Dinesh Rangappa

We report a supercritical fluid (SCF)-assisted synthesis of a tightly integrated MXene/MoS ₂ /PANI ternary heterostructure for high-performance supercapacitor applications. The SCF route enables rapid nucleation, controlled crystallization, and intimate interfacial coupling between Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene and MoS ₂ nanosheets, followed by uniform in situ polymerization of polyaniline (PANI) to construct a hierarchical conductive network. This rationally engineered architecture synergistically combines electric double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance while minimizing charge-transfer resistance and enhancing ion transport kinetics. The optimized composite delivers a high specific capacitance of ∼325 F g ⁻¹ along with excellent cycling durability over 10,000 cycles, exhibiting progressive capacitance activation attributed to improved electrolyte accessibility and interfacial conductivity. The study introduces a time-efficient and structurally controlled strategy for fabricating MXene-based ternary heterostructures and establishes a scalable pathway toward advanced hybrid electrode materials for next-generation energy storage systems.

Flexible and high-performance supercapacitors are emerging as pivotal components in next-generation energy storage systems. In this work, a novel ternary Cu ₂ ZnSnS ₄ /MoS ₂ /CNT (CZTS/MoS ₂ /CNT) heterostructure was synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal method and systematically evaluated for its electrochemical performance. Structural and morphological analyses (XRD, Raman, SEM, and TEM) confirmed the formation of a well-integrated heterostructure with uniform anchoring of CZTS and MoS ₂ nanoparticles on conductive CNT networks, fostering enhanced charge transport and ion diffusion. The ternary composite exhibited an impressive specific capacitance of 273.2 F g ⁻¹ at 1.25 A g ⁻¹ , significantly outperforming pristine CZTS (141.9 F g ⁻¹ ) and binary CZTS/MoS ₂ (154.8 F g ⁻¹ ). Furthermore, it demonstrated exceptional energy and power densities of 97.13 Wh kg ⁻¹ and 1.076 kW kg ⁻¹ , respectively, along with 98% capacitance retention over 1000 cycles. The superior performance arises from the synergistic interplay of MoS ₂ ’s redox-active surfaces and CNT’s high electrical conductivity, which together enhance electrochemical reversibility and mechanical robustness. This facile, scalable, and eco-friendly synthesis approach underscores the CZTS/MoS ₂ /CNT heterostructure as a promising electrode material for flexible and sustainable supercapacitor applications.

MXenes are the carbides and nitrides of transition metals which are two dimensional in structure. High surface area, remarkable hydrophilicity, enhanced electrical conductivity, and unique surface functional groups are some of the distinguished properties of MXenes. These features make them suitable for numerous applications across domains such as sensing, biomedicine, catalysis, and electromagnetic interference shielding followed by hydrogen generation and storage at the forefront. This article encompasses the discovery, structure, fabrication routes, and varied applications of MXenes with an emphasis on electrocatalysis in hydrogen evolution reactions and storage. The article depicts diverse compositions and surface modification routes for enhancing their properties. MXene‐derived Z‐scheme photocatalysts have also been explored for their applications in degrading organic pollutants and volatile organic compounds. The article brings out various concerns such as the self‐restacking of MXenes due to van der Waals forces of attraction and their aggregation. Furthermore, it sheds light on the current status of MXenes and future development for sustainable energy technologies. Scaleup and high production costs are a few challenges that need to be addressed.

Research on the exploration of graphene and two-dimensional (2D) materials is thriving and is anticipated to continue leading the forefront of materials science research. This growing interest in 2D nanomaterials is attributed to their distinct characteristics not present in their bulk counterparts. While various 2D nanomaterials have been developed, graphene and MXene, notably, have garnered significant global attention owing to their outstanding properties. Further, the ability to create van der Waals heterostructures has introduced a novel approach to amalgamating the advantageous features of graphene and MXene into a unified entity. These heterostructures not only overcome the inherent limitations of each material but also facilitate the realization of fascinating properties through their synergistic combination. This review discusses the evolution, recent advancements and prospects of these novel 2D materials. Additionally, we also address the challenges that must be overcome to achieve full-scale commercial adoption of this innovative class of layered materials. We also reviewed the application of graphene–MXene heterostructures for developing next-gen supercapacitor devices and outline potential directions for future research.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries has gained a lot of attention because of its high energy density (2567 Whkg−1), great earth abundance, and low impact on the environment. The excellent theoretical performance of Li-S batteries is compromised by major technical challenges like low sulfur utilization rate, reduced columbic efficiency, and poor cycling stability due to the insulating nature of sulfur and the shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfides. To overcome these concerns, herewith, made an attempt to synthesise Sulfur -reduced graphene oxide (S-RGO) nanocomposite by rapid fast heating technique. Using the solution-based rapid heating method, sulfur nanoparticles uniformly distributed on graphene oxide network. Furher, deployed in fabricating Li-S cathode. The S-RGO composite with 80 wt% sulfur exhibits promising results. Initially, at 0.05 C rate discharge current shows 1230 mAh/g capacity and at 0.1 C rate shows 1085 mAh/g. After 50 cycles, the capacity was retained with 1030 mAh/g at 0.05C and 957 mAh/g at 0.1C. This suggests that the the synthesised Li-S nanocomposite exhibit good capacity at higher current rate with greater sulfur content. Expression of concern (20 January 2026). This article is currently under investigation following an allegation that raises concerns over the citations and originality of the work. As a member of COPE this is being investigated in accordance with the COPE guidelines, and as such an expression of concern is applied.