LLLuis Antonio Castillo López

Luis Antonio Castillo López

*This is an algorithmically generated author record based on publicly available information.

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Luis Antonio Castillo López has a total of 25 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:


Latest Publications

  • Open Access

    Full Waveform Inversion via Uncertainty-Aware Deep Learning for CO2 Plume Detection

    by Alejandro Duitama Leal, Luis A. Montes Vides, Héctor J. Hortúa Orjuela, Luis A. Castillo López

    This study presents a probabilistic deep learning framework developed for full waveform inversion (FWI) to detect and characterise subsurface velocity anomalies induced by stored CO2. Three convolutional neural network architectures—LinkNet, UNet, and a feature pyramid network (FPN)—were trained and evaluated on the Kimberlina CO2 synthetic dataset from the OpenFWI repository, which simulates CO2 injection scenarios within stratified reservoirs. The FPN architecture with an SE-ResNet50 backbone achieved the best performance (R2=0.9386, MSE=3.1676×10−4, MAE=4.5249×10−3). Uncertainty quantification was performed using variational inference with the Flipout estimator, which enables the separation of aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty. The predicted velocity models accurately reconstruct the background stratigraphy and the low-velocity anomaly associated with the CO2 plume. The aleatoric uncertainty remains at around 101 m/s and is spatially localised to delineate the geometry of the low-velocity zone. In contrast, the epistemic uncertainty is several orders of magnitude smaller, at around 10−3 m/s, and increases specifically over the lowest-velocity region of the anomaly. This structured distribution indicates where the velocity reconstruction is least reliable. Calibration substantially reduced the overall miscalibration area, decreasing the magnitude of the aleatoric component while slightly increasing that of the epistemic uncertainty over the CO2 plume anomaly, although the spatial structure of both components remained unchanged. This uncertainty decomposition and calibration help to distinguish between data noise and model limitations. It provides direct information for designing acquisitions and assessing risks, which is an area that is not widely covered in the current literature.

  • Sedimentology and geochronology of aeolian deposits on the Middle Negro River, northern Amazon, Brazil

    by Jefferson Jesus de Souza, Emílio Alberto Amaral Soares, Sonia Hatsue Tatumi, Márcio Yee, Rodolfo Dino, Luis Antonio Castillo López, Emanuele Dantas Oliva Grudzin, Luzia Antonioli, Mayara Fraeda Barbosa Teixeira, Raphael Di Carlo Silva dos Santos, et al.

    Fields of sandy paleodunes have been identified in Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, and Guyana north of the South American continent. In this study, geochronological data obtained by optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) for paleodunes in the Middle Rio Negro region (Brazil) allowed the identification of two stages of dune deposition: the older from 169.74 ± 1.01 ka to 124.38 ± 0.91 ka and the younger from 18.89 ± 0.88 ka to 14.75 ± 0.77 ka. The older interval is the first reported in the Amazon; no correlated sediment has been documented. In contrast, the more recent depositional interval correlates to the interval of paleodune fields of the region called “dry corridor” in the Late Pleistocene–Holocene. In this study, we associated the genesis of paleodunes with the reworking of alluvial deposits from the Negro and Demini rivers, driven by river seasonality during the Pleistocene–Holocene, as evidenced by characteristic microtextural data.

  • Open Access

    Pore pressure estimation of the calcareous formations in the Middle Magdalena Valley Basin, Colombia

    by Melina Rivera, Luis Alfredo Montes, Luis Antonio Castillo

    The reliable prediction of pore pressure is essential for petroleum engineering in its different stages, with the Eaton and Bowers' methods being the most used for this purpose. However, their application in carbonate rocks still needs to be improved because carbonates do not compact uniformly with depth, as shale does. This research calculated the pore pressure using the Eaton, Bowers, and Weakley methods and well logs of a carbonate formation and found that the Weakley's approach predicts pressure more accurately. The method presented uses an acoustic impedance equation derived from the Bowers' method, whose parameters were calibrated with the Weakley's pore pressure profile. The pore pressure estimated near the borehole, via the acoustic impedance provided by the pre-stack inversion, is very close to that observed during drilling, which indicates a reliable prediction. The method was applied to a seismic line and well logs in the Middle Magdalena Valley Basin—Colombia, where the overpressured well Lizama 158 caused a significant environmental disaster in 2018. The obtained subsurface pore pressure distribution is reliable, matches overpressure in calcareous rocks near the well, and estimates anomalous pressure in zones distant from the well.


