Hasan Bagheri

A simple platform based on merging silver nanozymes with gold nanoparticles as sensing elements for chronic kidney disease diagnosis and post-transplant monitoring.

To find the cause of infectious diseases such as urinary tract infections, a the diagnostic patterning test was used. In this method, the whole blood and serum samples for every person were dried on a glass substrate to create a special pattern due to formation of central and peripheral regions. This process was performed during 1 h at 25 °C which is much shorter than the classical and instrumental methods. The resulting patterns can be observed by an optical microscope. The study aimed to classify the UTI patients and healthy controls (N=600). In addition, the images of dried patterns were captured by a camera and the classification analysis was done by convolutional neural network algorithm, executed by graphical user interface. The result of analysis was available after a few minutes, indicating that the proposed method achieved accuracies of 90.8% (through the analysis of the dried blood spot) and 86.6% (through the evaluation of the dried serum spot) for discriminating the patients from healthy participants. This method could become popular because it has a simple design and does not require skilled personnel, toxic reagents and expensive equipment. Most importantly, it can identify the contaminated sample as well as the contaminant in a shorter time than other common methods.

This study investigates the development of a targeted drug delivery system utilizing zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8)-based nanocarriers functionalized with Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) aptamers to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of Doxorubicin (DOX) against EpCAM-positive cancer cells. The inherent properties of ZIF-8, including its high surface area, structural stability, and pH-responsive degradation, make it an ideal vehicle for controlled drug release. The encapsulation of Doxorubicin within ZIF-8 nanocarriers, combined with surface modification using aptamers, is designed to direct DOX delivery specifically to tumor cells, thereby reducing off-target cytotoxicity. Our findings demonstrate that EpCAM-targeted, PEGylated ZIF-8 nanocarriers significantly improve the therapeutic efficacy of DOX while minimizing toxicity in non-cancerous cells. Furthermore, in vivo studies confirmed superior tumor suppression accompanied by reduced systemic toxicity. This research underscores the potential of EpCAM-modified ZIF-8 nanocarriers as a highly promising and innovative strategy for targeted cancer therapy.

To discriminate between different alcoholic, aldehyde, and ester species in urine samples of war veterans who exposed with sulfur mustard with healthy people, a paper-based colorimetric sensor array is introduced.

The increasing population of diabetic patients, especially in developing countries, has posed a serious risk to the health sector, so that the lack of timely diagnosis and treatment process of diabetes can lead to threatening complications for the human lifestyle. Here, a multiple sensor was fabricated on a paper substrate for rapid detection and controlling the progress of the diabetes disease. The proposed sensor utilized the sensing ability of porphyrazines, pH-sensitive dyes and silver nanoparticles in order to detect the differences in saliva composition of diabetic and non-diabetic patients. A unique color map (sensor response) was obtained for each studied group, which can be monitored by a scanner. Moreover, a good correlation was observed between the colorimetric response resulting from the analysis of salivary composition and the fasting blood glucose (FBG) value measured by standard laboratory instruments. It was also possible to classify participants into two groups, including patients caused by diabetes and those were non-diabetic persons with a total accuracy of 88.9%. Statistical evaluations show that the multiple sensor can be employed as an effective and non-invasive device for continuous monitoring of diabetes, substantially in the elderly.

Background: Chemical incidents are among the most frequent technological disasters that have occurred frequently in recent years. Among the organizations operating in disaster response, hospitals, as the primary unit of care, play the greatest and most critical role. Hence, providing appropriate measures that lead to minimizing the effects of these events is raised as one of the health system's priorities, so this study was carried out with the aim of systematic review on hospital preparedness instruments in chemical incidents Methods: This systematic review was carried out according to the Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines . In this aim, through December 2020, 6 electronic databases were searched in MEDLINE (PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, ProQuest, Embase, and Cochrane) for the following key words: hospital, preparedness, chemical incidents, instrument. Results: Out of 7794 articles that were screened, 13 articles meet the inclusion criteria for entering the process of final analysis. Most studies were cross-sectional, two were cohort, and three studies were conducted by a qualitative method. The result showed that none of the evaluated checklists and tools included all dimensions required for an appropriate hospital preparedness evaluation in chemical incidents. Conclusion: Based on the results of this investigation, there is no comprehensive tool for assessing hospital preparedness in chemical incidents. The data of this survey can be employed as a guideline for policymakers and managers of medical centers for planning in dealing with chemical incidents.

A colorimetric sensor array designed on a paper substrate with a microfluidic structure has been developed. This array is capable of detecting COVID-19 disease by tracking metabolites of urine samples. In order to determine minor metabolic changes, various colorimetric receptors consisting of gold and silver nanoparticles, metalloporphyrins, metal ion complexes, and pH-sensitive indicators are used in the array structure. By injecting a small volume of the urine sample, the color pattern of the sensor changes after 7 min, which can be observed visually. The color changes of the receptors (recorded by a scanner) are subsequently calculated by image analysis software and displayed as a color difference map. This study has been performed on 130 volunteers, including 60 patients infected by COVID-19, 55 healthy controls, and 15 cured individuals. The resulting array provides a fingerprint response for each category due to the differences in the metabolic profile of the urine sample. The principal component analysis-discriminant analysis confirms that the assay sensitivity to the correctly detected patient, healthy, and cured participants is equal to 73.3%, 74.5%, and 66.6%, respectively. Apart from COVID-19, other diseases such as chronic kidney disease, liver disorder, and diabetes may be detectable by the proposed sensor. However, this performance of the sensor must be tested in the studies with a larger sample size. These results show the possible feasibility of the sensor as a suitable alternative to costly and time-consuming standard methods for rapid detection and control of viral and bacterial infectious diseases and metabolic disorders. Graphical Abstract