Clara Luz Sampieri

Background: The etiology of obesity has been associated with genetic and epigenetic factors, hormonal changes, unhealthy lifestyle habits, and infectious agents such as human adenovirus-36 (HAdV-36). Viral infections induce reactive oxygen species, and the imbalance between oxidative stress/antioxidant results in fat accumulation. In the Mexican population, little is known about the frequency of HAdV-36 and its effect on the balance between antioxidants and oxidants, inflammation, and metabolic markers. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the frequency of HAdV-36 seroprevalence and its relation to body mass index (BMI), lipid profiles, glucose levels, inflammation, and levels of antioxidants and oxidative stress in a representative sample. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 112 healthy adults between 18 and 28 years old, who were divided into four groups according to their BMI: underweight (BMI < 18.5); normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9); overweight (BMI ≥ 25); and obese (BMI ≥ 30). Blood samples were taken to evaluate lipid and glucose profiles, as well as antioxidant and oxidative stress status, using colorimetric techniques. Seropositivity for HAdV-36 and levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and cortisol were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The HAdV-36 frequency was 15.6% in underweight subjects, 18.7% in the normal-weight subjects, 34.37% in the overweight subjects, and 31.24% in the obese subjects. The subjects who were positive for HAdV-36 seroprevalence had increased levels of IL-6, cortisol, and oxidative stress, independently of BMI. The HAdV-36-positive subjects had reduced LDL-C and HDL-C levels only in the low-weight groups. Glutathione and SOD levels increased in the underweight and normal-weight subjects with positive HAdV-36 seroprevalence, while catalase levels decreased in the normal-weight, overweight, and obese subjects. In conclusion, for the first time, an HAdV-36 seroprevalence in the adult Mexican population is reported which was higher and had a relation with the presence of inflammation, alterations in the lipid profile, and imbalance between oxidative stress and antioxidant status, regardless of BMI. The oxidative stress/antioxidant imbalance could be participating in the stimulation of white adipose tissue deposition.

Background/Objectives: Zika disease is caused by the Zika virus (ZIKV) and represents a major public health problem because of the complications in newborn babies from mothers who were infected during pregnancy. It is estimated that 80% of infected pregnant women are asymptomatic, which complicates the identification of infected individuals. In this study, we aimed to detect ZIKV in asymptomatic pregnant women and the effects in the newborns were analyzed. Methods: The presence of ZIKV was evaluated through endpoint reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 114 blood samples from pregnant women treated at two hospitals in the state of Veracruz, Mexico. There was a follow-up of the participants until the birth of their newborns. Results: ZIKV RNA was detected in 4.4% (n = 5) of cases. In two positive cases, two consecutive samples were obtained, and one case of persistence of ZIKV in serum after 90 days after delivery was identified. A total of 80% of the positive cases were identified after the third trimester of pregnancy and 20% after the second trimester. Although ZIKV was shown to be a risk factor for low weight and low size at birth and prematurity, after adjustment for other variables, it did not show a significant association. In contrast, preeclampsia/eclampsia was identified as a significant risk factor for low birth weight. Conclusions: The prevalence of ZIKV found in this study suggests a latent circulation of this virus and highlights the importance of epidemiological surveillance in endemic zones. The prolonged viremia that was found suggests the need for more research because of the high impact which can mean the possible dissemination of the virus to the vector.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) induces an acute infection known as chikungunya fever; however, the persistence of CHIKV infections has been reported. This report investigated the persistence of CHIKV over six months in the cervix of two infected women. The infectious CHIKV was isolated from three samples. Our findings demonstrated the persistence of CHIKV in the cervix, highlighting the importance of evaluating other tissue types.

Background: The recommendations of both the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) for the prevention of cancer are important public health tools. These recommendations for the prevention of specific cancers are related to body weight maintenance; physical activity; foods and drinks that promote weight gain; plant foods; foods of animal origin; alcoholic beverages; preservation, processing, and preparation of food; food supplements; and breastfeeding. Methods: This study was a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study. All patients provided written informed consent prior to enrollment in the study. Stratified random sampling was carried out with a convenience sample size of ≥280 participants. The characteristics of the participants were investigated using validated questions. Knowledge about the WCRF/AICR recommendations for the primary prevention of cancer was determined using 14 multiple choice questions validated in this study. Group A included participants who answered that cancer can be prevented and that lifestyle is the main factor related to the onset of cancer; the remaining participants were assigned to Group B. The χ2 test and Mann‒Whitney U test were used to determine differences in the groups. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. A multiple linear regression analysis with gamma response was performed to assess the knowledge score. Results: A total of 289 participants were included; 168 (58%) participants were in group A, and 121 (42%) participants were in group B. Using a 0 to 14 scale, the median (P25, P75) number of correct answers was 11 (10, 12). There was no evidence of a difference between groups in sex, relationship status, literacy skills, years of education, occupation, monthly income per person, and BMI. Most of the participants reported that they did not consume tobacco (n = 259/289) or alcohol (n = 261/289) in the week prior to completing the survey. Discussion: Most of the participants (58%) considered cancer preventable and agreed that lifestyle factors were the most important factors in cancer development. The results also showed a high level of public awareness of some evidence-based associations between cancer and lifestyle factors, such as tobacco use. Some confusion among the public on other risk factors was also identified: waist circumference, a variable related to excess weight, was not identified as a risk factor for cancer by most of the participants, but the consumption of foods and beverages high in calories was identified as a risk factor by the majority of participants. Awareness of cancer protective and risk factors may lead to positive behavioral changes and eventually reduce the burden of cancer.

