Heloise Fernandes Agreli

The health organizations of today are highly complex and specialized. Given this scenario, there is a need for health professionals to work collaboratively within interprofessional work teams to ensure quality and safe care. To strengthen interprofessional teamwork, it is imperative that health organizations enhance strategic human resources management by promoting team member satisfaction. To analyze the satisfaction of members in interprofessional teams and to explore interpersonal relationships, leadership, and team climate in a hospital context. This study is an explanatory sequential mixed methods (quantitative/qualitative) study of 53 teams (409 professionals) at a university hospital in Santiago, Chile. The first phase involved quantitative surveys with team members examining team satisfaction, transformational leadership, and team climate. Social network analysis was used to identify interactions among team members (cohesion and centrality). The second phase involved interviews with 15 professionals belonging to teams with the highest and lowest team satisfaction scores. Findings of both phases were integrated. Significant associations were found among variables, and the linear regression model showed that team climate (β = 0.26) was a better predictor of team satisfaction than team leadership (β = 0.17). Registered nurse was perceived as the profession with the highest score on the transformational leadership measure (mean = 64), followed by the physician (mean = 33). Team networks with the highest and lowest score of team satisfaction showed differences in cohesion and centrality measures. Analysis of interviews identified five themes: attributes of interprofessional work; collaboration, communication, and social interaction; interprofessional team innovation; shared leadership; and interpersonal relationship interface work/social. Integration of findings revealed that team member satisfaction requires participation and communication, common goals and commitment for patient-centered care, clear roles and objectives to support collaborative work, and the presence of a transformational leader to strengthen well-being, dialog, and innovation. Results have the potential to contribute to the planning and decision-making in the field of human resources, providing elements to promote the management of health teams and support team member satisfaction. In turn, this could lead to job permanence especially where the local health needs are more urgent.

RESUMO Prática colaborativa e trabalho em equipe podem contribuir para melhorar o acesso universal e a qualidade da atenção à saúde. Entretanto, a operacionalização do trabalho interprofissional se constitui como um desafio atual. Acrescenta-se a esse desafio a imprecisão conceitual no estudo da temática, em que termos como colaboração e trabalho em equipe são frequentemente utilizados como sinônimos. O presente artigo visa apresentar os conceitos atuais de trabalho interprofissional, problematizando-os no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Concluímos que trabalho em equipe e prática colaborativa na Atenção Primária à Saúde precisam ser abordados de forma contingencial, ou seja, segundo características dos usuários/população adscrita, segundo contexto e condições de trabalho. Assinalamos que a colaboração envolve profissionais que querem trabalhar juntos para prover melhor atenção à saúde e pode se dar como colaboração na equipe e colaboração em rede intersetorial e com a comunidade.