Wai Kai Hou

Background: Emerging evidence suggested the role of sleep and circadian rhythm in the development of mental resilience, but the association of an integrated analysis of objective sleep and circadian measures with multifaceted mental resilience in healthy adults has been underexplored. Objective: This study aims to explore the associations between multifaceted mental resilience and sleep and circadian rhythm in healthy adults. Methods: A total of 156 healthy adults (Age: Mean (SD): 29.54 (5.28) years; 60.9% female) underwent 14-day actigraphy, one night polysomnography (PSG) and dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) assessments. Resilience was operationalized as both a coping capacity and a positive mental health outcome in the context of accumulative adversity (life stressful events and childhood adversities). We first identified the covariance patterns between multiple sleep and circadian health domains (Sleep macro- and microstructures, dim light melatonin onset, rest activity pattern) and multifaceted mental resilience using partial least squares regression (PLSR), and followed by univariate analysis as complementary to illustrate the distribution trends of sleep and circadian rhythm parameters across integrative resilience score derived from principal component analysis (PCA). Findings: The PLSR model identified a modest but significant association of greater mental resilience with a sleep and circadian profile (Bootstrapping r = 0.15, 95%CI: 0.02-0.28), characterized by greater frontal-central slow waves activity in NREM sleep, greater frontal theta activity in REM sleep, lower occipital spectral power across fast and slow frequency bands in NREM and REM sleep, and probably earlier dim light melatonin onset timing. Conclusions: Sleep and circadian metrics, specifically frontal slow waves and REM theta activity, attenuated overall occipital spectral power during sleep, and earlier dim light melatonin onset time, represent quantifiable targets that may serve to improve resilience and stress-related mental health in adults. Longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to establish whether sleep interventions can be endorsed as evidence-based approaches for resilience enhancement. Clinical implications: Targeting sleep and circadian aspects may be an important approach to promote stress-related mental health. What is already known on the topic: Sleep and circadian rhythm are theorized to contribute to mental resilience, but the association of an integrated analysis of objective sleep and circadian measures with multifaceted mental resilience remains limited. What this study adds: This study is unique in identifying a modest but significant associations of greater multifaceted mental resilience with a sleep and circadian profile that characterized by greater frontal-central slow waves activity in NREM sleep, greater frontal theta activity in REM sleep, lower occipital power across fast and slow frequency bands in NREM and REM sleep, and probably earlier dim light melatonin onset timing. How this study might affect research, practice or policy: This study shows that sleep and circadian rhythm are linked to resilience. The findings underscore the potential value of interventions designed to modify sleep and circadian domains in order to support stress-related mental health.

Childhood trauma is widely recognised as a prevalent public health concern with potential long-term impacts on health, wellbeing and development across the lifespan. In Australia, findings from a n...

Purpose of review: The present study aims to provide an up-to-date umbrella review of existing meta-analyses of randomized control trials (RCT) of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) among patients with heart failure (HF). Recent findings: The umbrella review covered five meta-analyses published in the past five years with 18 primary studies (conducted between 2010 and 2022) of 1,687 non-duplicated patients aged 51.63 to 77.40. Primary studies originated from the USA, Sweden, Netherlands, China, Iran, and Philippines. Common benefits of CBT included depressive symptoms (89%), quality of life (56%), anxiety symptoms (39%), self-care (33%), 6-minute walk distance (33%), and health status (17%). Evidence varied depending on the timepoint of follow-up assessment and the specific measurement used to evaluate the outcome. No meta-analyses pooled the effect sizes for iCBT and analyzed the specific therapeutic elements in CBT. No meta-regression was performed. Summary: Individual participant data meta-analyses with meta-regression should be performed to identify common moderators and factors that can influence treatment adherence. The current research would also benefit from additional RCT evidence focusing specifically on iCBT for patients with HF.

Natural disasters threaten population mental health. Acceptance, denoting recognition and assent of the finality of a situation, is a coping strategy that has been recommended following major disasters. This study investigates this topic for which existing findings are mixed. A survey was administered among a population‐representative Turkish national sample ( N = 7585) recruited through the internet panel of TGM Research (September–October 2023). We examined how acceptance and its interaction with cognitive integration (i.e., finding sense in a stressful event and finding significance in life after the event) were associated with common psychiatric symptoms. Respondents with high acceptance showed higher symptoms of anxiety, depression and PTSD. These associations were stronger when respondents also reported low perceived significance in life after the event. In the post‐disaster phase, the adaptiveness of acceptance could interplay with other factors, such as how much an individual finds significance in life following the disaster.