Mercedes Fernandez- Arevalo

This animation tries to show information about how to study a PhD at the University of Seville. The International Doctoral School: doctoral modalities, regulations and enrolment procedure. Da difusión del proceso de admisión a los posibles interesados en cursar estudios de doctorado en la US. Es idóneo para entender el proceso de solicitud de admisión a los programas de doctorado de la US. Facilita el acceso a los estudios de doctorado y hacer más accesible a los interesados el funcionamiento del proceso.

La Universidad Europea Ulysseus, coordinada por la Universidad de Sevilla, es una de las 64 alianzas de universidades europeas seleccionadas en las convocatorias Erasmus +. La visión conjunta de Ulysseus para 2030 es desarrollar una "Universidad europea reconocida por su excelencia, emprendedora, internacionalmente atractiva, abierta al mundo, y centrada en las personas, para los ciudadanos del futuro". Ulysseus coloca a los estudiantes en el centro, comprometiéndose a formar graduados y profesores altamente capacitados, y a mejorar la formación profesional continua. Busca crear una comunidad universitaria multilingüe, multicultural, emprendedora y creativa, ofreciendo trayectorias de aprendizaje flexibles, cursos cortos y actividades que conducen a microcredenciales mediante programas educativos y de movilidad. El estudiante Ulysseus ha sido y sigue siendo el eje central de todas las actividades de Ulysseus, ya sea a través de la participación en cursos, la co-creación de la oferta académica, o la implicación en la gobernanza de la universidad. En este artículo se describirán las distintas actividades y procesos en los que puede participar el alumno Ulysseus.

Información sobre proceso de admisión a los estudios de doctorado e hitos más relevantes para los doctorandos. El recurso explica al estudiante todos los procedimientos para realizar la tesis en la US, incluidas las modalidades de tesis doctoral, las posibilidades de becas y obtención de fondos. Es idóneo para entender el proceso de solicitud de admisión a los programas de doctorado de la US. Facilita el acceso a los estudios de doctorado y hacer más accesible a los interesados el funcionamiento del proceso.

During the past two decades the development of drug delivery systems (DDSs) has been a revolutionary cue for the advancement of conventional approaches of drug administration in medicine and thus has opened new frontiers such as micromedicine and nanomedicine. These frontiers encompass therapeutic, diagnostic, as well as theranostic approaches and have witnessed seminal growth in the recent past [1]. Micro-/nanotechnology that enables the fabrication of fine and ultrafine structures (e.g., particles, fibers, wires, etc., onthe nanom eter scale) using diverse materials has played a pivotal role in the development of these frontier areas. The success of micro-/nanomedicine is governed to a great extent by the availability of polymeric m aterial which can be used for human applications. Till date, multiple polymeric m aterials have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) [2] for their application as DDSs, which largely include polyesters, polyacrylates, polyanhydrides, polyamides, and polycarbonates. Among these, polyesters represent a major class where multiple polyester-based DDSs have been approved by the US FDA for application in humans [3, 4], including polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), polylacticco-glycolic acid (PLGA), polydioxanone, polycaprolactone (PCL), and poly(trimethyl carbonate) [3, 5, 67]. Further, the potential of polyester-based polymers as versatile DDSs has been demonstrated by their ability to encapsulate diverse therapeutic molecules/cargo (e.g., synthetic drugs, proteins, or deoxyribonucleic acid [DNA]) inside the polymer matrix [8, 9]. In contrast to the administration of a free drug, encapsulation of a drug inside polyester-based particulate DDSs not only ensures its protection in hostile environments and desirable release kinetics, but can also improve its bioavailability and thus facilitate high payload delivery [2]. Currently there are more than 10 polyester-based DDSs available commercially in the m arket [9]. For example, two of the PLGA-based DDSs are Zoladex® (PLGA/goserelin acetate), which is used for the treatm ent of prostate cancer, and Lupron Depot® (PLGA/leuprolide acetate), which is used for the treatm ent o f prostate cancer and endometriosis [10]. Due to their desirable properties, polyester-based m aterials show high potential for the development of future DDSs employing DNA, small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA), messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), aptamer, and other novel synthetic/peptide-based therapeutic molecules. While existing polyester-based DDSs have shown good success, innovations in polymer chemistry combined with the discovery of novel therapeutic molecules are continuously fueling the development of newer biodegradable, biocompatible, tissue-specific, stimuli-responsive (pH, temperature, pressure, light, ionic concentration, and catalytic based) polyester-based DDSs [11].

Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) comprise a group of rare inherited chronic syndromes that cause deficiency of specific native enzymes within the lysosomes. The macromolecular compounds that are usually catabolized by lysosomal enzymes are accumulated within these organelles, causing progressive damage to tissues, skeleton and organs and, in several cases, the central nervous system (CNS). The damage caused by substrate accumulation finally results in physical deterioration, functional impairment and potential death. Up to date, the most promising therapy for most LSDs is enzyme-replacement therapy (ERT), which provides patients with the corresponding active enzyme. However, these enzymes do not have enough stability in blood, the treatment must be therefore periodically administrated by i.v. infusion under medical supervision, and immunogenicity issues are frequent. In addition, affected areas within the CNS, where the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle, cannot be reached by the enzymes. Nanotechnology can provide useful carriers to successfully protect and preserve enzymes, and transport them through the BBB towards brain locations. Several strategies based on targeting specific receptors on the BBB have led to nanoparticles that successfully carry sensitive molecules to the brain. Then, the main LSDs are described and a thorough review of nanotechnology strategies for brain delivery studied up to date is presented.

This work aims at developing and optimizing a valuable oral delivery carrier for the cannabinoid derivative CB13, which presents a high therapeutic potential in chronic pain states that respond poorly to conventional analgesics, but also shows highly unfavorable physicochemical properties. CB13-loaded lipid nanoparticles (LNP) formulations were developed through solvent-emulsion evaporation and optimized in terms of physicochemical properties, long-term stability, integrity under gastric simulated conditions and in vitro interaction with NIH 3T3, HEK 293T and Caco-2 cells. An optimized formulation of LNP containing CB13 was obtained from a wide range of conditions assayed and analyzed. The selection of the lipid core, production conditions and the inclusion of lecithin proved to be key factors for the final properties of encapsulation, integrity and performance of the carriers. The LNP formulation proposed proved to be a promising carrier for the oral delivery of CB13, a cannabinoid with high therapeutic potential in chronic pain states that currently lack a valid oral treatment.