Xiongjian Huang

Inkjet printing offers a promising non‐contact route toward high‐throughput, large‐area manufacturing of functional films for next‐generation optoelectronic devices. However, the broader adoption in continuous production lines is hindered by the coffee‐ring effect that compromises film uniformity. Additionally, existing printable inks rely predominantly on nanoscale particles (2 V ₆ O ₁₆ ·1.5H ₂ O (KVO) and a water/1,2‐propylene glycol (1,2‐PG) cosolvent system. The optimized ink exhibits excellent rheological properties for stable ejection, even with micron‐sized particles. Critically, the 1,2‐PG effectively inhibits the coffee‐ring effect by reducing the surface tension, allowing uniform deposition of large particles without the use of insulating surfactants. Therefore, a continuously patterned electrochromic film can be directly printed, which exhibits reversible multicolor transitions and remarkable cycling stability. Furthermore, we assembled a large‐scale electrochromic device (21.0 × 29.7 cm ² ) with a complex pattern based on the printed KVO film, which demonstrates uniform and reversible color changes across the active area. Our ink formulation offers a green, surfactant‐free alternative to traditional electrochromic inks and demonstrates that large‐sized functional particles can be uniformly printed via synergistic Marangoni flow and viscosity control, expanding the material scope for inkjet‐printed electrochromic devices.

Upconversion microlasers hold great promise for next‐generation photonic devices. Most current designs rely on coating or incorporating lanthanide‐doped nanoparticles into dielectric microcavities, typically based on polymers or oxide glass platforms. However, polymers generally exhibit limited thermal stability, oxide glasses require relatively high processing temperatures, and coated structures often introduce interfacial scattering losses, degrading lasing efficiency and stability. Here, we report a coordination polymer (CP) ZnCl ₂ (bIm) ₂ (bIm = C ₇ H ₆ N ₂ ) glass as a low‐temperature‐processable host that enables uniform and nondestructive incorporation of upconversion nanocrystals via strong interfacial wettability, forming an energy barrier (2.52 × 10 ³ zJ) that preserves efficient luminescence, maintains high‐ Q characteristics, and supports ultrasmooth microcavity fabrication. To our knowledge, this work highlights the feasibility of multiwavelength upconversion lasing in transparent ZnCl ₂ (bIm) ₂ composite glass micro‐bottles embedded with NaYF ₄ @NaYbF ₄ : 1%Tm ³⁺ @NaYF ₄ nanoparticles. Under continuous‐wave 980 nm pumping, efficient lasing from the visible‐to‐near‐infrared (NIR) region is achieved, featuring an ultra‐low threshold of 140 nW for the Tm ³⁺ : ³ H ₄ → ³ H ₆ transition. Upconversion lasing is also generated in Er ³⁺ and Ho ³⁺ ‐activated composite glass micro‐bottles, highlighting the universality of this strategy. These findings establish a versatile platform for engineering lanthanide‐based microlasers, paving the way toward compact, multifunctional photonic devices for next‐generation optical technologies.

Smart prosthetic interfaces strongly rely on soft sensing systems capable of multimodal perception and real‐time feedback under complex deformation. Here we report a closed‐loop “sensing‐analysis‐response” prosthetic system integrating stretchable photonic sensors that offer decoupled thermal‐tactile sensitivity and a signal processing back‐end, enabling intuitive feedback through dual‐mode parallel perception. The asymmetric photonic fiber sensor incorporates temperature‐pressure dual‐mode responsive phosphors (CaZnOS/ZnS:Mn ²⁺ ,Er ³⁺ ) within a highly stretchable SEBS substrate. The developed sensor exhibits high thermal sensitivity (0.86% K ⁻¹ , R ² = 0.999) and a low pressure detection threshold (<1 N), along with ultrahigh stretchability (∼1000%), minimal bending radius (<1 mm), and strong puncture resistance. When integrated with a compact, low‐power multispectral module, the sensor can be directly used in a skin‐conformal prosthetics interface. It generates a real‐time, sub‐second response, thermal alerts, and machine‐readable feedback. This lightweight‐algorithm‐based, bio‐inspired system provides efficient feedback for the human–machine interface of next‐generation smart prosthetics, laying the groundwork for intelligent and lightweight sensing architectures in human‐integrated photonics.

The development of broadband ultraviolet (UV) detection and imaging systems is in high demand for applications such as security early warning and environmental monitoring. However, conventional UV detection and imaging systems suffer from limited bandgap tunability, leading to poor compatibility with deep UV wavelengths due to their restricted spectral response. To address this, we fabricated a composite glass device with multi-bandgap design, where Gd³⁺ ions bridge the bandgap mismatch between the host glass and embedded Cs₃Cu₂I₅ nanocrystals (NCs), enabling efficient carrier cascade cooling and the conversion of deep UV photons into visible light. Owing to an energy transfer efficiency approaching 100%, the device exhibits a spectral response from 180 to 350 nm, including the vacuum UV region ( < 200 nm) that was previously inaccessible to single-band UV detectors. Moreover, the visible-light transparency and scalability of the glass subtract enable seamless integration with silicon-based photoresistors and complementary metal-oxide semiconductor imaging systems, achieving large-area, high-resolution (34.7 lp mm⁻¹) imaging performance that significantly surpasses conventional UV detector arrays. This work therefore establishes a scalable strategy for the rational design and fabrication of stable, ultra-broadband UV detectors, paving the way for next-generation UV detection and imaging technologies.