Influir sobre en el compromiso laborar es una oportunidad para favorecer que la gestión en enfermería sea positiva sobre el desempeño y las metas laborales, por lo tanto, es necesario determinar los factores que pueden llegar a influirla. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura publicada entre enero de 2010 y diciembre de 2020 en las bases de EBSCOhots, ScienceDirect, ProQuest y PubMed, se incluyeron 31 artículos en inglés y español, conducidos de acuerdo con la metodología PRISMA; para la selección se emplearon Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud (DeCS), Descriptores MeSH, así como la combinación de operadores booleanos OR y AND. Se encontró que el compromiso laboral está asociado positivamente a la creatividad, inteligencia emocional, liderazgo, resiliencia, competencia moral, autoeficacia, vocación y la satisfacción laboral, mientras que la sobrecarga laboral, las exigencias del trabajo, el burnout y el contexto laboral exigente tuvieron una relación negativa.

Revista Bio ciencias comenzo en el año 2010 como una publicación electrónica, científica de periodicidad semestral, arbitrada e indizada que nace dentro del posgrado del Área de Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias y Pesqueras de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit (UAN). Desde entonces difunde información científica relacionados con las ciencias biológicas, agrícolas, pecuarias y pesqueras, en formato de investigaciones originales, de revisión, editoriales, artículos breves, noticias y cartas al editor. Actualmente, la Revista Bio Ciencias está incorporada a diversos índices especializados internacionales, lo que la convierte en una revista indizada y arbitrada, ya que todos los documentos publicados en ésta, son revisados por pares académicos especializados en el área correspondiente. De esta manera, la Revista Bio Ciencias, tiene como Objetivo difundir información técnica de calidad en las áreas Biológicas y Agropecuarías, así como promover un espacio de reflexión de los paradigmas actuales y tendencias en las ciencias biológicas, lo anterior desde enfoques disciplinares, interdisciplinares y transdisciplinares. Mientras que su Misión es ser un espacio que expresa información científica, para promover la investigación, reflexión y discusión en temas relacionados con las ciencias biológicas y agropecuarias. Por su parte, la Visión es ser un espacio líder que promueva la difusión de información científica de calidad a nivel local, nacional e internacional.

Background: The introduction of foods or fluids other than breast milk in the first few days after birth interferes with the establishment of breastfeeding. This study aimed to investigate the association of formula introduction during the first 3 days of life with maternal sociodemographic characteristics, hospital practices, and breastfeeding duration. Materials and Methods: Information from the National Survey of Demographic Dynamics, 2018, which includes 17,686 mother–baby pairs was analyzed. Mother–baby pairs were classified into categories according to breastfeeding duration: Results: In general, 3,720 (21%) mothers reported introducing formula during the first 3 days of life. A lower education level, lower sociodemographic stratum, living in a rural area, and considering oneself indigenous were factors associated with not introducing formula during the first 3 days of life. A total of 5,168 (29.2%) mother–baby pairs practiced breastfeeding for Discussion: Introducing formula during the first 3 days of life was associated with a shorter breastfeeding duration. BN analysis showed a probabilistic dependency between the type of delivery and variables associated with the establishment of breastfeeding.

Introducción: La Encuesta sobre Conocimientos en Lactancia (ECoLa) es una herramienta validada en España, en México no se cuenta con una similar. Los médicos de familia deben promover y apoyar la lactancia. En México, en diversos niveles existen barreras para la lactancia. El objetivo fue determinar el conocimiento en lactancia e indagar la visión sobre las barreras de la lactancia de los residentes de medicina de familia. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio observacional y transversal efectuado durante el confinamiento por la COVID-19. Mediante el instrumento adaptado se determinó el conocimiento en lactancia, clasificándolo en muy insuficiente (85 %, 18-20 puntos). Se diseñó una pregunta para indagar las barreras de la lactancia. Resultados: La media de respuestas fue de 10.3/20 IC95 % (9.7-11). El 58.1 % de los residentes (n = 72) obtuvieron una puntuación por debajo de 11 puntos (muy insuficiente). Existieron diferencias en las puntuaciones de acuerdo con el sexo (11.2, IC95 % 10.4-12 vs. 9.3, IC95 % 8.5-10.1, p = 0.001), presencia de hijos (11.4, IC95 % 10.2-12.5 vs. 9.8, IC95 % 9.1-10.5, p = 0.026) y experiencia personal o de pareja en lactancia (11.3, IC95 % 10.2-12.5 vs. 9.8, IC95 % 9-10.4, p = 0.023). El 22.6 % (n = 28) de los residentes consideró que la información proporcionada en los servicios de salud puede ser una barrera para la lactancia.