Karel Mikulášek

Shape-from-Focus (SFF) methods have been developed for about twenty years. They able to obtain the shape of 3D objects from a series of partially focused images. The plane to which the microscope or camera is focused intersects the 3D object in a contour line. Due to wave properties of light and due to finite resolution of the output device, the image can be considered as sharp not only on this contour line, but also in a certain interval of height—the zone of sharpness. SSFs are able to identify these focused parts to compose a fully focused 2D image and to reconstruct a 3D profile of the surface to be observed.

The paper is concerned with the technical aspects of the appraisal and retrofitting process of fire damaged reinforced concrete structures. The assessment of fire damaged structures is carried out along lines similar to those of the appraisal of existing structures. In practice, constructions are most often assessed by destructive tests in-situ and on core bore specimens. In addition to destructive tests, damaged structures are also assessed by non-destructive ones. The present paper shows the use of non-destructive methods of measurement using the acoustic-emission and impact-echo methods. Acoustic emission provides valuable data on the structural integrity of a material. This method has a significant potential to be used for in-situ monitoring and evaluation of the current state of structures. An impact-echo method is based on impact-generated stress waves that propagate through concrete and are reflected by internal flaws and external surfaces. Impact-echo can be used to determine the location and extent of flaws such as crack delamination, voids, honeycombing and deboning in plain, reinforced, and post-tensioned concrete structures. The paper presents a possible rehabilitation plan based on the potential results obtained by these non-destructive methods.

MATEC Web of Conferences, open access proceedings in Materials science, Engineering and Chemistry

Cement-based composites belong among the basic building materials used in civil engineering. Their properties are given not only by their composition but also by their behaviour after mixing, as well as by the methods of curing. Monitoring the processes and phenomena during the early stages of setting is vital for determining the resulting properties and durability. The acoustic emission method is a unique non-destructive method that can detect structural changes as a cement-based composite is setting. It can also detect the onset and growth of cracks during the service life of a cement-based composite since the moment it has been mixed. The paper discusses the use of the acoustic emission method with a focus on the early stage of the lifespan of a cement-based composite including the measures necessary for its use and description of the parameters of acoustic emission signals.