Flexible photonic fibers enable precise, interference‐free multimodal tactile sensing in wearable interfaces, owing to their intrinsic immunity to electromagnetic interference and cross‐modal coupling, together with rapid response. Until now, optical fibers that simultaneously exhibit mechanical robustness, signal decoupling, and environmental stability remain scarce, and system‐level integration is even rarer. Inspired by the distributed sensory arrangement of jellyfish tentacles, we propose a photonic skin composed of coaxially structured hydrogel optical fibers, in which pressure and temperature signals are routed through independent photonic and ionic channels for interference‐free multimodal sensing. The stretchable, highly reproducible, refractive‐index‐matched core‐cladding photonic fiber was constructed by continuous coaxial spinning with in situ photopolymerization. It resolves the long‐standing trade‐off between mechanical stretchability, low‐loss optical guiding, and temperature/humidity robustness in hydrogel fibers. The assembled sensing skin achieves high pressure and temperature sensitivity with a sub‐10‐ms response, surpassing existing benchmarks. It integrates with a lightweight, flexible printed circuit and multimodal tactile fusion machine‐learning architecture to form a wearable system, enabling wireless control, adaptive gesture recognition (99.21% accuracy), and multimodal object classification (99.22% accuracy). This work presents a fully integrated photonic skin platform bridging material‐level signal decoupling and system‐level multimodal perception for intelligent tactile interfaces in complex environments.

Long-distance transmission scintillator arrays enable high-resolution X-ray imaging and signal transmission in challenging environments such as aerospace machinery, nuclear reactor cores, and complex biological regions. However, advanced scintillator arrays are still limited to thin films and blocks, which are unable to simultaneously support both imaging and long-distance transmission functions. We address this limitation by designing scintillator active fiber arrays composed of glass embedded with Cs₃Cu₂X₅ (X=Cl, Br, and I) nanocrystals. The scintillator glass forms through controlled crystallization of Cs₃Cu₂X₅, and low-loss (~5 m) active fibers are engineered into an array of approximately 1,600 pixels with high resolution (48 lp mm⁻¹; limit: 60.7 lp mm⁻¹) via waveguide structuring. This detector penetrates complex structures and enables effective low-dose imaging. Our approach supports scalable, high-density fiber-optic X-ray arrays, providing a new platform for advanced imaging in both scientific and industrial applications.

The emerging metal halide perovskites are challenging the traditional scintillators in the field of radiation detection and radiography. However, they lack the capability for remote and real‐time radiation monitoring and imaging in confined and hostile conditions. To address this issue, details on an inorganic scintillating glass fiber incorporating perovskite quantum dots (QDs) as highly efficient pixelated radiation emitters are reported, while the glass fibers themselves serve at the same time as low‐loss waveguides, enabling long‐distance and underwater X‐ray detection. The multi‐color emissions and controllable radiation sensitivities endow CsPbX ₃ (X = Cl, Br, I) QD scintillating glass fibers with the potential as wearable and visualized radiation indicators. Furthermore, these scintillating glass fibers can be regularly arranged into a fiber array plate with a thickness of 7.5 mm to enhance X‐ray absorption for X‐ray imaging. Leveraging the light‐guiding character of glass fibers, a 5 × 5 fiber array with fiber lengths up to 11 cm has demonstrated the potential of remote pixelated X‐ray imaging. This study offers a novel platform for the development of remote detectors and imagers for X‐ray radiation.

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs), as emerging stars, are greatly attracted due to their superior optical and optoelectrical properties. The design and construction of patterned materials have been considered as a powerful tool to improve the performance of optical and optoelectronic devices. Therefore, the marriage of MHPs and patterning technologies is expected to boost the development of perovskite‐based applications with novel functions and optimized properties. Moreover, with the merits of patterning technologies, integrated and small‐sized perovskite‐based optoelectronic devices with compactness are foreseen. In this review, recent progress in this field is summarized, including template‐assisted and template‐free patterning technologies that can endow MHPs with high crystallinity, long‐term stability, and special structures. Besides, the advantages and mechanisms of patterned MHPs toward high‐performance applications are discussed.

The high-precision patterning of metal halide perovskites (MHPs) is of paramount importance for their device application. Here, we demonstrate the femtosecond (fs)-laser-assisted formation of three-dimensional MHP nanocrystal (NC) patterns with strong blue photoluminescence (PL) inside an oxide glass. Our strategy enables the crystallization and erasing of CsPb(Cl/Br)3 NCs inside a glass localized around the laser focal area through a combination of fs laser irradiation and thermal treatment processes. These recoverable patterns exhibit a switchable PL associated with the laser-induced defect and the thermal healing of MHP NCs that are benefits from the soft ionic crystal structure and low formation energy of the MHPs. Due to the high stability offered by the protection of the oxide glass matrix, the laser printing of fine-structured MHP micropatterns can be repeated over multiple cycles with a high robustness compared with their colloidal process counterparts. Our results demonstrate a simple strategy for creating emissive patterns inside a stable and transparent solid matrix that could be promising for applications including information storage, three-dimensional displays, anticounterfeit labels, and information security protection.