Roger Moser

This paper develops a theoretical framework for understanding the structural resurgence of central bank gold accumulation within the context of geo‐economic fragmentation. The paper conceptualizes gold accumulation as the expression of a mercantilist orientation—a latent strategic disposition, grounded in bounded rationality and institutional routines. This orientation is analytically embedded within a geo‐economic realist framework that treats reserve composition as an instrument of strategic statecraft. The framework introduces reserve sovereignty—the capacity to manage reserves without external interference—as a novel analytical outcome. Seven testable propositions are advanced, structured around antecedents, mediators, moderators, and outcomes.

The relationship between international trade and security cooperation has re‐emerged as a central concern in global political economy, international relations, and international business scholarship. While research examines the effects of trade on peace and the economic consequences of security alliances, existing work remains theoretically fragmented and largely static, offering limited insight into how trade and security jointly evolve over time. This article develops a co‐evolutionary framework: the Trade–Security Loop, to explain the reciprocal and dynamic interaction between economic interdependence and defense alliances. Integrating insights from economic interdependence theory, institutional and alliance theories, geo‐economics, and international business research, the framework theorizes how trade interdependence shapes security cooperation, how alliances restructure trade patterns, and how these processes generate self‐reinforcing feedback mechanisms. We advance six propositions specifying the conditions under which the trade–security loop produces virtuous cycles of integration or vicious cycles of fragmentation. In particular, we identify strategic sector sensitivity, power asymmetry, and institutional compatibility as critical boundary conditions that moderate the strength and direction of trade–security feedback effects. By reconceptualizing trade and security as mutually endogenous systems, this article refines existing theories of economic interdependence and alliances, and provides a theoretically integrated foundation for understanding alliance‐based trade governance.

This study examines how international political awareness (IPA) shapes international partner selection (IPS) in an increasingly fractured global economy. Specifically, it investigates the roles of geopolitical knowledge and political and trade activism in translating firms' political awareness into legitimacy‐sensitive international partner choices. Drawing on institutional theory and the resource‐based view, the study conceptualizes IPA as a dynamic political capability distinct from existing constructs such as political risk management and nonmarket strategy. Survey data were collected from 714 export–import firms operating in Malaysia, Thailand, India, and Bangladesh. The results show that IPA has a strong and positive association with IPS across all country contexts. Geopolitical knowledge mediates the IPA–IPS relationship, indicating that political awareness becomes strategically consequential when firms possess interpretive depth regarding geopolitical disruptions. Political and trade activism further moderates this relationship in India and Bangladesh, where activism pressures are more intense, but not in Malaysia and Thailand—a divergence attributable to differences in institutional maturity, global value chain exposure, and the salience of informal governance mechanisms. This study advances international business research by offering an integrative framework that links political capabilities, geopolitical knowledge, and activism to explain partner selection under conditions of geopolitical fragmentation.

Amid escalating global turbulence, international firms increasingly face geopolitical catastrophes that disrupt markets, supply chains, and institutions. This study examines how firms respond strategically to such disruptions, highlighting entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and international political awareness (IPA) as key behavioral and cognitive enablers. Drawing on dynamic capability and effectuation theories, the paper develops and tests a model linking geopolitical catastrophes to firms' strategic responses—market and operational reconfiguration, political engagement, and collaboration—while assessing the moderating roles of EO and IPA. Survey data from 275 internationally active firms in India and Bangladesh are analyzed using hierarchical regression. Results show that geopolitical catastrophes significantly shape firms' strategic responses, with EO and IPA both enhancing adaptation and strengthening the catastrophe–response relationship. Firms with higher EO exhibit greater innovation and proactiveness, while those with stronger IPA demonstrate superior political foresight and institutional adaptability. Indian firms display marginally higher EO, IPA, and responsiveness.

The influence of institutional context on organizations to systemically change and adopt new technologies has so far received little attention in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry. This study investigates the relationships between various institutional pressures, top management support, and the AEC organizational adoption level of building information modeling (BIM). The data were gathered through a survey of 186 BIM managers of AEC organizations in the United States, and the partial least-squares structural equation method (PLS-SEM) was applied to test the research hypotheses. The results show that normative pressure is the prominent institutional pressure affecting the level of BIM adoption in all types of AEC organizations. However, the degree at which and the path through which normative pressures work in these organizations vary based on their business type. For architecture and engineering organizations, the influence of institutional pressures on the organizational level of BIM adoption is mediated through the organization’s top management support. However, in contracting organizations, normative pressure and top management support have direct independent effects on the level of BIM adoption. These findings contribute to construction management knowledge by empirically supporting the idea that institutional pressures can be a powerful means to make systemic change to diffuse BIM in the AEC industry.

In supply chains where stakeholders belong to the economically disadvantaged segment and form an important part of the supply chain distribution, the complexities grow manifold. Fisheries in developing nations are one such sector where the complexity is not only due to the produce being perishable but also due to the livelihood dependence of others in the coastal regions that belong to the section of economically disadvantaged. This paper explains the contextual challenges of fish supply chain in a developing country and describes how integrating disruptive technologies can address those challenges. Through a positive deviance approach, we show how firms can help unorganized supply chains with economically disadvantaged suppliers by carefully redesigning the supply chain through the integration of satellite imagery and blockchain technology. With COVID-19 in the backdrop, we highlight how such technologies significantly improves the supply chain resilience and at the same time contributes to the income generating opportunities of poor fisherfolks in developing nations. Our study has important implications to both developing markets and food supply chain practitioners as this paper tackles issues such as perishability, demand-supply mismatch, unfair prices, and quality related data transparency in the entire value chain.

The sharing economy provides short‐term access to products without the risks associated with ownership. While extant research primarily examined it in the context of affluent consumer segments, the sharing economy may offer opportunities for consumers at the base of the economic pyramid, where ownership risks prevent access to products that could create societal benefits. Drawing from risk perception theory, we examine how access‐based services, as an alternative to ownership, can mitigate perceived risk dimensions. An experimental study reveals that, in contrast to consumers with higher income, low‐income consumers perceive access‐based services to entail less financial risk, resulting in a greater inclination to access a good than to own it. In a second study, we explore these differences by comparing access with a risk mitigation strategy. We find that at the base of the pyramid, access is perceived to entail less financial risk than both ownership and ownership with a warranty. The results indicate the importance of the sharing economy for addressing the limited availability of resources for alleviating poverty. Based on our findings, we derive implications for consumers and service providers at the base of the pyramid, and discuss how the COVID‐19 pandemic may be detrimental to the identified opportunities.

Dynamic business environments throw up many challenges for senior executives. To make strategic decisions in such environments, it is crucial for them to find the right fit between the intelligence required for decisions, and how their companies gather and process intelligence. This paper conceptualizes a ‘Decision Intelligence’ framework for achieving such a fit. The four major elements constituting the framework place the emphasis explicitly on senior executives adopting the right decision context, tailoring appropriate decision-making frameworks, innovating the access to diverse sources of intelligence and implementing the decisions proficiently. These elements are illustrated and elucidated by drawing on multiple firm experiences from automotive, agritech, pharma, banking and farming sectors. The paper concludes with a discussion on the major implications on intelligence processing capacity challenges of companies, and what this implies for management education and strategy research.