Lourdes Rubio

Lourdes Rubio

*This is an algorithmically generated author record based on publicly available information.

Current Organizations / Institutes

The organizations/institutes from the scholar's latest article


Lourdes Rubio has a total of 30 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:


Latest Publications

  • Open Access

    Neural Approach to Study the Vibration Behavior of Damaged Composite Rotating Beams

    by Patricia Rubio Herrero, Belén Muñoz-Abella, Inés Ivañez, Lourdes Rubio

    In recent decades, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have become a robust tool for addressing complex engineering challenges. This paper implements an ANN-based methodology to determine the natural frequencies of rotating sandwich composite beams with core defects. The study focuses on the influence of rotation speed and defect characteristics (size and location) on a beam made of carbon fiber face-sheets and a honeycomb core, selected for its high strength-to-weight ratio in next-generation designs. The primary novelty lies in providing a simplified model that, through an ANN-based surrogate, establishes an automated and high-speed process for frequency prediction. This approach bypasses the prohibitive computational costs of 3D-FEM simulations, enabling near-instantaneous results essential for real-time Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) applications.

  • Open Access

    Aplicación de algoritmos bioinspirados en la monitorización de vigas rotatorias

    by Belén Muñoz Abella, Lourdes Rubio Ruiz de Aguirre, Patricia Rubio Herrero

    Actualmente, el uso de las diferentes herramientas de Inteligencia Artificial (IA) cada vez está más extendido en diferentes ámbitos de la Ingeniería Mecánica. Entre las aplicaciones más frecuentes se encuentra su utilización para monitorización de fallos de elementos mecánicos. Los algoritmos bioinspirados, encuadrados dentro de la IA, son métodos de optimización que, para su formulación, se inspiran en procesos biológicos o de la naturaleza. Entre ellos se encuentran, por ejemplo, los algoritmos genéticos, algoritmos de enjambre de hormigas o abejas, o aquellos basados en el comportamiento de otros animales, como conejos, cebras, ballenas, pelícanos, focas, etc. En este trabajo se presenta la aplicación de este tipo de algoritmos para la monitorización de vigas rotatorias. El estudio de estos elementos tiene especial interés ya que, a menudo, se utilizan para estudiar de forma simplificada componentes muy habituales en la industria, tales como palas de aerogeneradores, palas de helicópteros o álabes de turbinas. En definitiva, se han utilizado y comparado diferentes tipos de algoritmos bioinspirados para detectar e identificar defectos en palas rotatorias, estudiando cuáles son los que ofrecen mejores resultados y analizando su viabilidad en la monitorización de este tipo de elementos.

  • Open Access

    Estimación mediante Redes Neuronales de las frecuencias naturales de vigas dañadas de material compuesto

    by Patricia Rubio Herrero, Belén Muñoz Abella, Inés Ivañez, Lourdes Rubio Ruiz de Aguirre

    Las Redes Neuronales Artificiales (RNAs) son técnicas no paramétricas que se utilizan frecuentemente debido a que permiten abordar problemas de ingeniería complejos, tales como problemas de predicción y optimización. En el presente trabajo se ha desarrollado una metodología, basada en RNAs, que estima el valor de las cuatro primeras frecuencias naturales de vigas dañadas de material compuesto que combina pieles de polímeros reforzados con fibra de carbono y núcleo de nido de abeja en función en función de la velocidad de rotación y de las características del defecto (tamaño y localización). Las palas de los aerogeneradores son componentes mecánicos que suelen simplificarse en forma de vigas giratorias para su estudio. Estos elementos pueden sufrir daños durante su vida útil. Numerosas investigaciones se han centrado en la detección de defectos en componentes mecánicos, permitiendo el desarrollo de planes de mantenimiento adecuados para evitar pérdidas asociadas al fallo de todo el sistema. En la actualidad, las palas de los aerogeneradores suelen estar fabricadas con estructuras sándwich compuestas por pieles de laminados de fibra de vidrio y núcleos de espuma polimérica. Sin embargo, debido al aumento del tamaño de los aerogeneradores, es necesario buscar materiales más ligeros y resistentes para las palas, con el fin de reducir el peso de todo el conjunto. Por ello, en este trabajo se han utilizado estructuras sándwich que combinan pieles de polímeros reforzados con fibra de carbono y núcleo de nido de abeja. Los datos necesarios para entrenar la RNA se han obtenido a partir de un modelo numérico dinámico tridimensional de una viga sándwich con una discontinuidad transversal en el núcleo. Las frecuencias naturales de la viga se han obtenido aplicando la FFT a las aceleraciones calculadas por el modelo. La red neuronal artificial propuesta presenta una excelente alternativa para el análisis de la respuesta vibratoria de vigas sándwich dañadas, ya que es eficiente y fácil de usar, a la vez que tiene un bajo coste computacional.

