Guanghong Wu

A two-year dataset was collected to investigate the spatial and seasonal variations in water quality within the Haihe River Basin (HRB), China. Potential pollution sources and influencing factors were identified, and their contributions were quantified using absolute principal component scores-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) models. The average water quality index (WQI) was 80.2, indicating that the overall water quality was classified as “good”. TN pollution was severe. WQI values followed the order: Luanhe River system (84.7) > North Haihe River system (80.0) > South Haihe River system (76.6). The WQI value during the non-flood season (77.2) was lower than that during the flood season (82.0). Grassland and forest exhibited negative correlations with water-quality parameters. Construction land and farmland negatively influenced water quality but were not the primary land-use types contributing to TN variability. Higher pH and TN occurred in mountain areas and during the non-flood season, while higher COD_Mn, COD, BOD, AN, and TP occurred in plain areas and estuaries, respectively, and during the flood season. Four potential sources or factors were identified as domestic and industrial wastewater, meteorological and hydrological conditions as environmental driving factors, non-point sources, and unrecognized sources. Source apportionment using APCS-MLR and PMF models revealed that domestic and industrial wastewater contributed 28.6% and 47.2% of pollution, respectively, while non-point sources contributed 27.7% and 22.2%. Meteorological and hydrological conditions, as environmental driving factors, accounted for 17.9% and 21.0% of the variability, respectively, and unrecognized sources accounted for 25.8% and 9.6%. Sustainable control strategies were proposed to improve water quality in the HRB in the future.

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Epichloë endophytes can not only affect the growth and resistance of the host plant but also change the biotic and abiotic properties of the soil wher

Concentrations, distributions, and potential sources of DDT_s and HCH_s in seawater, sediments, soils, and atmosphere were collected to review their pollution statuses in the Bohai Sea and its coastal areas. In comparison to various sediment and seawater quality standards, DDT_s and HCHs in sediments and seawater were at low levels in the entire Bohai Sea and might not cause adverse biological effects. However, DDT_s and HCH_s levels in various sea areas were closely associated with local pesticides production and application as well as hydrodynamic. DDT_s and HCH_s showed an obvious spatial distribution pattern. High levels were found in the Bohai Bay, Haihe River and Yellow River estuary. DDT_s and HCH_s concentrations in river and estuary sediments were higher than sea sediments and a seaward decreasing trend was observed. Although HCH_s and DDTs residues in the Bohai Sea primarily originated from river runoffs (pesticide factory wastewater, historical applications and residues of technical HCH and DDT, etc.), additional sources of lindane and dicofol existed. Runoff from the demolished old pesticide factories might be another source. Further researches are highly recommended on pollution hotpots of DDTs and HCHs and investigate their migration and transformation at sediment-water interface and pollution history from sediment depth profiles.

This study aimed to determine sediment contamination in the Beidagang Wetland Nature Reserve to describe atmospheric deposition of trace metals. We analyzed Hg, Cd, Pb, TOC, TN, TP, δ¹³C, and δ¹⁵N, and studied their variations in surface sediments and in the vertical profiles of sediment cores collected from the reserve. Evaluation of environmental trace metal contamination using sediment quality guidelines and geochemical background values indicated that the risk of metal pollution in the reserve sediments was relatively low. Concentrations of Hg, Cd, and Pb in the sediments were much lower than concentrations in sediment samples from Bohai Bay and polluted rivers in Tianjin. Enrichment factors indicate that samples are moderately contaminated with Hg, Cd, and Pb; whereas the geo-accumulation index results classify the sediments as uncontaminated to moderately contaminated with Hg, Cd, and Pb. The distribution patterns of trace metal concentrations in the three core samples were uniform. δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N were used to track the sources of TOC and TN in sediments. Results show that TOC mainly originated from the residue and decaying matter of aquatic plants (e.g., algae, reeds, and Typha), while TN was derived from soil N and elevated atmospheric N deposition. Because domestic and industrial waste is not discharged into the Beidagang Wetland Nature Reserve, trace metals found in sediments mainly originate from atmospheric deposition. The results provide baseline data for analysis of trace metal accumulation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, a region subject to atmospheric deposition in northern China.

Batch experiments were conducted to test the effects of various solution properties, such as pH, temperature, initial concentration and anoxic and aerobic atmosphere, on Cd removal by nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) supported on industrial coal fly ash. Cd (II) could be removed by adsorption on fly ash-nZVI in a very short time (5 min) with high removal rates (greater than 99.9%) over a wide range of concentration (5–100 mg l ⁻¹ ). Cd (II) was physically adsorbed on the surface of fly ash-nZVI. The preparation of fly ash-nZVI can incorporate the use of waste media, making the overall adsorbent more removal efficient and low cost.