Olivier Walusinski

In their seminal work, Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome, Arthur K. Shapiro (1923–1995) and Elaine Shapiro (1925–2014) divided the history of the description of this condition into seven periods (Shap...

In January 1886, Georges Guinon, who succeeded Georges Gilles de la Tourette as a resident under Jean-Martin Charcot, expanded the initial description of chronic tic disorder by adding obsessive-compulsive symptoms to the clinical picture of the new nosographic entity. This biography aims to honor the memory and contribution of Georges Guinon, a figure forgotten by the history of neurology.

We review the contributions of Georges Guinon, an eminent pupil of Professor Jean-Martin Charcot, to the clinical description of Gilles de La Tourette syndrome, including phenomenological definitions and the occurrence of psychiatric findings such as obsessive-compulsive behavior.

The authors briefly present important data about Professor Charcot's genealogy, discussing possible influences of his family history on his behavior, his personality, and the implications for his brilliant scientific career and professional success. This article adds some data that was ignored in previous biographies.

This paper provides a historical overview of Professor Fulgence Raymond, Charcot's eldest pupil, who was chosen as his successor. It explores Raymond's origins as a veterinary surgeon, his evolution as a neurologist under Charcot's mentorship, and his tenure as the professor's successor at the La Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris, France, from 1894 to 1910.