Adhigan Murali

This study investigates the role of ethylene glycol (EG) and two-dimensional materials like boron nitride (BN) and MoS2 for advanced applications. EG enhances the integration and performance of these materials, while EG-functionalized BN combined with MoS2 improves properties. This research investigates the structural, optical and electrochemical properties of EG-BN/MoS2 (MOBN) composites, focusing on their interfacial synergy and functionalization. Characterization techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–visable spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis confirm the successful incorporation of MoS2 and BN, revealing a hybrid structure that enhances the composites’ stability and properties. The study finds that the MOBN2 exhibits superior thermal stability compared with MOBN1, with a distinct optical transition observed in the absorption spectra. Optical bandgap calculation shows values of 3.69 eV for MOBN2, emphasizing the influence of interlayer spacing and hybridization. Photoluminescence reveals improved optical properties in MOBN2, further confirming enhanced functionalization. Scanning electron microscopy images show a rough clustered surface morphology, while current–voltage curves demonstrate high reversibility and stability, showing quasi-rectangular curve characteristics typical of Electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLC) behaviour. From photodegradation analysis, it is observed that MOBN2 acts as a photocatalyst for the removal of methylene blue with an efficiency of 84%. Overall, MOBN composites exhibit enhanced optical, thermal and electrochemical performance.

A new MoS ₂ @(f-BN)@cellulose acetate composite with a reduced bandgap (3.3 eV) has significant sunlight-driven photocatalytic activity, reaching >86% crystal violet degradation and demonstrating strong potential for sustainable water treatment.

Lightly and heavily nitrogen (N)‐doped TiO ₂ systems (LD‐TO and HD‐TO) were synthesized via ammonia (NH ₃ ) gas‐assisted annealing at 450 and 750 °C. XRD patterns showed low‐ and high‐angle shifts for LD‐TO and HD‐TO, indicating lattice expansion (LD‐TO) and contraction in HD‐TO, with a Ti‐oxynitride (TiON) peak in HD‐TO indicating secondary phase segregation. FESEM analysis shows spherical particles (∼30 nm for TO) growing to ∼40–50 nm with a layered structure in doped samples. BET surface areas were 37.8, 41.8, and 27.1 m ² /g for TO, LD‐TO, and HD‐TO, respectively. XPS confirmed Ti ⁴⁺ , O ^2‐ , and N doping of ∼5.7% (LD‐TO) and 10.4% (HD‐TO). Optical analysis showed reduced band gaps (3.12 eV for LD‐TO, 3.02 eV for HD‐TO versus 3.21 eV for TO) and improved light absorption. Urbach energies (0.603 meV for LD‐TO; 0.926 meV for HD‐TO) reflected moderate defect density in LD‐TO. Electrochemical measurements indicated enhanced charge transfer, with LD‐TO outperforming HD‐TO in photocurrent response. LD‐TO degraded ∼98% rhodamine B in 150 min and produced H ₂ at 935.2 µmol g ⁻¹ h ⁻¹ under sunlight, compared to 86% degradation and 765.4 µmol g ⁻¹ h ⁻¹ for HD‐TO. These results highlight that optimal N doping enhances TiO ₂ ’s electronic, structural, and photocatalytic properties, while excessive doping leads to secondary phase formation and reduced performance.

PEG-assisted BN/α-Fe ₂ O ₃ hybrid composites were synthesized via hydrothermal method. PEG enhanced thier thermal and electrochemical propoerties, achieving 361.6 F g ⁻¹ capacitance and 85% retention after 5000 cycles, ideal for supercapacitors.

Scalable synthesis of sodium thiosulfate functionalized boron nitride/graphene oxide composites via liquid-phase exfoliation achieves high electrochemical performance even after 3000 cycles, demonstrating potential for advanced energy storage systems.

Solid polymer electrolytes provide excellent safety by replacing liquid electrolytes. Three types-solid, composite and gel-based electrolytes are widely used, improving battery life-span and preventing lithium dendrite growth.

3D-bioprinting is a new technology for creating precise computer-aided design and shape of any human organs, which has the potential to expedite wound coverage and closure. However, the development of complex tissues and organs in 3D printing is till at an infant stage, primarily due to several hurdles, such as optimization, biomechanical stability, and printing resolution. Collagen is natural polymer, which found abundantly in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and exhibit excellent biological properties. These collagen-based bio-inks can be tailored for different purposes, including wound healing, tissue engineering, organ transplantation and drug delivery systems. Until now, thermoplastic collagen/collagen bio-inks are limited to use in additive manufacturing (AM). The adaptation of thermoplastic collagen/ collagen bio-inks in AM techniques is therefore a great concern. The use of thermoplastic collagen and collagen-based bio-ink/powder in additive manufacturing can open up new applications in biomedical industries. In this context, this review summarizes the development of 3D bio-printing, its potential biomedical applications, and current challenges in the field.

A phenoxyaniline-based macroinitiator is utilized for the first time in order to produce phenoxyaniline-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) composites through single electron transfer-living radical polymerization (SET-LRP) under mild conditions.