Shuqi Chen

Optical metasurfaces offer significant advantages for nanoscale light manipulation, enabling advanced high‐resolution optical displays such as near‐field nanoprinting and far‐field holography. However, integrating continuous grayscale nanoprinting with vectorial holography simultaneously has remained a challenge. Here, we propose a novel strategy to achieve this crucial multifunctionalities by developing a visible‐band dielectric diatomic metasurface, whose unit cell is ingeniously designed to comprise multiple silicon nanopillars functioning as nanostructured half‐wave and quarter‐wave plates. Through engineered phase relationships, these nanopillars can collectively cooperate to convert arbitrary incident polarization states into linearly polarized light, with the polarization angle precisely controlled by nanopillar rotation. More importantly, without altering the polarization state, the transmitted light phase is further tailored by introducing a propagation phase via careful geometric design of the nanopillars. This independent and complete control over both arbitrary‐to‐linear polarization conversion and transmission phase allows our diatomic metasurface to concurrently realize versatile optical displays in both near and far fields. To verify its multifunctional light manipulation ability, several metasurface samples were fabricated and characterized, successfully demonstrating continuous or multi‐level grayscale nanoprinting alongside vectorial holography. We anticipate that the proposed strategy will offer new perspectives for metasurface‐based multifunctional optical display and integration.

Nonlinear chiral metasurfaces represent a compelling platform for spin-selective light–matter interactions and multidimensional optical information processing. However, existing designs are typically restricted to single-parameter manipulation or rely on intricate supercell architectures, making simultaneous and independent control of multiple wavefront degrees of freedom challenging. Here, we present a streamlined design paradigm for nonlinear chiral metasurfaces, in which spin-selective and independent modulation of amplitude and phase can be achieved by adjusting merely two geometric parameters of a single chiral meta-atom. As a proof of concept, we implement a multifunctional metasurface by arranging spatially segregated enantiomeric structures, experimentally demonstrate spin-selective dual-channel nonlinear imaging in real and Fourier space under left- and right-circularly polarized fundamental excitation. Each polarization channel simultaneously generates a near-field grayscale image (real space) and its corresponding far-field holographic reconstruction (Fourier space). This work paves the way toward multifunctional, high-efficiency, and ultracompact nonlinear photonic devices.

Edge artificial intelligence (AI) and embodied vision call for compact, fast, and energy-efficient hardware that integrates sensing, linear analog computation, and nonlinear activation, while flexibly reallocating these functions as workloads change. However, in-sensor computing (ISC) and in-memory computing (IMC) platforms still implement activation with external peripherals and use fixed functional partitions, which break the analog signal path and restrict system reconfigurability. Here, we report a reconfigurable ferroelectric transistor (Fe-FET) array in which polarization-programmed local fields enable junction-barrier engineering in ambipolar tungsten diselenide (WSe ₂ ) channel. This junction-barrier engineering mechanism co-programs photoresponsivity, multilevel conductance, and tunable nonlinear transport within the same device, allowing each Fe-FET cell to be reassigned among weighted sensing (ISC), linear accumulation (IMC), and hardware-native activation. The array therefore functions as a uniform pool of physical units whose roles and spatial partitions can be dynamically allocated to match task demands without changing the hardware platform. Using this role-reconfigurable platform, we implement an end-to-end analog neuromorphic vision system in which broadband sensing, linear computation, and nonlinear activation are executed natively on the same Fe-FET platform. These results establish a task-adaptive and energy-efficient route toward scalable neuromorphic vision hardware for edge intelligence.

