Khalid Mohammad Omer

Increasing global textile production continues to intensify concerns about the discharge of untreated dye-laden wastewater into the environment.

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are increasingly used in sensing, bioimaging, catalysis, remediation, and optoelectronics, yet heterogeneous reporting makes cross-study comparison difficult. CDWatch is a transparent screening and benchmarking framework integrating eight performance, safety, sustainability, and practicality dimensions: quantum yield, particle size distribution, synthesis yield, stability, biocompatibility/toxicity, functional efficiency, synthesis greenness, and feasibility. Each reported item is scored from 1 to 3 using explicit preliminary thresholds and weights. Composite indicators are aggregated uniformly by the arithmetic mean. Missing or untested information is recorded as not reported and excluded from the numerical denominator, while a separate weighted data-coverage percentage prevents sparse evidence from appearing equivalent to complete characterization. The eight weights sum to 24, and the maximum fully reported weighted raw total is 72; the final CDWatch result is a normalized percentage. The framework distinguishes dimensionless DLS polydispersity index from TEM relative standard deviation, anchors cytotoxicity to an application-matched concentration, and applies domain-specific functional criteria. Application to seven published examples illustrates the calculation and its missing data safeguards. Sensitivity analysis showed unchanged numerical ordering under equal weighting conditions. Because data coverage was incomplete, these case results are presented as methodological demonstrations and should not be interpreted as definitive comparative rankings. A pilot rescoring exercise by three researchers produced 97.6% exact three-way agreement, Fleiss’ κ = 0.977, and an absolute agreement case score ICC(2,1) of 0.945.

Cardiovascular diseases, particularly acute myocardial infarction (AMI), remain a leading cause of mortality worldwide, necessitating rapid and accurate diagnostic strategies.

Photocatalysis is a process driven by light irradiation in which semiconductor phases absorb photons and produce electron–hole pairs, which then drive oxidation–reduction reactions, producing react...

Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles offers a simple, cost-effective, and eco-friendly alternative to conventional methods, reducing chemical hazards while supporting biomedical applications.

A Zn‐based metal–organic framework, UoZ‐8, was applied as a heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of an azo‐chalcone through Claisen–Schmidt condensation under conventional thermal and microwave‐assisted conditions. Microwave irradiation provided a cleaner and more efficient route than the conventional method, reducing the reaction time from 28 to 2 h, decreasing solvent volume and catalyst loading, and increasing the yield from 80% to 94%. The catalyst was readily separated by filtration, although detailed multi‐cycle recyclability and post‐reaction stability studies remain necessary to confirm long‐term reusability. The product structure was confirmed by FTIR, Raman, NMR, LRMS/GC‐MS, and diagnostic fragmentation analysis. DFT calculations, including frontier orbitals, DOS/MEP, and global reactivity descriptors, revealed a donor–acceptor π‐conjugated scaffold with HOMO and LUMO energies of −6.83 and −2.24 eV, respectively, and a 4.59 eV gap. PASS and pkCSM analyses provided preliminary computational bioactivity and toxicity indicators. UV–vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy further suggested moderate, tentative interaction between azo‐chalcone 5 and DNA, requiring future validation.

Analytical life cycle assessment (ALCA) extends traditional life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology to the unique context of analytical chemistry, clinical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and forensic testing. Unlike conventional LCA, which focuses on physical products with linear supply chains, ALCA addresses the distinctive environmental, operational, and economic characteristics of analytical workflows. This tool presents a comprehensive 10-stage ALCA framework consisting of sampling, transportation, storage, pretreatment, sample preparation, premeasurement, measurement, waste disposal, assessment, and reporting/decision making. Each stage is defined, its types are described, and its potential impact on the overall analytical process is analyzed. A dual-threshold assessment rubric is introduced, combining absolute benchmarks (green, yellow, and red zones based on best practices) with relative hotspot identification (comparison to the average contribution per stage). Five hypothetical case studies demonstrate the application of ALCA to assess energy consumption, water consumption, carbon footprint, active analyst time, and cost. The case studies show how the dual rubric identifies critical hotspots, guides improvement decisions, and prevents the problem of all stages appearing green, while the total impact remains unacceptably high. ALCA provides a practical, actionable framework for laboratories seeking to balance analytical reliability, practicality, and environmental sustainability in accordance with the white analytical chemistry principle. The tool is freely available for end-users at bit.ly/ALCA2026.

Recycling reduces environmental pollution, conserves natural resources, and minimizes waste, while monitoring ferric ions is important for evaluating iron-related biological and environmental conditions.