Kyoo-Man Ha

Introduction: This study aimed to examine methods for improving global professional certifications to achieve the ultimate goals of emergency management, such as reducing human casualties, economic damages, and psychological impacts. Methods: The research question, “How have global professional certifications in emergency management been harmonized?” was addressed through a narrative review as the primary methodology. Results: The study examined host nation-oriented global professional certifications and advocated for a shift toward multi-nation-oriented certifications, considering four key stakeholders: the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR), international non-governmental organizations (INGOs), emergency management agencies, and certification applicants. Discussion: Four stakeholders should work to transform host-nation-oriented certifications into multi-nation-oriented global professional certifications.

1. Disaster management practices among individuals and organizations have advanced considerably over the past three decades. Disaster management frameworks (systems, paradigms, or models) in the gl...

Objectives: The PHEIC status of COVID-19 was officially lifted by the WHO on May 5, 2023. However, many nations continue to grapple with its impacts, particularly those that have not fully embraced the emergency culture. This study aims to explore ways to enhance emergency culture that rose during the COVID-19 response, ultimately contributing to effective pandemic management. Methods: A systematic literature review, including the PRISMA 2020 flow diagram and checklist, was used to compare cultural unawareness with cultural awareness across six nations: Japan, Sweden, South Africa, the United States, Brazil, and Australia. Results: To varying degrees, all six nations exhibited cultural unawareness during their COVID-19 responses, which manifested in issues such as personal responsibilities, herd immunity, inequalities, individualism, economic priorities, language barriers, and other factors. Conclusion: These six nations must adaptively transform their cultural unawareness into cultural awareness while enhancing leadership, communication, cultural competence, emergency preparedness, and international cooperation. This study offers a comprehensive perspective on the emergency culture surrounding the coronavirus pandemic, emphasizing the critical importance of cultural awareness.

Research on human behavior in machine learning during natural hazard response remains sparse. This work examines the interaction between machine learning and human behavior in disaster management. A qualitative content analysis was employed to compare black box-oriented machine learning with stakeholder-oriented machine learning in the context of developed countries, developing countries, and international organizations. The qualitative content analysis was further supported by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines. The field must transition from black box-oriented to stakeholder-oriented machine learning in natural hazard response while enhancing human creativity, clarifying machine learning processes, considering human rights, implementing multilevel strategies, establishing policy frameworks, overcoming implementation barriers, and providing emergency education and training. It presents a cutting-edge paradigm that expands theoretical understanding while outlining practical plans for integrating human-machine cooperation into future decision-support and natural hazard response systems.

There is a lack of rigorous studies addressing the theory life cycle model in disaster management. Thus, this study aimed to review the theory life cycle to improve disaster management practices. The study employed a systematic literature review, guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses. A reductionist model was proposed, including (1) theory inception, (2) theory scrutiny, and (3) theory termination (X) or establishment (O). This model was applied to four theories: suicide rate (X1), risk perception (X2), redundancy (O1), and all hazards (O2). In pursuing the reductionist model, the field must consider disaster characteristics, the advantages and disadvantages of various theories, the changing environment, a hybridization perspective, emergency education and training, and continuous improvement. This study emphasizes the question of adaptive relevance more than previous research.

Mobile phone fraud has been classified as a technological hazard. However, there is a lack of comparable and thorough research on this topic. This study aimed to describe how expatriates, as a special needs population, manage short-term recovery from mobile phone fraud. A systematic literature review was used as the methodology for this study. The current emphasis on technological support was analyzed via local banks, local police, other local communities, and international institutions to draw an alternative to social support. The key theme was that these four stakeholders could combine technological and social support in the initial phase to help expatriates recover during the initial phase of the mobile phone fraud emergency. They must also address social connotations and empower victims by promoting emergency awareness, time management, education, and training. This study focused on mobile phone fraud from the perspective of human-made emergency management.