Benefiting from their exceptional capability for manipulation of versatile light properties, metasurfaces have emerged as a promising platform for optical encryption. However, existing metasurface‐based encryption schemes are often constrained by limited concealment and a lack of post‐fabrication reconfigurability. Here, we propose a reconfigurable steganographic strategy that integrates metasurface‐enabled optical encryption with hidden cryptographic algorithms. In this scheme, chaotic encryption and steganographic algorithms are jointly employed to embed cryptographic ciphertexts and keys into four optically encoded meta‐images in a highly concealed manner. A single‐layer silicon metasurface independently encodes these meta‐images across multiple optical dimensions, including wavelength, polarization, and spatial distance (near‐ and far‐field), under white‐light and monochromatic illumination. Most importantly, the ciphertexts and keys as well as the choice of encryption algorithm are decoupled from the metasurface and can be flexibly updated via network control, enabling reconfigurable encryption without modifying the metasurface. Experiments confirm that secret images can only be recovered through the cooperative implementation of optical and algorithmic decryption. Our work has improved the security, concealment, and reconfigurability of metasurface‐based optical encryption, offering new opportunities for dynamic and interactive information‐security applications.

Engineering spin‐selective light‐matter interactions in photonic systems requires precise control of the radiative loss, optical chirality, and dispersion of resonant modes; however, these properties are intricately dependent on the structural parameters, making their independent tuning challenging. Herein, a partially etched dielectric metasurface supporting an intrinsic chiral quasi‐guided mode (QGM) with flatband dispersion is proposed, for which the quality (Q) factor and circular dichroism (CD) can be independently modulated. The QGM is generated via Brillouin zone folding, with its flatband dispersion remaining robust against structural variations within a certain range. The radiative loss and spin‐dependent coupling strength of the QGM can be independently engineered by adjusting the scaling ratio and rotation angle of individual nanostructures, enabling decoupled control of Q factor and CD while maintaining the flatband dispersion. Experimental measurements of the chiral QGM confirm the independent tunability of Q factor and CD, demonstrating angle‐insensitive linear and nonlinear CD. Our work establishes a general physical mechanism for realizing flatband QGMs with independently tunable Q factor and CD, providing a versatile platform for next‐generation functional chiral metasurfaces with potential applications in chiral emission, harmonic generation, and ultrasensitive optical sensing.

Non-Abelian topological insulators, arising from a non-Abelian gauge field, not only link to particle physics and the strong and weak forces of nature, but also create coveted topological phenomena with remarkable properties. Although significant efforts have been made to develop artificial non-Abelian gauge fields, few of them applied to momentum space to realize non-Abelian topological insulators. Here, we propose a scheme to create artificial SU(2) gauge fields in phononic crystals. By implementing this scheme to a non-Abelian Hofstadter model, we overcome the challenge of constructing an analog of the non-Abelian magnetic field in momentum space that opens nontrivial band gaps. We experimentally realize and observe such a non-Abelian topological insulating phase in a phononic crystal. Furthermore, we experimentally investigate the spin rotation and flipping phenomena of non-Abelian topological boundary states along a specific plane of the Bloch sphere, which are linked to the signatures of the underlying non-Abelian gauge field. Our Letter not only opens the door to the realization and characterization of non-Abelian topological insulators, but also provides a reconfigurable platform for exploring non-Abelian physics in a classical system.

Optical analog spatial differentiation, as the core mathematical operation in optical computing, can realize real‐time edge detection in image processing and efficient feature extraction in data compression. Although analog spatial differential operations have been implemented in various optical systems, they still suffer from complex structural parameters dependency and a typically limited numerical aperture (NA) of smaller than 0.5. To date, achieving simultaneous first‐ and second‐order spatial differentiation with NA higher than 0.5 remains an unresolved challenge, even considering recent advances in metasurface‐based analog computing. Here, we propose a synergistic mechanism combining critical coupling and near‐far‐field multi‐wave superposition to simultaneously achieve ultra‐high‐NA analog spatial first‐ and second‐order differentiation. Operating in two orthogonal polarization modes, numerical simulations indicate that the maximum angle of incidence can reach 89.9°, corresponding to an NA approaching unity and yielding a spatial resolution limit of 1.27λ. Experimentally, the maximum incident angle achieved is 75°, corresponding to an NA of 0.966 and a spatial resolution limit of 1.3λ. We also propose the theoretical imaging resolution limit Δ(NA, λ) for edge detection. Our strategy significantly expands analog spatial computing to the non‐paraxial region, which is pivotal in the upcoming high‐speed communication, and can benefit future multifunctional terahertz imaging, computational analysis, medical diagnostics, and machine vision.