Xufeng Zhang

Photothermal conversion (PTC) enables materials to convert light energy, particularly in the near‐infrared region, into heat. Photothermal materials have been widely applied in energy harvesting, sensing, and cancer therapy, while photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a noninvasive tumor treatment with high targeting capability and low toxicity. Liquid metals (LMs) are promising photothermal agents due to their low toxicity, degradability, and tunable photothermal properties. However, their high reflectivity and poor stability significantly hinder practical applications. Herein, the three‐phase system consisting of LMs, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and methanol (CH ₃ OH) is developed. Through contact electrification (CE) at the multiphase interface, mechanical energy is converted into chemical energy, thereby clipping CH ₃ OH molecules to synthesize LMs nanoparticles (LMNPs). LMNPs exhibit excellent photothermal performance and stability. Within 10 min, the photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) is calculated to be 67.89% in the centrifugal liquid and 36.25% in deionized water, corresponding to heating rates of 4.74 and 5.96°C/min, respectively. Assays in vitro demonstrate that, at a concentration of 2000 µg/mL, the material reduces tumor cell viability to 54.57% while exhibiting no detectable cytotoxicity, indicating good biosafety. This work provides a novel surface engineering strategy for expanding the application of LMs in PTT.

Flexible electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with high conductivity, mechanical compliance, and structural stability are highly desirable, yet remain challenging due to difficulty of integrated functionality. This study introduces a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) metalgel designed for flexible EMI shielding, where eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn) droplets are stabilized through interfacial coordination and in situ polymerization. Sodium methallyl sulfonate (SMAS) serves as a reactive interfacial mediator. The sulfonate groups coordinate with the oxide layer on the EGaIn droplets, concurrently establishing an interfacial polymer layer through in situ polymerization. Coupled with freeze-induced crystallization of PVA, a hierarchical dual-network metalgel is constructed, effectively immobilizing EGaIn droplet as continuum to form adaptive conductive pathway. Benefitting from the synergistic interfacial stabilization, the metalgel exhibits a high conductivity of 5.2 × 104 S m-1 and an EMI shielding effectiveness of 65.94 dB at a thickness of 325 μm in the X-band frequency. Meanwhile, the metalgel maintains stable electrical performance during repeated bending, with a relative resistance variation below 5% after 500 cycles. This work offers a facile and effective interfacial strategy for constructing mechanically robust and electrically stable metalgels, and provides a promising route toward flexible EMI shielding materials.

The self-assembled IO-SnO ₂ /CdTe QDs/PS II inverse-opal bioelectrodes show high PEC photocurrent, as CdTe QDs convert green to red light for PS II reabsorption and the macroporous network promotes PS II loading and interfacial electron transfer.