Andrew Dean

PURPOSE: Single-agent chemotherapies have limited activity and considerable toxicity in patients with platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer (PROC). Mirvetuximab soravtansine (MIRV) is an antibody-drug conjugate targeting folate receptor α (FRα). SORAYA is a single-arm, phase II study evaluating efficacy and safety of MIRV in patients with PROC. METHODS: SORAYA enrolled FRα-high patients with PROC who had received one to three prior therapies, including required bevacizumab. The primary end point was confirmed objective response rate (ORR) by investigator; duration of response was the key secondary end point. RESULTS: One hundred six patients were enrolled; 105 were evaluable for efficacy. All patients had received prior bevacizumab, 51% had three prior lines of therapy, and 48% received a prior poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor. Median follow-up was 13.4 months. ORR was 32.4% (95% CI, 23.6 to 42.2), including five complete and 29 partial responses. The median duration of response was 6.9 months (95% CI, 5.6 to 9.7). In patients with one to two priors, the ORR by investigator was 35.3% (95% CI, 22.4 to 49.9) and in patients with three priors was 30.2% (95% CI, 18.3 to 44.3). The ORR by investigator was 38.0% (95% CI, 24.7 to 52.8) in patients with prior poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor exposure and 27.5% (95% CI, 15.9 to 41.7) in those without. The most common treatment-related adverse events (all grade and grade 3-4) were blurred vision (41% and 6%), keratopathy (29% and 9%), and nausea (29% and 0%). Treatment-related adverse events led to dose delays, reductions, and discontinuations in 33%, 20%, and 9% of patients, respectively. CONCLUSION: MIRV demonstrated consistent clinically meaningful antitumor activity and favorable tolerability and safety in patients with FRα-high PROC who had received up to three prior therapies, including bevacizumab, representing an important advance for this biomarker-selected population.

PURPOSE: This randomized, open-label trial compared the efficacy and safety of adjuvant nab-paclitaxel + gemcitabine with those of gemcitabine for resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01964430 ). METHODS: We assigned 866 treatment-naive patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma to nab-paclitaxel (125 mg/m²) + gemcitabine (1,000 mg/m²) or gemcitabine alone to one 30-40 infusion on days 1, 8, and 15 of six 28-day cycles. The primary end point was independently assessed disease-free survival (DFS). Additional end points included investigator-assessed DFS, overall survival (OS), and safety. RESULTS: Two hundred eighty-seven of 432 patients and 310 of 434 patients completed nab-paclitaxel + gemcitabine and gemcitabine treatment, respectively. At primary data cutoff (December 31, 2018; median follow-up, 38.5 [interquartile range [IQR], 33.8-43 months), the median independently assessed DFS was 19.4 ( nab-paclitaxel + gemcitabine) versus 18.8 months (gemcitabine; hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% CI, 0.729 to 1.063; P = .18). The median investigator-assessed DFS was 16.6 (IQR, 8.4-47.0) and 13.7 (IQR, 8.3-44.1) months, respectively (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.694 to 0.965; P = .02). The median OS (427 events; 68% mature) was 40.5 (IQR, 20.7 to not reached) and 36.2 (IQR, 17.7-53.3) months, respectively (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.680 to 0.996; P = .045). At a 16-month follow-up (cutoff, April 3, 2020; median follow-up, 51.4 months [IQR, 47.0-57.0]), the median OS (511 events; 81% mature) was 41.8 ( nab-paclitaxel + gemcitabine) versus 37.7 months (gemcitabine; HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.687 to 0.973; P = .0232). At the 5-year follow-up (cutoff, April 9, 2021; median follow-up, 63.2 months [IQR, 60.1-68.7]), the median OS (555 events; 88% mature) was 41.8 versus 37.7 months, respectively (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.678 to 0.947; P = .0091). Eighty-six percent ( nab-paclitaxel + gemcitabine) and 68% (gemcitabine) of patients experienced grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events. Two patients per study arm died of treatment-emergent adverse events. CONCLUSION: The primary end point (independently assessed DFS) was not met despite favorable OS seen with nab-paclitaxel + gemcitabine.