  • Open Access

    Geomorfologia e Tectono-estratigrafia do Neógeno do setor noroeste da Bacia Vaupés-Amazonas

    by Beatriz Pinheiro de Souza, Luis Antonio Castillo López, Solange dos Santos Costa, Sonia Patricia Salazar, German Vargas Cuervo

    A utilização de técnicas e métodos geofísicos nas geociências, para estudos de superfície e subsuperfície na região amazônica, pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento substancial do conhecimento sobre a geometria e disposição tridimensional das camadas de rocha nos intervalos de rochas localizadas a centenas de metros de profundidade dessa grande área, ainda pouco explorada. A integração de dados de superfície e de subsuperfície, abrange análises geológicas de estruturas em superfície, feições geomorfológicas ainda não identificadas e descritas na área. Neste estudo, o uso de seções sísmicas e de perfis de poço possibilitou a geração de um modelo geológico em profundidade. As evidências geomorfológicas e tectono-estratigráficas descritas na área foram obtidas a partir da avaliação sismoestrutural (falhas e dobras) e as sismoestratigráfica (canais, preenchimentos de canais, barras, vales, erosões e adelgaçamento de camadas). Com base nessas evidências, foi sugerida a ocorrência de feições associadas a cânions de diferente porte e vales, oriundos da reativação rúptil de estruturas preexistentes no embasamento Pré-cambriano. Além disso, também são encontradas evidências de sedimentação resultante da acreção lateral, erosão e adelgaçamento, influenciados por processos de subsidência e isostasia. As sequências sedimentares estabelecidas neste arcabouço são pertencentes a depósitos com idades do Paleógeno até o Quaternário ou recente. Estas evidências podem estar relacionadas com a evolução do Alto do Vaupés, que ocorre devido a falhamentos do paleozóico inferior, que sofreram reativação durante o paleógeno até o recente, com episódios tectonoestratigráficos associados.

  • Open Access

    ARCABOUÇO ESTRATIGRÁFICO NEÓGENO-QUATERNÁRIO DA PORÇÃO OESTE DA BACIA DO SOLIMÕES, AMAZÔNIA OCIDENTAL

    by Emilio Alberto Soares, Stéfano de Mello Antonaccio Santos, Michele Andriolli Custódio, Luis Antonio Castillo, Jamile Dehaini, Rodolfo Dino

    O contexto estratigráfico da porção oeste da Bacia do Solimões, na zona limítrofe entre Brasil, Peru e Colômbia, foi elaborado com base em dados de 9 logs de sondagem (P1 a P9) do Projeto Carvão no Alto Solimões. Com os dados geológicos (testemunhos) e geofísicos (Raios Gama, Resistividade e Potencial Espontâneo) foi elaborada a seção geológica A-A’, de direção geral SW-NE, com cerca de 400 km de extensão, onde foram definidas as espessuras e limites das formações Solimões (Mioceno-Plioceno) e Içá (Plioceno-Pleistoceno) e Depósitos Quaternários. A Formação Solimões exibe continuidade lateral nas sondagens P1 a P9 e espessura em torno de 332 metros, sendo constituída por intercalações de pelitos e arenitos, com calcários, linhitos e conglomerados subordinados, que exibem padrões de adelgaçamento, espessamento e interdigitação. A Formação Içá ocorre principalmente na porção leste da seção, sendo predominantemente arenosa, com raras intercalações de pelitos e linhitos e espessura variando entre 30 a 55m, recoberta por delgados depósitos Quaternários, compostos de areia e lama (silte e argila), com espessura de até 16 metros. Perfis geofísicos proporcionaram padrões de eletrofácies e em conjunto com dados litológicos permitiram a individualização dos limites estratigráficos e das litofácies internas, que foram correlacionados nos perfis analisados.


