Koorosh Kamali

Respectful maternity care (RMC) plays a crucial role in shaping maternal experiences during childbirth. This study aimed to examine the influence of RMC on maternal self-confidence and mother-infant bonding in primigravida women. A prospective cohort study was conducted on 336 primigravida women admitted to the maternity ward of Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital, Zanjan, Iran, in 2022. Eligible participants were selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using the RMC Questionnaire, the Lips Maternal Self-Confidence Scale (LMSCS), and the Brockington Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ). Maternal self-confidence and RMC were assessed at discharge, and mother-infant bonding was evaluated six weeks postpartum. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 16 at a 95 percent confidence level. The total score of RMC and its dimensions were significantly higher in the group benefiting from RMC, except for the nondiscriminatory care dimension (p = .001). However, the direct relationship between RMC exposure and mother-infant bonding was not significant (p = .258). Promoting a respectful and supportive childbirth environment is essential for enhancing maternal and infant outcomes.

Our study aimed to investigate the relationship of knowledge, attitude, and practice towards nutrition (KAP) with socio-demographic and anthropometric factors among bodybuilders in Zanjan, Iran, in 2019. In three parts, we performed a cross-sectional study of 220 male bodybuilders across Zanjan City, Iran. First, we assessed the KAP of our athletes with a standard survey questionnaire of KAP. Subsequently, socio-demographic variables were assessed using a self-reported questionnaire, while anthropometric measurements, including height, weight, and BMI, were obtained through standardized and. A total of 220 male bodybuilders participated in our study. The mean nutrition knowledge (NK) score was 86.33, indicating a good level of knowledge among participants. Marital status and education, use of supplements, supplement usage, nutritional interventions provided by a registered nutritionist, bodybuilding history, and smoking had no significant relationship with KAP. Alcohol consumption showed no significant correlation with knowledge, attitude, or practice. Age was positively correlated with attitude, while no significant correlation was found with knowledge or practice. BMI exhibited a significant inverse correlation with practice, but no significant correlation was observed with knowledge or attitude. Our results showed that the NK of bodybuilders in Zanjan city of Iran was good, and there was no significant relevance between socio-demographic factors and KAP, except for alcohol consumption. This demonstrates a substantial NK gap among bodybuilders regarding alcohol use and supplement use, necessitating nutritional education programs for athletes. Not applicable. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13102-025-01196-1.

Background: Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain poses a significant burden on patients and the healthcare system. Due to its potential for tissue regeneration, minimally invasive administration, and affordability, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has recently gained attention in the management of SIJ pain. Although PRP is widely used for musculoskeletal conditions, there is limited evidence regarding its application in SIJ pain. Objectives: This study aims to assess the impact of PRP injections in patients with chronic SIJ pain that is unresponsive to conservative treatments. Methods: This study is a single-arm, open-label clinical trial. Patients aged between 30 and 80 years with chronic SIJ pain were included. Platelet-rich plasma was prepared from autologous blood and injected into the SIJ under ultrasound (US) guidance. Pain intensity was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and functional disability was measured using the Modified Oswestry Disability Index (MODI) before the intervention, as well as one month and three months post-injection. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS version 23 to evaluate changes over time. Results: A total of 16 patients were included in the study. At the one-month follow-up, the mean pain intensity dropped to 5.19 ± 2.66, followed by a slight increase to 5.75 ± 2.54 at the three-month follow-up. The mean MODI score was 67.00 ± 8.42 at baseline, improving to 46.75 ± 21.46 at one month, and slightly increasing to 50.50 ± 19.98 at three months. The overall changes in pain intensity and disability index over the three months were statistically significant (P < 0.001). No significant adverse events were reported. Conclusions: Platelet-rich plasma injection resulted in significant pain reduction and functional improvement for chronic SIJ pain over three months, suggesting its potential as a minimally invasive therapeutic alternative for patients who are unresponsive to conventional therapies. While PRP appears to be a safe modality for SIJ pain management, further studies with larger sample sizes and extended follow-ups are needed to explore its effectiveness and safety.

