Adriane Ribeiro Teixeira

Revisão integrativa da literatura, com objetivo de analisar estudos audiológicos com participantes negros. Foi feita com artigos extraídos das bases de dados PubMed, Embase, Lilacs e Web of Science. A pergunta de pesquisa foi: 'Qual a prevalência da perda auditiva na população negra?'. Os descritores utilizados foram: Hearing Loss, Hearing Impairment, Hypoacus, Transitory Hearing Loss AND Black People OR African Continental Ancestry Group OR Black Person OR Negroid Race OR Negro OR Negroes. Foram incluídos estudos em inglês, português e espanhol. Foram identificados 302 artigos. Após as etapas iniciais, foram selecionados cinco artigos (1,7%l). Todos os estudos eram norte-americanos e evidenciaram elevada prevalência de perda auditiva nos participantes, sendo que situações ambientais podem influenciar nos resultados.

RESUMO Objetivo: caracterizar os aspectos articulatórios temporais da fala por meio de análises acústicas e perceptivas em indivíduos com Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica, em comparação a um grupo controle neurotípico pareado por sexo e idade. Métodos: estudo transversal com amostra de 22 indivíduos, sendo 11 (50%) com diagnóstico de ELA e 11 (50%) controles neurotípicos. Foram incluídos sujeitos com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos, falantes nativos do português brasileiro. Excluíram-se indivíduos com histórico de outros eventos neurológicos, doenças sistêmicas e/ou alterações estruturais que interferissem na fala. A coleta envolveu dados clínicos, sociodemográficos e avaliação cognitiva. A amostra de fala foi obtida por meio da gravação da diadococinesia e de um monólogo. Os dados foram analisados por meio de avaliação perceptivo-auditiva e análise acústica da fala. As variáveis acústicas extraídas foram: número de sílabas, duração total, tempo de fonação, taxa de fala, taxa de articulação e duração média da sílaba. As variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas foram analisadas descritivamente, sendo as comparações entre grupos realizadas pelo teste de Mann-Whitney e as associações entre variáveis acústicas e dados clínicos pelo teste de correlação de Spearman, adotando-se significância de p<0,05. Resultados: observou-se diferença entre os grupos quanto ao número de sílabas, duração total e tempo de fonação em ambas as tarefas. No monólogo, houve diferença na taxa de fala e na proporção de pausa. Conclusão: indivíduos com ELA apresentaram alterações relacionadas a produção da fala e aos aspectos temporais que refletem impacto no desempenho desta função, devido ao menor número de sílabas e tempo de produção, além de maior proporção de pausas na fala espontânea.

Purpose: to characterize the temporal articulatory aspects of speech through acoustic and perceptual analyses in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), compared to a neurotypical control group matched for sex and age. Methods: a cross-sectional study with 22 individuals: 11 (50%) diagnosed with ALS and 11 (50%) neurotypical controls. Participants were native Brazilian Portuguese speakers aged 18 years or older. Individuals with a history of other neurological events, systemic diseases, and/or structural abnormalities affecting speech were excluded. Data collection included clinical and sociodemographic information and a cognitive assessment. Speech samples were obtained by recording diadochokinesia and a monologue. Data were analyzed using auditory-perceptual evaluation and acoustic speech analysis. The acoustic variables extracted were the number of syllables, total duration, phonation time, speech rate, articulation rate, and mean syllable duration. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were analyzed descriptively. The groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney test, and associations between acoustic variables and clinical data were assessed using Spearman's correlation test, with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: the groups differed regarding the number of syllables, total duration, and phonation time in both tasks. In the monologue, differences were found in speech rate and pause proportion. Conclusion: individuals with ALS exhibited alterations in speech production and temporal aspects reflecting an impact on this function's performance, characterized by fewer syllables, shorter production time, and a higher proportion of pauses during spontaneous speech.

Purpose To describe the psychoacoustic characteristics of tinnitus in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Research strategies A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, with the protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD42025649038). Searches were performed in Embase, LILACS, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using validated MeSH and DeCS terms. Selection criteria Descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, case-control, or longitudinal studies evaluating patients with TMD and tinnitus, reporting psychoacoustic parameters such as pitch and loudness, were included. Studies involving animals, single-case reports, case series, reviews, letters, editorials, or articles without original data were excluded. Data analysis Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts, and full texts, with a third reviewer resolving disagreements. Risk of bias was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools. Data were extracted, organized, and qualitatively synthesized. Results A total of 271 articles were identified; after removal of duplicates and eligibility assessment, five studies were included in the synthesis. Findings indicate that tinnitus in TMD patients is predominantly unilateral, continuous, with high pitch and moderate loudness. Some patients can modulate tinnitus through mandibular or cervical movements, suggesting a somatosensory contribution. The impact on quality of life ranges from mild to moderate, even in individuals with normal hearing. Conclusion Tinnitus associated with TMD shows relatively consistent psychoacoustic characteristics. However, further primary studies with larger sample sizes and robust designs are needed to confirm specific patterns and improve multidisciplinary therapeutic approaches.

