Balzhan Nurmanovna Kabylbekova

An effective approach to maintaining uninterrupted coolant flow in heat supply systems—and thereby reducing energy consumption—is to prevent the formation of corrosion-scale deposits on the inner surfaces of metal pipes. This is typically achieved by performing anti-corrosion treatment on the coolant. However, the efficiency of this method depends on several factors, including pipe conditions, water flow rate, and water composition. To inhibit corrosion and scale formation on the internal surfaces of pipelines, specific inhibitors are used to create protective films on the metal surface. For strong adhesion of these films, preliminary chemical cleaning of the metal surface with low-concentration acid solutions is essential. This cleaning is usually performed in circulation mode for several hours. The activated surface enhances inhibitor adhesion, leading to the formation of films with improved protective properties. The quality of the anticorrosive films was evaluated using a JSM-6490LV scanning electron microscope equipped with INCAEnergy energy-dispersive microanalysis systems, HKL-Basic structural analysis, ContrAA-300 atomic adsorption spectrometer, and potentiostat IPC-Pro MF.

One of the pressing issues today is common salt purification from harmful impurities and production of salt for medical and household purposes. To obtain high-purity sodium chloride salt, it is necessary to develop more effective methods for purifying salt from impurities. The article discusses modern methods for purifying Suzak deposit common salt from harmful impurities. The main goal of the scientific work is to study the methods of purifying sodium chloride from impurities. The common salt raw material composition was studied. The content of impurities of Са2+, Мg2+ and SO42- ions and heavy metals Pb (II), Cu (II), Cd (II), As (V) was determined. The solubility in the systems NаСl-Nа2SO4-Нᡃ2O, NaCl-CaCl2-H2O and NаСl-MgCl2-H2O at a temperature of 100-110°C was studied. The effect of temperature and time on the common salt purification degree using active reagents was studied. It was found that the highest common salt purification degree from Са2+, Мg2+ and SO42- at 30 minutes and 90°C, respectively, is 99.8%, 99.9%, 99.93%. It was found that the use of a three-component mixture of Mg(OН)2:СаCО3:CaSO4 in a ratio of 1:4-5:6-7 for 20 minutes during purification allows purifying the NaCl solution from trace impurities of Pb(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), As(V) by 92.0-97.7% and obtaining 99.4% NaCI. To obtain high-purity salt, effective purification methods of salt from impurities are recommended, allowing to achieve a purification level of up to 99%.

In the chemical industry, one of the promising areas is the development of effective technologies for obtaining high-quality mineral fertilizers and feed mineral fertilizers from unconditional phosphate raw materials and improving their technical and economic indicators and agrochemical properties of products. Moreover, the solution to these problems should be carried out on the basis of low-grade raw materials poor in phosphorus content. Such low-grade ores include phosphorites of the Chilisay mine. Phosphorites of this deposit have a number of specific features that create certain difficulties and contain a large number of carbonates, in terms of carbon dioxide reaching 4.56-6.34%, as well as glauconites. When decomposing such phosphorites, large volumes of very stable foam are formed, which complicates the decomposition of phosphorus raw materials and reduces the useful volume of the decomposition chamber by 60-80%, increases the loading time of phosphorite and, accordingly, increases the total time of the process. The objective of the work is to research the process of obtaining high-quality monocalcium phosphate, as well as to determine the optimal decomposition parameters of low-grade phosphate raw materials and to increase the product yield. Based on the conducted research of the Chilisayphosphorite decomposition, monocalcium phosphate was obtained.

The use of metal galvanic zinc coatings for protection against corrosion reaches broad indicators due to their obvious advantages: simplicity of preparation, low cost, environmental friendliness, and a long period of resistance to the effects of an aggressive environment on the coating. Sulfuric electrolytes of galvanizing containing a complex of SAS used in combination with each other were investigated. Their effective influence on the protective properties and appearance of zinc coatings is shown. The qualitative and quantitative composition of zinc coatings on a JSM-6490LV raster electron microscope with the systems of energy dispersive microanalysis of INSAEnergu and HKL - Basicc structural analysis with a useful magnification of 300,000 was investigated. Obtained non-porous, fine-crystalline, dense, bright galvanic zinc coatings from electrolytes with surfactants with good adhesion to the base, a comparison of their quality is given, conclusions are made.