The study aimed to determine the application of the health belief model (HBM) in the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among health workers in 2021. The cross-sectional study was conducted on 3600 health workers from February to March 2021. Data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire that included the intention to receive vaccines based on the health belief model constructs. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics indicators, Chi-square, ANOVA test, and logistic regression model at a 95% confidence level. More than 62% of the participants intended to receive the vaccine. The odds of intention to receive the vaccine among people who worked in the health center and did not have a history of hospitalization due to COVID-19 disease were 1.50 and 2.10 units more than the others. Intention to receive the vaccine in individuals with high perceived sensitivity was 1.10 units. Furthermore, in terms of perceived benefits, self-efficacy, and cue-to-action constructs were 1.15, 1.34, and 1.65 units respectively. The rate of vaccine acceptance among Iranian health care workers was relatively good and the constructs of HBM in predicting the rate of intention to receive the vaccine had good applicability.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) procure is related with elevated morbidity and mortality, early diagnosis of which is important for effective management of these patients. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a secreted glycoprotein in response to inflammation. Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate the role of serum NGAL in predicting AKI in a group of Iranian patients undergoing CABG. Patients and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional prospective study conducted on 79 patients undergoing CABG from Mousavi hospital, Zanjan, Iran. The blood samples for serum creatinine and plasma NGAL levels were collected before anesthesia induction and at 12th, 24th and 48th hour’s post-operative. The plasma NGAL level was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The incidence of AKI was known by the risk-injury-failure-loss-end-stage renal disease (RIFLE) criteria. Results: In 23 cases (29%) AKI development was detected. In a 24-hour follow-up, the mean serum creatinine values did not change in patients while the mean plasma NGAL level was elevated within 12 hours post-operatively (207.2±180.8 ng/mL and 119.26±103.5 ng/mL in the AKI and non-AKI groups, respectively). The plasma NGAL level measured after CABG (with the cut-off point equal to 126.4 ng/mL) showed a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 81% for the prediction of AKI. In AKI group, no patient had grade 3 AKI and neither required dialysis. Conclusion: These data indicated that the plasma NGAL levels could be potentially utilized for early diagnosis of AKI in patients undergoing CABG.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common illness among hospitalized patients, which increases mortality and morbidity rate. Creatinine and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) are the most commonly conducted biomarkers of AKI. Objectives: The aim of current study was to assess NGAL as an early biomarker for AKI diagnosis following contrast agents. Patients and Methods: To follow the aim of the present case-control research, 165 individuals were entered the study; 80 patients were selected from Valiasr hospital of Zanjan city, and 85 healthy individuals were enrolled voluntarily. There were not any significant differences in sex distribution among healthy subjects. Plasma NGAL and creatinine were measured immediately before and at 12 and 72 hours post-contrast agents’ exposure. Results: There were 89 males and 76 females in the study groups. The mean age was 61.3 ± 18.2 years and 62.1 ± 17.2 years in the intervention and healthy groups, respectively. The mean of serum creatinine and NGAL level were 1.0± 0.2 mg/dL and 63.6 ±23.6 ng/mL in the control and 0.92 ± 0.23 mg/dL and 110 ± 82.3 ng/mL in the case group, respectively. There were remarkable different between serum NGAL and creatinine in the both groups. The NGAL level in the healthy and the patient group were 63.6 ± 23.6 ng/mL and 100.1 ± 121.7 ng/mL, respectively, which was considerably different between the case and control groups (P=0.01). The highest level of specificity and sensitivity were 86 and 55.5; they could be the main appropriate options for defining cut off. Conclusion: The findings showed, that NGAL level is an extremely specific and sensitive indicator for AKI diagnosis after 72 hours. Hence, this approach can open a novel insight into the AKI therapies.

Background and Objective: Febrile seizures are one of the most common neurological disorders in children. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent of abnormal EEG reports and its association with other risk factors of febrile seizures. Materials and Methods: In this prospective observational study, all patients with febrile seizure ...