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar características psicoacústicas do zumbido em pacientes diagnosticados com disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) e descrever os achados obtidos na avaliação audiológica básica. Estratégia de pesquisa Foi realizada revisão sistemática de acordo com as diretrizes PRISMA, com protocolo registrado no PROSPERO (CRD42025649038). As buscas abrangeram as bases Embase, LILACS, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science e Google Scholar, utilizando descritores validados em MeSH e DeCS. Critérios de seleção Incluídos estudos descritivos, observacionais, transversais, caso-controle ou longitudinais que avaliaram pacientes com DTM e zumbido, relatando características psicoacústicas como pitch e loudness. Foram excluídos estudos com animais, casos isolados, séries de casos, revisões, cartas, editoriais e artigos sem dados originais. Análise dos dados Dois revisores realizaram a triagem de títulos, resumos e textos completos, com consulta a um terceiro revisor, nas divergências. O risco de viés foi avaliado com as ferramentas JBI Critical Appraisal Tools. Os dados foram extraídos, organizados e sintetizados qualitativamente. Resultados Inicialmente, 271 artigos foram identificados; após exclusões e análises, cinco estudos foram incluídos na síntese. Os resultados indicam que o zumbido em pacientes com DTM é predominantemente unilateral, contínuo, de pitch elevado e loudness moderada. Uma parte dos pacientes consegue modular o zumbido por movimentos mandibulares ou cervicais, sugerindo influência somatossensorial. O impacto na qualidade de vida varia de leve a moderado, mesmo em indivíduos com audição normal. Conclusão O zumbido associado à DTM apresenta características psicoacústicas relativamente consistentes, mas há necessidade de mais estudos primários com amostras maiores e delineamento robusto para confirmar padrões específicos e aprimorar intervenções multidisciplinares.

Purpose: to compare the time of cochlear implant use reported by caregivers and/or users with the actual time of use measured by data logging. Methods: across-sectional study of cochlear implant patients with a data logging system compared reported data with logged data. The analysis used Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney test (p < 0.05). Results: the sample comprised 46 individuals - 63% being females, and 80.4% being children. The reported time of use ranged from 8 to 14 hours, and the measured time ranged from 1 to 12 hours. The variables differed significantly: the reported time was 2.1 hours, on average, greater than the measured time (p < 0.001) in the overall sample and in the groups of children/adolescents and adults/older adults. Conclusion: the time reported by family members/caregivers and/or users differed from the actual time of cochlear implant use; the actual time of use was less than that reported for time of use.

RESUMO Objetivo: comparar o tempo referido de uso do implante coclear (IC) pelos responsáveis e/ou usuários com o tempo de uso real aferido pelo registro de dados. Métodos: estudo transversal, incluindo pacientes em uso de IC com sistema de registro de dados. Foi feita a comparação entre os dados relatados e os constantes no software. A análise foi realizada por meio do teste t-student ou Mann-Whitney (p < 0,05). Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 46 indivíduos, sendo 63% do sexo feminino e a maioria crianças (80,4%). O tempo de uso referido variou entre oito e 14 horas, e o tempo aferido entre um e 12 horas. Foi constatada diferença significativa entre as variáveis analisadas, sendo o tempo referido, em média, 2,1 horas maior do que o aferido (p < 0,001), na amostra geral e nos grupos de crianças/adolescentes e adultos/idosos. Conclusão: houve diferença entre o tempo referido pelos familiares/responsáveis e/ou usuários e tempo de uso real do implante coclear, sendo o tempo real menor que o tempo de uso referido.

To analyze the association between sleep quality and chronic tinnitus. The present is a prospective observational cross-sectional study in which convenience sampling (n = 51) was used to assess individuals with chronic tinnitus at a specialized outpatient clinic in a tertiary referral hospital. The data collection tools included a demographics questionnaire, a sleep quality questionnaire (the Mini Sleep Questionnaire), a questionnaire to assess the impact of tinnitus (Tinnitus Handicap Inventory), and pure-tone audiometry. The data was analyzed using the student's t-test or analysis of variance (ANOVA), the Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis's test, and the Pearson's Chi-squared or Fisher's exact test. There was a predominance of women and middle-aged adults with bilateral tinnitus and hearing loss. The scores on the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory revealed that the tinnitus had a moderate to catastrophic impact on quality of life. Most participants classified themselves as having severe sleep difficulties on the Mini Sleep Questionnaire. Furthermore, patients with higher scores on the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory tended to show poor quality sleep patterns on the Mini Sleep Questionnaire. Regarding the association between sex and the scores on the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, more men were severely handicapped, whereas more women were catastrophically handicapped. There was also a significant association between age group and hearing loss. The data analysis revealed a significant association between sleep quality and tinnitus in the sample.

Tinnitus is an auditory symptom characterized by the perception of sound without an external source and is often associated with occupational noise exposure. This study aimed to analyze the possible characteristics of tinnitus in workers exposed to occupational noise. This is a systematic literature review conducted by researchers who independently performed the search and analysis of articles. Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Scopus, and Web of Science databases as well as Google Scholar, used as a source of gray literature. The review question was: “What are the characteristics of tinnitus in workers exposed to occupational noise?” Descriptors were selected from the Medical Subject Headings and the Health Sciences Descriptors. A total of 1,002 studies were identified, and after analysis, only 7 were included in the review. Studies indicated that tinnitus was predominantly perceived in both ears, with a high-pitched tone. Loudness was classified as mild to moderate. The type of tinnitus was described as a “whistle” or “hissing.” Periodicity was mostly intermittent. In individuals exposed to occupational noise, tinnitus is bilateral, high-pitched, mild to moderate in loudness, tonal, and intermittent. Monitoring tinnitus and its characteristics in workers is essential for auditory and mental health.