  • Open Access

    Identification of cracks in low-speed rotating slender cracked beams using frequencies and artificial rabbit algorithm

    by Belén Muñoz-Abella, Lourdes Rubio, Patricia Rubio

    This article aims to identify the presence of cracks in slender rotating beams (Euler Bernoulli) from the dynamic behaviour of cracked beams operating at low rotational speeds. For this purpose, the behavioural model of the cracked rotating beam developed by the authors in previous works is shown. The results of the mathematical model developed (natural frequencies) feed a novel meta-heuristic optimisation algorithm based on the survival tactics of rabbits against their predators: Artificial Rabbit Optimization (ARO). The application of this algorithm to the first two natural frequencies of vibration obtained with the analytical model and contrasted in previous works gives rise to the identification of the characteristic parameters of the crack contained in the beams. The estimation of the parameters: position along the beam and crack depth, show a high similarity with the initial data, which allows validating the application of the optimisation algorithm to the identification of cracks in this type of component as a first approach to a health monitoring method for more complex rotating cantilever beam structures.


  • Open Access

    Closed-Form Solution for the Natural Frequencies of Low-Speed Cracked Euler–Bernoulli Rotating Beams

    by Belén Muñoz-Abella, Lourdes Rubio, Patricia Rubio

    In this study, two closed-form solutions for determining the first two natural frequencies of the flapwise bending vibration of a cracked Euler–Bernoulli beam at low rotational speed have been developed. To solve the governing differential equations of motion, the Frobenius method of solution in power series has been used. The crack has been modeled using two undamaged parts of the beam connected by a rotational spring. From the previous results, two novel polynomial expressions have been developed to obtain the first two natural frequencies as a function of angular velocity, slenderness ratio, cube radius and crack characteristics (depth and location). These expressions have been formulated using multiple regression techniques. To the knowledge of the authors, there is no similar expressions in the literature, which calculate, in a simple way, the first two natural frequencies based on beam features and crack parameters, without the need to know or solve the differential equations of motion governing the beam. In summary, the derived natural frequency expressions provide an extremely simple, practical, and accurate instrument for studying the dynamic behavior of rotating cracked Euler–Bernoulli beams at low angular speed, especially useful, in the future, to establish small-scale wind turbines’ maintenance planes.


  • Open Access

    Determination of the Critical Speed of a Cracked Shaft from Experimental Data

    by Belén Muñoz-Abella, Laura Montero, Patricia Rubio, Lourdes Rubio

    In this work, a procedure to obtain an accurate value of the critical speed of a cracked shaft is presented. The method is based on the transversal displacements of the cracked section when the shaft is rotating at submultiples of the critical speed. The SERR (Strain Energy Ralease Rate) theory and the CCL (Crack Closure Line) approach are used to analyse the proposed methodology for considering the behaviour of the crack. In order to obtain the best information and to define the procedure, the orbits and the frequency spectra at different subcritical rotational speed intervals are analyzed by means of the Fast Fourier Transform. The comparison of the maximum values of the FFT peaks within the intervals allows the subcritical speed to be determined, along with the value of the critical speed. When verified, the proposed procedure is applied to shafts with the same geometry and material and with cracks of increasing depth. The results show that the critical speed diminishes with the severity of the crack, as expected. A comparison is made between the critical speed obtained using the vertical and the horizontal displacements, finding no remarkable differences, meaning that in practical applications only one sensor for one of the displacements (in the vertical or horizontal direction) is needed to determine the critical speed. This is one of the main contributions of the paper, as it means that the orbits of the shaft are not needed. Finally, after this study we can conclude that the best results are achieved when the critical speed is obtained using data displacement in only one direction within the intervals around 12 or 13 of the critical speed.


  • Industrial Heritage of the City of Granada: The Water Well “Santa Clara” in “La Vega De Granada”

    by A. Dávila Ponce de León, M. J. Gámez, C. González-Sevilla, Rafael García de la Mata, Lourdes Rubio