  • Open Access

    Seismic Inversion for the Calculation of Velocities Using the Generalized Inverse Linear Matrix, the Wave Equation, and a Non-Reflective-Boundaries Condition

    by Alejandro Duitama Leal, José John Fredy González Veloza, Luis Antonio Castillo López, Javier Hernán Gil Gómez, Rodrigo Elías Esquivel

    Objective: this work presents the results obtained in the development of a seismic velocity inversion mo­del. The reference times recorded on the surface are taken and using the inversion model to obtain the initial reference model (hypocenters and velocities), starting from an unknown model. Methodology: A hypothetical reference model is pro­posed containing 64 blocks with interval velocity, 16 recording stations on the surface, and 64 earth­quakes in the center of each block. With this model, the reference arrival times are generated for each ear­thquake registered in each station. The inversion mo­del is made up of two parts: the direct model, which allows calculating the arrival times of the signal regis­tered on the surface according to the hypo-central lo­cation of the earthquake and the velocity of the P and S wave of the medium; and the inverse model, which estimates a model of the velocity of the environment and hypo-central locations of the earthquakes that are the input variables of the direct model. The direct model was developed with the wave equation, while the inverse model was developed by modifying the generalized inverse matrix by introducing a factor called “damping.” Results: The discretization model is based on the finite difference method.. When estimating the values of velocity and hypo-central location with the inverse algorithm, the propagation of the wave is simulated with the direct model, and they are compared with the data of reference times measured on the surface. Depending on the value of the mean square error, we proceed to modify the mean velocities and hypo­centers of the earthquakes. This process is repeated iteratively until the calculated error is less than a to­lerance of 2x10-3s2. Conclusions: It was found that the estimated values of velocity and hypo central locations coincide well for regions closer to the surface, while for deep regions the error is greater compared to the hypothetical re­ference model.


  • Open Access

    Sequential stratigraphy of the Guajira Lower Sub-basin

    by Luis Antonio Castillo

    Sequence stratigraphy comprise one useful and solid tool for understanding stratigraphy historical of the rocks in subsurface. Based on staking patterns identified on well logs at southeast of the area, it is possible to interpret progradation, retrogradation trends, and their bounding surfaces, which are also interpreted on the seismic lines. Then, with petrophysical analyses populate sequences of interest into tectonostratigraphic model. The Lower Guajira Sub-Basin comprises a huge depocenter of stacking rocks from Cretaceous and Cenozoic age. The results show three depositional sequences, involving seven system tracts. Considering ages reported for some depth intervals, it is possible the interpretation based on Wheeler domain, getting depositional, erosion and non-depositional stages.

  • Open Access

    Tomografía Sísmica 2.5D y rasgos geológicos en la Cuenca de Urabá (Colombia)

    by Luis Antonio Castillo-López, John Fredy González, Alejandro Duitama

    Existe poca información y conocimiento geológico de la Cuenca de Urabá. A continuación, se presentan los resultados del estudio tomográfico pseudo-3D (o 2.5D) para la cuenca. Los datos de tipo sismológico (sísmica pasiva) permiten definir una aproximación de la disposición de algunos rasgos geológicos en el subsuelo, por ejemplo, lineamientos y fallas. Así, mediante la diferencia de tiempos de viaje de las ondas (P y S), registrados en campo e implementando un algoritmo de inversión de tomografía sísmica, se desarrolló un modelo para estimar las fuentes sísmicas y la distribución de velocidades en la región, además de evaluar la disposición de las capas de roca en el subsuelo hasta 30 km de profundidad, con las que se hizo posible identificar contrastes de velocidades y una posible extensión de las fallas; caso de la falla de Murindó hacia el norte, y otra falla con orientación transversal, ubicada en el sector de Riosucio.