Rutao Wang

Composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) hold immense promise for high‐energy‐density solid‐state lithium metal batteries, yet their practical application remains severely hampered by filler agglomeration and sluggish interfacial Li ⁺ transport. Herein, dual‐functional supramolecular bridging networks are constructed by employing lithiated carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC‐Li) as dynamic bridges to interconnect polydopamine (PDA)‐modified Li _6.28 Al _0.24 La ₃ Zr ₂ O ₁₂ (LLZAO) fillers within a PVDF‐HFP matrix. This synergistic architecture helps promote a more uniform filler dispersion and actively mediates ion solvation dynamics via simultaneous anion trapping and cation extraction. Crucially, this dual‐regulation fundamentally mitigates the space‐charge layer (SCL) effect at organic‐inorganic boundaries, actively unlocking a highly efficient trans‐phase Li ⁺ percolation pathway through the LLZAO ceramic bulk, thereby bypassing conventionally sluggish interfacial routes. The resulting spatially homogeneous ion flux may reduce localized current hotspots and suppress lithium dendrite proliferation. Consequently, the optimized PVPL electrolyte empowers Li||Li symmetrical cells to maintain stable plating/stripping over 1400 h. Furthermore, LiFePO ₄ ||PVPL||Li full cells deliver 83% capacity retention after 400 cycles at 2 C, while NCM811||PVPL||Li cells maintain 88% capacity retention over 200 cycles. This dual‐functional bridging strategy establishes a generalizable and effective paradigm for engineering advanced CSEs with optimized structural and Li ⁺ transport kinetics.

A carbon-free silicon-phosphorus composite anode is developed, where the lithiated Li _x P phase of amorphous red phosphorus can alleviate the mechanical failure and improve kinetics.

All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) feature reliable safety, high energy density, and stable cycling, stepping into the key development and application stage. However, a main challenge impeding their further commercialization arises from the complex mechano-(electro)chemical coupling effects at the cathode active material (CAM)/solid-state electrolyte (SSE) interface, which critically governs interfacial contact integrity, ion transport efficiency, and overall cell performance and lifespan. Innovatively, this review decouples and independently analyzes two core degradation pathways: mechanical failure induced by stress accumulation and structural evolution and (electro)chemical degradation driven by space charge layer (SCL) formation, elemental diffusion, and interfacial reactions. Corresponding stabilization strategies are critically evaluated, including strain-mitigating designs such as single-crystal cathodes, near-zero-strain materials, deformable electrolytes, and pressure-adaptive assembly, complemented by (electro)chemical passivation through coating and buffer layers. Ultimately, this work elaborates in detail on the integrated coupling mechanisms, surveys advanced characterization techniques, and proposes future research directions, offering theoretical and methodological guidance for ASSLB development.

Silicon, known for its high Li⁺ storage capacity, low redox potential, abundant reserves, and low cost, is regarded as a promising anode material for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLBs). Nevertheless, its practical application is hindered by severe volume expansion and sluggish reaction kinetics. Herein, Si@Mg₃N₂ composites are synthesized via a vacuum evaporation method, wherein ultrasmall Mg₃N₂ nanoparticles with an average size of 9 nm are uniformly coated onto the surface of commercial silicon microsheets. During the initial lithiation process, these Mg₃N₂ nanoparticles undergo an in situ phase transformation, forming a Li-Mg-Si alloy, Li-Mg alloy, and Li₃N irreversibly. The resulting Li-rich substances with the mixed ionic/electronic conductive function effectively mitigate the substantial volume expansion associated with the Li-Si alloying reaction (reducing it from 210% to 38.6%), thereby enhancing electrode kinetics and mechanical stability. As a result, the Si@Mg₃N₂ composite anode delivers a reversible capacity of 2619 mAh g^-1 at 0.1 A g^-1 and maintains a discharge capacity of 1460 mAh g^-1 even at a high rate of 5 A g^-1 in half-cell configurations. Furthermore, ASSLBs incorporating the Si@Mg₃N₂ anode exhibit excellent rate capability (50.8 mAh g^-1 at 40 C) and robust cycling stability (61.6% capacity retention after 1000 cycles).

Low-crystallinity Ga ₂ S ₃ /C nanowires possess more active sites and lower Na ⁺ diffusion barrier, thus delivering better sodium storage performance in specific capacity and rate capability than its high-crystallinity counterpart.

Incorporating highly conductive TiN significantly improves the rate performance and cycling stability of Si anodes.

Sodium-ion capacitors (SICs), recognized for their low cost, safety and high-power output capabilities, have emerged as a promising complement to sodium-ion batteries. However, their hybrid design, which integrates a sluggish battery-type negative electrode with a fast capacitive positive electrode, presents a significant challenge: kinetics mismatch. This mismatch often results in reduced energy delivery at high rates. Herein, we introduce a novel composite structure where metallic Bi nanoparticles are uniformly embedded within amorphous carbon microsheets (referred to as Bi-C). This innovative design effectively mitigates the Na⁺ diffusion limitations and the substantial volume changes of Bi during sodiation, facilitating rapid and durable alloying processes. This Bi-C composite anode then can operate efficiently at high rates exceeding 100.0 A g^-1 and maintains stability over 10,000 cycles, effectively bridging the kinetic gap with a capacitive porous carbon cathode. A SIC based on this kinetically and mechanically optimized Bi-C composite anode achieves unprecedented levels of energy and power outputs, delivering a maximum energy density of 131 Wh kg^-1, an exceptionally high specific power of 112.5 kW kg^-1, and a long cycling life over 20,000 cycles. Moreover, this SIC demonstrates stable performance even at low temperatures down to -40°C.

A spherulite-packed polymer electrolyte (SP-PHLS) was prepared by modulating phase separation with TEGDME and in situ polymerization of AMPSLi, enabling a synergistic physical–electrostatic barrier to suppress polysulfide shuttling.