PURPOSE: To investigate quality-adjusted progression-free survival (QA-PFS) and quality-adjusted time without symptoms or toxicity (Q-TWiST) in a post hoc exploratory analysis of the phase III ARIEL3 study of rucaparib maintenance treatment versus placebo. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with platinum-sensitive, recurrent ovarian carcinoma were randomly assigned to rucaparib (600 mg twice per day) or placebo. QA-PFS was calculated as progression-free survival function × the 3-level version of the EQ-5D questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) index score function. Q-TWiST analyses were performed defining TOX as the mean duration in which a patient experienced grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) or the mean duration in which a patient experienced grade ≥ 2 TEAEs of nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and asthenia. Q-TWiST was calculated as μTOX × TOX + TWiST, with μTOX calculated using EQ-5D-3L data. RESULTS: The visit cutoff was Apr 15, 2017. Mean QA-PFS was significantly longer with rucaparib versus placebo in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population (375 randomly assigned to rucaparib v 189 randomly assigned to placebo; difference, 6.28 months [95% CI, 4.85 to 7.47 months]); BRCA-mutant cohort (130 rucaparib v 66 placebo; 9.37 months [95% CI, 6.65 to 11.85 months]); homologous recombination deficient (HRD) cohort (236 rucaparib v 118 placebo; 7.93 months [95% CI, 5.93 to 9.53 months]); and BRCA wild-type/loss of heterozygosity (LOH) low patient subgroup (107 rucaparib v 54 placebo; 2.71 months [95% CI, 0.31 to 4.44 months]). With TOX defined using grade ≥ 3 TEAEs, the difference in mean Q-TWiST (rucaparib v placebo) was 6.88 months (95% CI, 5.71 to 8.23 months), 9.73 months (95% CI, 7.10 to 11.94 months), 8.11 months (95% CI, 6.36 to 9.49 months), and 3.35 months (95% CI, 1.66 to 5.40 months) in the ITT population, BRCA-mutant cohort, HRD cohort, and BRCA wild-type/LOH low patient subgroup, respectively. Q-TWiST with TOX defined using select grade ≥ 2 TEAEs also consistently favored rucaparib. CONCLUSION: The significant differences in QA-PFS and Q-TWiST confirm the benefit of rucaparib versus placebo in all predefined cohorts.

Background: Delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) is a ligand that activates the Notch pathway which is important for cancer stem cell (CSC) survival. Demcizumab is a humanized, anti-DLL4 antibody that has been shown using an in vivo tumorigenicity limiting dilution assay to inhibit tumor growth and decrease CSC frequency in minimally passaged human xenograft models. In addition, inhibition of DLL4 has also been shown in preclinical studies to cause dysfunctional sprouting of new vessels resulting in an antiangiogenic effect. Encouraging data from a Phase 1b study of paclitaxel protein-bound particles for injectable suspension (Abraxane^®), gemcitabine and demcizumab in patients with 1st line metastatic pancreatic cancer led to this double blind randomized 3 arm placebo-controlled Phase 2 study.

Introduction: We have previously reported our initial experience with prolonged initial chemotherapy with gemcitabine/abraxane followed by radiotherapy with concurrent infusional 5-FU. Continued application of this treatment approach has now resulted in 18 patients with unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma being resected (17 achieving R0 resections) with significantly prolonged survival times. Patients with tri-modality therapy showed a 45% four year survival.

4127 Background: In the NAPOLI-1 study, nal-IRI+5-FU/LV significantly increased median OS vs. 5-FU/LV control (6.1 vs. 4.2 mo; unstratified HR = 0.67 [0.49–0.92]; p = .012). This is a subgroup analysis by prior lines of mtx. Methods: Study methodology has been published (Wang-Gillam; Lancet 2016). This exploratory subgroup analysis compares outcomes in pts with 0–1 vs. ≥2 prior mtx lines, based on primary survival analysis data (cut-off February 2014) of the ITT population. Results: OS, PFS and CA19-9 response rates in pts with 0–1 (65.8% of pts) or ≥2 (34.2%) prior mtx lines are shown (see Table). Median OS for nal-IRI+5-FU/LV improved vs. 5-FU/LV by 2.1 mo to 6.2 mo (HR = 0.66; p = .03) in pts with 0–1 prior mtx lines and by 1.1 mo to 5.4 mo (HR = 0.68; p = .18) in pts with ≥2 prior mtx lines. The safety profile was similar between subgroups with nal-IRI+5-FU/LV (≥grade 3 drug-related AEs: 43 [55%] with 0–1 and 20 [51%] with ≥2 prior mtx lines). Conclusions: This post-hoc subgroup analysis shows significant increases for nal-IRI+5-FU/LV over 5-FU/LV in OS, PFS and CA19-9 response in pts with 0–1 prior mtx lines. Median OS benefit was less prominent in later lines, but conclusions are restricted by limited pt numbers. Clinical trial information: NCT01494506.

Background: nal-IRI, a liposomal formulation of irinotecan, plus 5-FU/LV is approved in the US for patients (pts) with mPAC previously treated with gemcitabine-based therapy. Primary analysis (data cutoff, Feb 14, 2014) of the NAPOLI-1 trial (NCT01494506) showed that, after 313 events, nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV significantly improved median overall survival (OS) vs 5-FU/LV (6.1 vs 4.2 mo; HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.49-0.92; P = 0.012; Wang-Gillam et al, Lancet. 2016). Here we report the final analysis of NAPOLI-1 (data cutoff, Nov 16, 2015).