Arseto Yekti Bagastyo

In alignment with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Target 12.3 to address food loss and waste (FLW), this study implemented the “target-measure-act” approach through secondary data analysis of Indonesia’s agricultural commodities. Using the Food and Agriculture Organization’s (FAO’s) weight-based methodology, FLW was quantified across all food supply chain (FSC) stages (production to consumption) in each Indonesian province for five food categories. The results indicated an annual average of 41.8 million tons of FLW (2018-2023), comprising 21% food waste and 79% food loss, with consistent yearly increases. Production and processing/packaging accounted for 28% each of total losses, with cereals and fruits contributing 37% and 36%, respectively. Geographically, Java’s provinces dominated the FLW generation, accounting for 47.4% of the total FLW. The impacts were substantial, representing daily per capita nutrient losses of 343 kcal (16% of requirements) and annual economic losses of IDR 484 trillion (USD 29.88 billion). These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions, particularly in the production and processing stages for cereals and fruits, as Indonesia’s dominant agricultural commodities. The comprehensive mapping provides a foundation for evidence-based policy actions to reduce FLW across the FSC.

The Black Soldier Fly (BSF) can convert waste like poultry waste into biomass that has more value. This study investigated the effects of poultry waste composition and larval density on the Waste Reduction Index (WRI), Bioconversion Rate (BCR), and Efficiency Digestible Conversion (ECD). The larval densities used were 1, 2, and 4 larvae/cm ² . The ratio of solid waste that used were chicken feed residue and chicken manure i.e. 75%: 25%; 50%:50%, and 25%:75%. This study used a 100% composition of rice bran and chicken manure as a control. The feeding rate was 125 mg/larva.2 days. The C/N ratio of chicken feed residue and chicken manure were 11.07 and 9.9. The most efficient larva density was obtained on 4 larvae/cm ² . The 100% of chicken manure substrate give the highest WRI (5.19%,). The 75% of chicken feed residue and 25% of chicken manure give the highest BCR (17.52%) and highest ECD (26.98%). The result confirmed that BSF bioconversion can be effectively implemented in poultry industries.

Waste management remains a critical challenge in Indonesia, particularly in urban areas. Bioconversion using Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) presents a sustainable solution for transforming organic waste into high-value biomass rich in protein and fat. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential utilization of organic waste from markets, bakeries, and rejected products from the food and beverage (F&B) industry (specifically creamer and milk), as BSFL substrates, while mapping the existing bioconversion sites. Data was collected through interviews, observations, and field measurements. Primary data included location details, technical specifications, implementation constraints, and BSFL bioconversion sites. Waste composition was analyzed via Loud Count Analysis during a 4-day sampling period. This research was conducted in Surabaya City and its surroundings. The results indicate that market waste mostly consists of dark green vegetables (26.5%), other vegetables (64.1%), and year-round fruits (53.9%). Furthermore, the daily average rejected bread is 2.6-2.7 kg. Rejected foods and beverages include creamers, liquids, and sweetened condensed milk. The facility processes 16.16 tons/day of substrate potential, producing 44.61 tons fresh larvae and 53.85 tons frass, with profits of IDR 58.1-969.6 million. The findings demonstrate significant potential for utilizing local organic waste as BSFL substrates in the study area.