historia minero-industrial general y de la zona, así como en la motivación hacia el estudio de la historia, el autoconcepto social o la identificación con lo local. Los resultados, dentro de las limitaciones propias, confirman el avance del alumnado en el conocimiento de contenidos conceptuales, y un aumento de la identidad en clave local. Para el autoconcepto, se registran mejoras en la dimensión responsabilidad social. Finalmente, no se registra ningún aumento motivacional significativo.

Catalonia is the Autonomous Community of Spain with the highest proportion of immigrant students. This study analyses the language attitudes of Catalan, as well as the possible explanatory variables for such attitudes, for a large sample with a high proportion of immigrant students and a great linguistic diversity. A questionnaire was given to 1206 second- and fourth-year secondary school students from which linguistic attitudes were evaluated. The questionnaire also evaluated the socio-cultural level and socio-professional level of the students’ families, age on arrival and length of stay of the immigrant students in the host country. Results show that most attitudes are favourable, although the rate of neutral attitudes is significant in all groups. It is seen as necessary to work specifically with Spanish-speaking students within the immigrant group, as they showed less favourable attitudes towards Catalan than the rest. The language spoken at home was significant with regard to attitudes towards Catalan and Spanish, while the age on arrival and the length of stay were significant with regard to attitudes towards Catalan, English and the immigrants’ L1. These results allow for the potential implementation of educational interventions to improve the coexistence of these languages in school.

Los grados de formación de maestro y maestra en la E. U. Magisterio de Bilbao de la Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, tienen una estructura modular cuatrimestral. En cada uno de los módulos el alumnado debe realizar una tarea interdisciplinar en la que están implicadas todas las materias del mismo. En este trabajo se presenta la propuesta que ha diseñado un equipo de seis profesoras y profesores de diferentes áreas de conocimiento, para abordar la tutorización de dicha tarea con alumnado del módulo 2 del Grado de Magisterio de Educación Primaria incluido en el 1º curso. En este módulo la tarea consiste en un trabajo grupal siguiendo la metodología ABP (Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas). Los objetivos planteados eran rediseñar el escenario inicial, diseñar un plan de tutorización y socializar los resultados. El escenario inicial se ha redactado teniendo en cuenta los objetivos y las actividades propias de la tarea interdisciplinar de módulo (TIM). El plan de tutorización, organizado en varias sesiones, incluye los objetivos a lograr, las tareas a realizar, la metodología -basada en el aprendizaje cooperativo-, y la evaluación. Asimismo, los resultados obtenidos se socializaron con el resto del profesorado del módulo para que los frutos de esta reflexión tengan reflejo en la práctica docente de todo el profesorado. Por último, y con el fin de conocer el grado de satisfacción del alumnado ante los cambios propuestos, se ha confeccionado un cuestionario (que se presenta) cumplimentado por 61 estudiantes.

ACTITUD, PRESIÓN SOCIAL Y EDUCACIÓN INCLUSIVA EN AULAS CON DIVERSIDAD LINGÜÍSTICA Y CULTURAL