Changbin Jiang

In the realm of multichannel digital retailing, free shipping has gained popularity as a promotion strategy. However, few studies have investigated how retailers make decisions regarding free shipping. Furthermore, concerns have arisen regarding the sustainability of free shipping promotions for manufacturers. This research employs a simultaneous equation model with fixed effects to explore the determinants of market structure concerning the proportion of retailers offering free shipping and its impact on manufacturers’ product sales. As per our current knowledge, this research is pioneering in establishing a causal relationship between the percentage of free-shipping retailers and manufacturers’ product sales. Specifically, an increase in the percentage of retailers employing free shipping leads to higher product sales, while lower product sales drive increased retailers to adopt free shipping. Our findings indicate that competition among products has a significant positive effect on the percentage of retailers offering free shipping in the interactive relationship. Furthermore, increased competition among retailers results in more retailers adopting free shipping strategies. These results affirm the efficacy of free shipping as a promotional approach to increase manufacturers’ product sales, particularly in highly competitive markets.

In the new situation of engineering education certification, this paper analyzes the significance and practical significance of "curriculum ideological and political" integrating into technical courses. In view of the problems such as the absence of ideology, the lack of information means and the lack of ideological and political teaching ability of teachers, the specific implementation path is put forward. We should focus on optimizing the teacher system, teaching system and evaluation system, and actively build a series of typical examples of engineering certification and ideological and political education and form a system.

Network negative public opinion events often have a short-term and profound impact on the stock price of companies listed on the A-share plate, which has attracted the attention of investors and society. Based on this background, this paper analyzes the impact of network negative public opinion events on the stock price of A-share listed and puts forward the coping strategies of listed companies to deal with negative public opinion events. Firstly, this paper summarizes the importance of the research in theory. Secondly, by selecting appropriate sample data for empirical regression analysis, it concludes that when public opinion events occur in listed companies, the nature of public opinion events, the popularity of public opinion, the negative emotional tendency of Internet users, and the scale of enterprises have a significant impact on the company's stock price. (

Purpose: Cyber physical system (CPS) has attracted much attention from industry, government and academia due to its dramatic impact on society, economy and people’s daily lives. Scholars have conducted a number of studies on CPS. However, despite of the dynamic nature of this research area, a systematic and extensive review of recent research on CPS is unavailable. Accordingly, this paper conducts an intensive literature review on CPS and presents an overview of existing research on CPS. The purpose of this paper is to identify the challenges of studying CPS as well as the directions for future studies on CPS. Design/methodology/approach: This paper examines existing literatures about CPS from 2006 to 2018 in Compendex, presenting its definition, architectures, characteristics and applications. Findings: This study finds that CPS is closely integrated, diversified and large-scale network with complex multiple time scales. It requires dynamic reorganization/reconfiguration, mass computing, and closed, automated and control circuits. Currently, CPS has been applied in smart manufacturing, medical systems, smart city and smart libraries. The main challenges in designing CPS are to develop, to modify, to integrate abstractions and to set predictable timing of openness and physical interconnection of physical devices. Furthermore, security is a key issue in CPS. Originality/value: This study adds knowledge to the existing literature of CPS by answering what the current level of development on CPS is and what the potential future research directions of CPS are.