Yuan Pan

The selective hydrodeoxygenation of lignin as a substitute for fossil resources into aviation fuel-range cycloalkanes faces significant challenges due to its complex structure and diverse reaction pathways. Herein, we introduced MoOx species onto Ni nanoparticles-loaded Beta zeolite (Ni-0.2MoOx/Beta), which catalyzed the complete hydrodeoxygenation of lignin dimers and lignin-derived phenols into the corresponding cycloalkanes under mild conditions (200 °C, 2 MPa H2). Ni-0.2MoOx/Beta also enabled the hydrodeoxygenation of real lignin, achieving a cycloalkanes selectivity of over 83%. Mechanistic studies indicated that the synergistic effect between Ni nanoparticles and MoOx species was key to enhancing the hydrodeoxygenation performance. Ni nanoparticles enabled the adsorption and dissociation of H2, and horizontally adsorbed benzene ring in the oxygen-containing substrate, while adjacent MoOx species with abundant oxygen vacancies facilitated the vertical adsorption of oxygen-containing groups in the ring-saturated intermediates and the activation of C–O bonds. Simultaneously, the strong hydrogen spillover on Ni-0.2MoOx/Beta ensured the benzene ring hydrogenation and the cleavage of C–O bonds. This work provides an approach for designing non-noble metal catalysts for lignin hydrodeoxygenation, holding significant value for advancing the application of lignin-based aviation fuels.

A catalyst consisting of W-doped CeO ₂ supported on Cu–Cd-SSZ-13 is proposed for high-efficiency NH ₃ -SCR. W doping optimizes the redox and acidity properties of Cu–Cd-SSZ-13, while suppressing framework dealumination under hydrothermal aging.

Heterogeneous olefin hydroformylation represents a pivotal process for the synthesis of high-value aldehydes and their derivatives. However, controlling the regioselectivity of this reaction remains a persistent challenge. This review systematically outlines recent advances in regulating regioselectivity within heterogeneous hydroformylation catalysts, with particular emphasis on the influence of support architectures on the selectivity toward linear versus branched products. Strategic approaches for manipulating regioselectivity are delineated. Significant enhancement in the regioselectivity for target products has been achieved through the optimization of geometric, electronic, synergistic, defect, and ligand effects, alongside the confinement effects characteristic of single-atom catalysts. The insights presented herein are intended to establish a theoretical foundation and offer design principles for the development of highly regioselective heterogeneous hydroformylation catalysts.

Producing hydrogen from the abundant seawater is very attractive for the sustainable development of hydrogen energy. Rational design and construction of efficient bifunctional catalysts remain a huge challenge. Herein, we report a novel N-doped carbon polyhedral (NCP) encapsulated Co₃O₄-RuO₂ heterostructure (Co₃O₄-RuO₂@NCP) synthesized through a simple “Template-assistance-Self-assembly-Pyrolysis” strategy for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in seawater. The Co₃O₄-RuO₂@NCP catalyst only needs 18 and 250 mV in 1 M KOH, 24 and 260 mV in simulated seawater, 29 and 290 mV in natural seawater to arrive the current density of 10 mA·cm^-2 for HER and OER, respectively. Meanwhile, only 1.53 and 1.60 V are required to drive 10 mA·cm^-2 for overall water splitting in 1 M KOH and natural seawater splitting with good stability and high Faraday efficiency. The combined spectroscopy analysis suggested Ru plays a crucial role in this electrolysis process. During the alkaline HER process, Ru⁴⁺ is partially reduced to Ru(0), and the in-situ formed Ru-Co₃O₄ serves as the active center to promote H₂ evolution. While in the alkaline OER process, partial oxidation of Ru occurs, which enhances the electronic coupling with oxygen-containing species and facilitates the OER process. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations also suggested these structural properties optimized the adsorption and activation process of key active species in the electrolysis process, and the electronic interaction between NC and Co₃O₄-RuO₂ enhanced the activity and selectivity in seawater electrolysis under alkaline conditions. This work developed a promising bifunctional electrocatalyst for natural seawater splitting.

Addressing the bottleneck of low efficiency in traditional pore network extraction within CCS dynamic simulation, this paper systematically reviews the evolution of algorithm technology, focusing on elucidating the continuous-space-based pixel-free flashlight searching medial axis algorithm. Through comparative research with SNOW and MAGNET algorithms, it validates that FSMA possesses superior computational efficiency and physical stability when processing the subtle evolution of pore structure. Finally, the paper discusses the future development direction of pore network extraction technology represented by FSMA, aiming to provide a new technical path for constructing next-generation dynamic pore network models capable of real-time response.

Transition metal phosphides (TMPs) exhibit attracted application prospect as active electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) through water electrolysis due to their compositional and structural advantages. Recent studies have shown that hydrogen production can be enhanced by modulating the microstructure of TMPs catalysts, but the understanding is incomplete, while rational design principles at the nanostructure or even atomic scale are still lacking. Here, the authors systematically summarize the existing research progress in modulating TMPs electrocatalysts from nanostructures to single atoms to enhance HER. The latest strategies to enhance the catalytic activity of TMPs are summarized. Then, the scaling effects in TMPs catalysts are discussed from the nanoscale and atomic scale, respectively, based on which rational design principles for improving the activity and stability of TMPs with single‐atom catalysts are proposed. This review provides a theoretical reference for the design of high activity and high atom utilization catalysts for hydrogen production.

Zeolite‐anchored metal catalysts have shown promising applications in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions. However, difficulties such as high synthesis costs, inherent diffusion limitations, and stability issues have limited their large‐scale industrial application. Single‐atom catalysts (SACs), which provide the benefits of high atom utilization and excellent stability, have promising application prospects in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions. This review systematically reports the research progress of zeolite‐anchored SACs in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions, summarizes the different synthesis methods, and proposes the regulation strategies to enhance the activity, selectivity, and stability of the catalysts for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions, and provides theoretical guidance for designing of zeolite‐based catalysts at the atomic scale. Finally, the potential opportunities and challenges of zeolite‐anchored SACs in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions are prospected.