Eline Skirnisdottir Vik

Introduction: For the total population and for groups of non‐immigrant and immigrant women, we examined the associations of maternal type 1 diabetes with adverse pregnancy outcomes among women who gave birth in Norway from 1999 to 2021. Further, we examined the associations between the two time periods 1999–2014 and 2015–2021 and adverse pregnancy outcomes, and whether these associations differed in women with or without type 1 diabetes. Material and Methods: In this nationwide population‐based observational study, with data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and Statistics Norway 1999–2021, we used logistic regression to examine the associations between type 1 diabetes and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Moreover, differences in ORs for adverse pregnancy outcomes between those with and without type 1 diabetes were compared for the two time periods 1999–2014 and 2015–2021 using interaction analyses. Analyses were performed for the overall population, as well as separately for non‐immigrant ( n = 964 542) and immigrant women ( n = 257 409). Results: Women with type 1 diabetes (non‐immigrant women n = 5067 and immigrant women n = 619) had higher ORs for almost all adverse pregnancy outcomes (OR 1.41–11.04) compared to women without diabetes in the period 1999–2021. In the time period 2015–2021, compared to 1999–2014, women with type 1 diabetes had a notably reduced OR of congenital malformations compared to those without diabetes ( p interaction : 0.006). Immigrant women with type 1 diabetes had a higher OR in 2015–2021 vs. 1999–2014 of having large for gestational age infants ( p interaction : 0.003). Conclusions: Women with type 1 diabetes had higher odds of most of the examined adverse pregnancy outcomes, though improvements were observed from 2015 to 2021 compared to 1999–2014, particularly a reduction in congenital malformations. In contrast, immigrants had higher odds of large for gestational age. These findings highlight the continued need for targeted interventions to reduce the burden of adverse outcomes in all women with type 1 diabetes.

De synes det er krevende å skille mellom risiko for fosteret og sykdom hos den gravide og å formulere søknaden. De opplever også Navs saksbehandling som uforutsigbar.

Objective: Despite advancements in maternity quality care worldwide, mistreatment of women during childbirth persists. Currently, there is a gap of knowledge on the occurrence of disrespect and abuse during childbirth in the World Health Organization (WHO) European region. Methods: Within the IMAgiNE EURO (Improving Maternal Newborn Care in the WHO European Region During COVID‐19 Pandemic) study, women 18 years and older who gave birth in healthcare facilities in the WHO European region, were invited to complete an online validated questionnaire regarding quality of maternity care. Data were collected between March 2020 and May 2023, declared as the COVID‐19 pandemic. A mixed‐method analysis was conducted on women's experiences of abuse, involving descriptives and multivariate logistic regression for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data. Results: Of 50 617 participants among 22 countries, 7683 (15.2%) reported experiences of abuse ranging from 6.4% in Israel to 30.7% in Bosnia‐Herzegovina, with significant differences by country, age, and birth mode. Emotional, verbal, and physical abuses were reported by 10.3%, 7.3%, and 2.4%, respectively. The thematic analysis, including 737 responses, identified several shortcomings in care that women perceived as abusive, the experience associated with abuse, and the elicited emotions. Experiences of disrespect and abuse were often linked to a sequence of actions, resulting in women feeling violated and treated as an object. Conclusion: Disrespectful maternity care was common during the COVID‐19 pandemic in the WHO European region. Efforts are needed to improve communication, implementation of evidence‐based practices, and respect for women's rights. Constant monitoring of disrespect and abuse indicators is needed. A paradigm shift must happen, ensuring safe and respectful care for all.

It is increasingly recognised that the quality of maternal and newborn care (QMNC) is a major determinant of maternal and newborn health outcomes and health services costs [1,2]. Regrettably, reaching high-quality health systems remains a global challenge, even in high-income countries. Disrespect and abuse, non-evidence-based practices and over-medicalisation during childbirth have been frequently reported and […]

Introduction: Both discolored amniotic fluid and oligohydramnios increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as stillbirth, and a combination of the two is more severe than an isolated one. Immigrant women in certain sub-groups are at an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes,...