Mariangela Vieira Lopes

Antioxidants are compounds associated with delayed aging and the prevention of cancer and inflammatory diseases. These substances can be lost during food processing. Therefore, this work sought to quantitatively characterize the content of bioactive compounds in kale after different treatments and to explore the data generated using principal component analysis (PCA). The analyzes of the total phenolic contents were performed by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the antioxidant activity were performed by the DPPH and FRAP methods. The graphs of the scores showed that the total phenolics were grouped according to the part of the kale and the solvent used for the extraction, while the graph of the loading showed the influence of the heat treatment in the extraction. It is concluded that the amount of total phenolics contents and antioxidant activity varies depending on the extraction solvent, parts of the vegetable and heat treatment and that this favored its extraction.

Worldwide, cosmetics (especially eye shadows) are widely consumed and have a great impact on the economy. The aim of this study was to determine the multielement composition, focusing on essential and potentially toxic elements, in cosmetics (eye shadow) exposed to consumption in Brazil. Concentrations of 17 elements (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sr, Ti, V and Zn) were determined in samples (produced in China and Brazil) using a sequential optical emission spectrometer with inductively coupled plasma (ICP OES) after acid digestion, assisted by a closed digester block (6 mL of HNO₃ + 2 mL of H₂O₂ + 1 mL of Triton ×-100 + 1 mL of ultrapure water). The method was validated by linearity, precision, accuracy, limits of detection (LoD) and quantification (LoQ). The elements were quantified (in µg g⁻¹): Al (852–21,900), Ba (3.47–104), Cd (1.70–6.93), Cr (< 8.53–66.6), Cu (< 0.480–14.5), Mn (92.20–1,190), Ni (< 4.23–40.7), Pb (< 2.16–5.06), Sb (1.10–10.5), Sr (0.760–46.0), Ti (32.0–440), V (< 0.85–1.7) and Zn (24.90–2,600). As, Co, Mo and Se in all the investigated samples were found to be below the LoQ values of ICP OES. In this study, regardless of sample compositions and origins (Brazilian or Chinese), high levels of Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Ti, V and Zn were observed, exceeding the recommended maximum tolerable limits, according to Brazilian and global legislations, which may present potential risks to human health and the environment. Graphical abstract

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito do tratamento térmico (TT) nos compostos bioativos e antinutricionais em diferentes PANC (Beldroega, Bredo, Chaya, Cana de macaco, Hortelã com borda, Língua de vaca, Serralha e a Urtiga mansa). As concentrações dos compostos bioativos - fenólicos totais (FT) e flavonoides; dos antinutricionais (taninos e oxalatos) e a atividade antioxidante (AA) foram realizadas segundo as Normas Analíticas do Instituto Adolfo Lutz. Os teores (mg/100g) dos compostos nas PANC antes do TT variaram da seguinte forma: compostos bioativos - FT de 2,04±0,04 a 37,40±0,46, os flavonoides de 145,96±0,61 a 410,73±1,93; os compostos antinutricionais - taninos de 4,47±0,46 a 211,74±2,96, e oxalatos de 2,61±0,13 a 4,41±0,22; a AA (IC50) variou de 2,13±0,05 a 7,05±1,36. O TT aplicado nas amostras proporcionou aumento no percentual da concentração dos compostos na maioria das PANC que variou de: 38,13 a 99,84% (FT); 1,2 a 37% (flavonoides); 21,21 a 116,55% (taninos); 45,92 a 77,63 (oxalatos), assim como na AA, que variou de 14,5 a 67%. Por outro lado, houve uma variação no percentual da redução nas outras PANC de: 45 a 73% (FT); 8 a 29% (flavonoides); 15 a 74 % (taninos); 5,36 a 27,44% (oxalatos) e de 44,49 a 79,84% (AA). Conclui-se que, de maneira geral, o TT aplicado favoreceu o aumento da concentração dos compostos bioativos e da AA nas PANC, o mesmo não ocorrendo para os fatores antinutricionais.

Este trabalho objetivou analisar o perfil de minerais dos feijões de corda (Vigna unguiculata) e fava (Vicia faba) nos estágios de maturação verde (in natura), semente e germinado. Para tanto, foram adquiridos os feijões verde e semente, sendo que estas foram germinadas e logo a seguir liofilizadas e envasadas. A determinação dos analitos foi realizada utilizando o ICP OES. Os macrominerais K, P e Mg apresentaram os maiores teores no feijão de corda e no feijão fava. Entre os microminerais, o Fe demonstrou o maior quantitativo nas duas variedades de feijões estudadas. Foi observada uma variação nos teores dos minerais entre os diferentes estágios dos feijões, com uma tendência de elevação da concentração após a germinação. Não foram detectados metais pesados, com exceção do Bário e Estrôncio. Os resultados mostraram que as farinhas dos feijões de corda e fava, de modo geral, atenderam as recomendações de ingestão diária, segundo a ANVISA, para os macrominerais e microminerais. Conclui-se que as farinhas das leguminosas nos diferentes estágios podem contribuir como boa fonte de minerais na dieta dos indivíduos.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional quality, phenolic compounds, fatty acid and antioxidant activity in vitro as well as a toxicological screening of A. muricata seed oil in vivo. The chemical composition and quantification of phenolic compounds were determined by the Adolfo Lutz Institute normative. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH, FRAP and ABTS methods. The oil was extracted by chloroform/ methanol and precipitated crude (AmPtO) and supernatant oils (AmSO) were obtained. The fatty acid profile was evaluated by gas chromatography and total compounds by HPLC-DAD. BALB/C mice received AmPtO and AmSO (0.5 and 1.0mL·Kg^-1) for 14 days. Toxicity parameters were assessed. The major fatty acids in the oil were oleic (39.2%) and linoleic (33%). HPLC-DAD suggested the presence of acetogenins (annonacin: 595 [M-H]-), with a greater presence in AmPtO. The AmPtO group showed toxicity, which may be related to the acetogenin content in AmPtO. The AmSO group showed no toxicity and this oil has potential for food or medicinal use.