Ozeair Abessi

Laboratory experiments on dense discharge from rosette-type diffuser typical of brine disposal from seawater desalinations are reported. Single risers with 1, 2, 4, and 6 nozzles pointing u... Practical ApplicationsThe results of the experiments are reported in dimensionless form and empirical equations are fitted. As the number of port increased above two, the flow properties at critica...

Buildings and their subsidiary industries account for a significant portion of world energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, making it essential to assess the impact of climate change on them. In this study, the impact of the RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5 scenarios, as the potential scenarios of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, has been evaluated on energy consumption of a residential building. A detailed computer model was developed based on local climate data for a villa house to assess the changes in energy use under different climatic impacts. The scenarios are RCP 2.6 which represents the most optimistic scenario, assuming strong mitigation efforts, and RCP 8.5 which reflects the worst-case scenario with minimal climate action. The results showed that a 48% decrease in gas consumption and a 35% increase in electricity will be expected in 2100 according to the RCP 8.5 scenario. Meanwhile, in the RCP 2.6 scenario, gas consumption decreases by 28%, and electricity consumption will increase by only 15%. Iran is struggling with a severe energy deficit crisis exacerbated during the summer due to the government's failure to supply electricity. Providing a realistic estimation of climatic impacts on the energy consumption type and magnitude will help to develop better future strategies to solve this across the country.

Wastewaters are commonly discharged into the seas and oceans through multiport diffusers. Accurate prediction of the complex interactions of multiport diffusers with the receiving water bodies is significant for the optimal design of outfall systems and has yet to be fully illuminated. In the current study, the mixing and dilution characteristics of multiple inclined dense jets are studied using a three-dimensional numerical simulation. The Launder, Reece, and Rodi (LRR) turbulence model is employed to perform the simulations, and the predictions are compared against available experimental data. The results indicate that the LRR turbulence model is a promising tool for the study of inclined dense jets discharged from multiport diffusers, and it can provide more accurate predictions of the mixing behavior than standard and re-normalization group (RNG) k-ε turbulence models. The model is further employed to evaluate and compare the dispersion capabilities of multiport diffusers with uniform and non-uniform jet orientation to the horizontal, as a novel idea. The comparisons demonstrate the middle discharge may have a longer trajectory (7% and 5% increase in terminal rise height and impact point distance, respectively) and therefore a higher dilution rate (14% increase in impact dilution) when its adjacent jets are disposed with a different angle, compared to that of uniform discharges. The outcomes may be favorable for outfall systems applications involving dilution.

Landfilling is an inevitable step for the municipal solid waste (MSW) management system in developing countries. This article presents a Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) that was developed for the monitoring of municipal landfills and siting the new places for waste disposal at Mazandaran province, south of Caspian Sea, Iran. The effective criteria and evaluation constraints were chosen according to the Iran waste management law. The ArcGIS 10.4.1 software was used for creating a geospatial database and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used for ranking the criteria. By integrating the criteria, a suitability map was generated into four categories: high suitability, moderate suitability, low suitability and illegal areas. Using ArcGIS online, the maps were shared on a website that was specifically designed for this purpose. The decision-makers can check online the laws, the effective criteria and the results of spatial analysis for optimal siting. Also, the results of environmental evaluations for active landfills have been provided. Given the characteristics of active landfills and the optimal sites for the possible development, the SDSS can provide a mutually beneficial relationship between the experts, decision-makers and stakeholders to decide about the priority of actions required for the relocation of landfills, site closure or emergency care.

Employing inclined dense jets is a common way for the disposal of brine effluent from coastal desalination plants. This paper numerically analyzes the mixing and geometrical properties of 30° and 45° inclined dense jets when they discharge close to the bed. For this purpose, two series of numerical simulations were developed. First, the nozzle acts as a free jet when it is placed far enough from the lower boundary. Meanwhile, in the second series, the distance between the nozzle tip and seabed is substantially reduced. Consequently, by comparing these two series, the effect of proximity to bed on the behavior of dense jets is investigated. The governing equations are solved by modifying a solver within the CFD package of OpenFOAM. The numerical results are presented in comparative figures and compared to the previous works. Comparisons indicated that the numerical model predicts the geometrical characteristics of dense jets in good agreement with the past experimental studies. However, the dilution predictions are conservative. It has been observed that proximity to the bed has almost no appreciable effects on the behavior of 45° jets. However, for 30° jets, when the bed proximity parameter ( Y0/LM ) falls below 0.14, normalized values of horizontal and vertical locations of centerline peak and return point dilution are slightly reduced while the terminal rise height remains untouched.