Hayder Abdullah Al-Domi

The present study was designed to evaluate and compare the effects of time-restricted eating alone, caloric restriction alone, and their combination on insulin resistance in obese adults with prediabetes living in Amman, Jordan. In a 12-week open-label randomized controlled trial, using a 2×2 factorial design was employed. A total of 120 obese adults aged 18–40 years with prediabetes were randomized into four groups: time-restricted eating, caloric restriction (reduction of 500 kilocalories), time-restricted eating with caloric restriction, or a control group. Blood samples were collected at baseline and week 12 following an overnight fast. Fasting blood glucose and insulin concentrations were measured using standardized laboratory methods, and insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The dietary interventions significantly affected insulin resistance (p = 0.001), fasting insulin (p = 0.001), and fasting blood glucose (p = 0.004). Both caloric restrictions alone and the combined time-restricted eating with caloric restriction intervention significantly reduced homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance compared with the control group (p = 0.021 and p < 0.001, respectively). The combined intervention achieved the most significant reduction in insulin resistance (−32.3%), followed by caloric restriction alone (−19.6%), whereas time-restricted eating alone did not differ significantly from the control. Overall, interventions involving caloric restriction, either alone or combined with time-restricted eating, were associated with significant improvements in insulin resistance and glycemic control over the 12-week study period in obese adults with prediabetes

Emerging evidence suggests a strong association between hydration status and the etiopathogenesis of obesity. This critical review highlights the possible role of hydration status in preventing, or at least ameliorating, the prevalence of obesity, a chronic, low-grade proinflammatory disease. PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and World Health Organization (WHO) databases were searched for literature published in English, using the following keywords search terms ‘water’, ‘water intake’, ‘hypohydration’ or ‘hydration’ and ‘energy intake’, ‘obesity’, ‘appetite’, ‘satiety’, ‘food consumption’, and ‘Body Mass Index (BMI)’ for the period between 2003 and 2023. The current review included data from clinical trials, cross-sectional stydies, cohort studies, published reviews, and case-control studies investigating the role of the hydration status in the development of obesity as well as prevention mechanisms. Rehydration by a moderate increase of daily water intake could be an effective, costless lifestyle modification for individuals at risk of developing obesity. Hypohydration could be one of the most important predisposing risk factors in both obesity pathogenesis and management, and its comorbidities via several mechanisms, mainly fat metabolism, thermogenesis, energy expenditure, food consumption, energy intake, hormonal balance, appetite regulation, and satiety regulation. Appropriate hydration status could help prevent or at least delay weight gain. Further clinical trials are required to verify the proposed mechanisms. The figure was created with BioRender.com.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is a type of systemic autoimmune condition triggered by gluten consumption among genetically predisposed individuals. Aim: To assess the knowledge, awareness, and practices pertaining to CD and associated conditions among dietitians in Jordan. Method: A cross-sectional web-based survey was carried out between April and October 2023. The survey was an internet-based questionnaire with closed-ended questions. Results: The majority of dietitians answered correctly that CD is caused due to an immunological reaction to gluten, gliadin, and protamine (91.7%); it is an autoimmune disease (71.2%); and the risk of developing an autoimmune disease is higher among CD patients (78.8). The majority of respondents (93.6%) correctly identified that a strict gluten-free diet is the treatment approach for CD patients. However, only (18.9%) of dietitians correctly identified the FDA guidelines for “Gluten Free” food labeling. Approximately 53.4% of respondents identified immunoglobulin (IgA) antibody testing as the most reliable way to diagnose patients with CD. Conclusions: The dietitians have a good understanding of CD topics. The development of credentials in CD would ensure that dietitians practicing in CD are skilled.

Recently, significant attention has been given to the effects of obesity-inducing neuroinflammation on the hypothalamus, particularly the activation of glial cells and neurodegenerative sequences. Understanding how high-fat diets provoke neuroinflammation is essential to propose preventative or management strategies combined with medication interventions such as liraglutide. Scientific studies related to obesity and high-fat diet (HFD) in adult humans and rodents and published in PubMed, Science

Objectives Hyperthyroidism is characterized by increasing production of thyroid hormone (TH) and decreasing of thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH) secretion. The treatment of hyperthyroidism includes such as anti-thyroid drugs, radioiodine, and thyroidectomy have many side effects without complete curing results. We described a successful treatment of hyperthyroidism patient with dietary-herbal supplementation with wet cupping without any medicine. Case presentation A 29-years female, blood analysis showed that she had low TSH (0.012 mlU/mL), and normal levels of T3 and T4. After completing 16 weeks on Carbimazole, TSH value still low (0.024 mlU/mL) and urticaria was appeared. She decided to stop Carbimazole and try alternative therapy choices. She received wet cupping and dietary-herbal supplementations (including royal jelly, green barley grass and Taraxaf ® ) for two months. Notably, TSH values was increased during-after intervention and urticaria was disappeared. Conclusions Alternative therapy could be a beneficial choice for hyperthyroidism treatment without any side effects or complications under physician supervision.