Xiaoliang Hu

近年来，随着中国城乡差距的不断缩小，如何实现城乡融合发展逐渐成为中国人文地理学界讨论的热点话题，然而已有研究仍缺乏对城乡融合发展参与主体的探讨。近些年，日本学界与政界提出“田园回归”理念，关注人的主体性，提倡以城市乡村化为前提的城乡融合发展主体多元化，并以此尝试构建新型城乡关系。论文首先介绍了田园回归的提出背景及概念内涵。随后，从主体视角出发，通过对日本相关政策、时代背景、重大历史事件及社会舆论等内容的梳理，分析了田园回归理念下日本城乡融合发展的多元主体变迁过程，总结出“定居人口→移居人口→交流人口→关系人口”的变迁路径，表明参与日本城乡融合发展事业的相关社会群体范围在不断扩大。此外，田园回归理念还践行不以经济增长为唯一目标的发展观，注重社会主体价值的实现，为中国城乡融合发展提供了重要启示。

Understanding how human mobilities reconstruct contemporary rural space is of great significance to multifunctional rural transition. However, conventional approaches adopted by social surveys have a technological restriction on collecting data of individual behavior, such as limited samples, subjective self-reported data, and time-consuming investigation. This study proposes a data-driven methodology to explore multifunctionality of rural space by employing the real-time Tencent user quantity (RTUQ) data to analyze the quantity and distribution of observables in rural space. Based on over 250,000 records of hourly RTUQ data during a one-week research period, we perceive spatiotemporal variation of human mobilities in three differentiated villages in Suzhou, China, as well as measure function of residence, employment and consumption on holidays, weekdays and weekends using original equations of function index. Results show that the RTUQ data is valid and reliable for perceiving dynamic patterns of human mobilities at village level, as well as offering new implication for transitional pathways of decision-making. The proposed method is proved to be suitable for distinguishing and comparing multifunctionality of rural space in various times and places, future research on exploring contemporary rural space towards multifunctionality with more geospatial big data is put forward.