Pedro Manuel Garcia Villaverde

In a context of rapidly evolving business landscapes, this study delves into the intricate factors shaping pioneering orientation, focusing particularly on organizational agility in operational and market dimensions. The research, conducted with 302 companies in Peru's World Heritage Cities, utilizes structural equation modeling to analyze mediation and moderation. The results indicate that operational agility significantly influences pioneering orientation, both directly and indirectly, through its effect on market agility. Moreover, relational trust plays a distinctive moderating role in these relationships. The findings suggest that companies should strategically channel their agility from operational to market domains to enhance pioneering orientation while being mindful of the potential consequences of excessive trust in relational networks. This study provides valuable insights for businesses navigating dynamic environments, encouraging companies to skillfully manage both operational and market agility to strengthen their PO, creating a competitive internal environment that supports the early development of new products and services.

This article aims to analyze the impact of bonding capital and bridging capital on the scientific results of research groups. The paper contributes to the literature on social capital by going beyond the idea of a linear relationship and reviews the balance between the advantages and disadvantages of bonding capital and its interaction with bridging capital. An empirical study was carried out with 1127 Colombian university research groups from the field of engineering and technology. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the proposed hypotheses. The results show that the benefits of bonding social capital are maintained up to a level of centrality, above which the returns of the groups are reduced, adopting an inverted U shape. Moreover, when the members of the research groups diversify their research activities and fulfil relationships that go beyond the limits of their group, this curvilinear relationship is moderated, improving the opportunity to successfully exploit the social capital derived from dense and cohesive ties. The novel contribution of this study lies in linking different types of social capital —bonding and bridging capital—to test their impact on the results of the research groups and in the proposal and testing of a moderate curvilinear relationship, which allows us to advance in this line of research.

Interest in the literature on tourism destination sustainability has grown notably in recent years, underlining the need for a greater strategic commitment by hospitality and tourism firms (HTFs). However, it is necessary to understand why certain firms develop a greater sustainability orientation (SO), delving into how the relational factors determine the SO of HTFs, which has been demanded, but not addressed. The aim of this paper is to analyze the mediating role of absorptive capacity in explaining the influence of bonding capital and bridging capital on the SO of HTFs in destinations. The empirical study was developed in a sample of 238 HTFs in Peru. Specifically, we focused on the UNESCO-recognized World Heritage Cities, which include the historic centers of Lima, Cusco and Arequipa. Using Partial Least Squares (PLS) to analyze the results, we found that bonding capital has a direct effect on SO and a mediating effect through absorptive capacity. Bridging capital has no direct effect, influencing SO only through absorptive capacity. Thus, we highlight the importance of absorptive capacity as a key element that drives social capital, especially the bridging dimension, towards a higher SO. Managers of HTFs should combine relationships with agents inside and outside the destination to reinforce their strategic commitment to sustainable development.

This paper focuses on the moderating role of knowledge strategy between threat of imitation and pioneering orientation (PO) in tourism and hospitality firms (THFs) located in cultural destinations. First, it studies the moderation of knowledge exploitation strategy and knowledge exploration strategy separately. Second, it analyzes the moderating effect of combined knowledge strategy, which includes exploitation and exploration. The sample consists of 215 THFs located in World Heritage Cities (WHCs) in Spain. The results show divergent moderating roles. While knowledge exploitation strategy positively moderates the relationship between the threat of imitation and PO, the moderating effect of knowledge exploration strategy is negative. Moreover, combined knowledge strategy also moderates the relationship between threat of imitation and PO. This study contributes to the empirical literature by analyzing different knowledge strategies and highlighting the need for simultaneous consideration of exploitation and exploration of knowledge in THFs located in tourism destinations.

El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar la relación entre el capital social (bonding y bridging) y los resultados de los grupos de investigación, desarrollo tecnológico e innovación de las instituciones de educación superior (IES) en el Departamento del Atlántico, Colombia. Se analizó la literatura existente (Scielo, Scopus, Elsevier y Emerald) entre el año 2010 y 2020. Se compararon los referentes bibliográficos de capital social con los indicadores del perfil de colaboración de los grupos de investigación categorizados por el Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología del Departamento del Atlántico. Los principales hallazgos destacan que las relaciones que los investigadores establecen, permiten generar valor institucional porque promueven el aprendizaje y responden a necesidades del entono. Se concluye que siendo las IES generadoras de nuevo conocimiento, parte de sus resultados se ven representados por la relación interna y externa de los grupos de investigación, los cuales facilitan y fortalecen el trabajo en la medida que establecen conexiones de cohesión y cooperación.

The aim of this research is to study the mediating role of the learning process in explaining the relationships between certain psychological and biographical characteristics and entrepreneurial intention. The findings suggest that the effect of psychological and biographical aspects on entrepreneurial intention depend on the extent to which students are able to take advantage of their personal capabilities in order to develop an effective learning process. Learning process factors (information about course guides, student effort and educational processes) mediate the relationships between specific psychological factors (achievement need, internal control and autonomy) and entrepreneurial intention. With regard to biographical factors, we find no mediating effect on entrepreneurial intention through the learning process. The present study provides a better understanding of the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention, helping to fill the gap in the literature.