Ouchen Wang

[This corrects the article on p. 1453 in vol. 11, PMID: 31938243.].

Background: Thyroid cancer (TC), the most common endocrine malignant tumor, is increasingly causing a huge threat to our health nowadays. Methods: To explore the tumorigenesis mechanism of thyroid cancer, we identified that long intergenic non-coding RNA-00891 (LINC00891) was upregulated in TC using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and local databases. LINC00891 expression was correlated with histological type and lymph node metastasis (LNM). The high expression of LINC00891 could serve as a diagnostic marker for TC and its LNM. in vitro experiments demonstrated that LINC00891 knockdown could inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion and prompt apoptosis and G1 arrest of TC cells. We also investigated the related mechanisms of LINC00891 promoting TC progression using RNA sequencing, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, and Western blotting. Results: Our experiments demonstrated that LINC00891 promoted TC progression via the EZH2-SMAD2/3 signaling axis. In addition, overexpression of EZH2 could reverse the suppressive epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) caused by LINC00891 knockdown. Conclusion: In conclusion, the LINC00891/EZH2/SMAD2/3 regulatory axis participated in tumorigenesis and metastasis of thyroid cancer, which may provide a novel target for treatment.

Background: Evidence on the effectiveness of ErbB inhibitor interventions for women with triple-positive breast cancer (TPBC) is scarce. Exposure to hormone receptors was reported to eclipse targeted intervention effectiveness. Here, we aimed to explore the optimum targeted regimen for TPBC. Methods: We conducted a thorough search of the literature focusing on neoadjuvant targeted therapy with both hormone receptor-positive and HER2 (ErbB2)-positive patients and performed a network meta-analysis comparing the regimens using a random-effects model. The rate of pathological complete response (pCR) (ypT0/is) was the primary outcome. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the association among twelve regimens. Results: Thirteen studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included. Significantly more TPBC patients receiving ado-trastuzumab emtansine plus lapatinib experienced pCR events than other patients. In the high-performance ranking of the twelve sine (TDM-1), trastuzumab plus carboplatin, taxanes and pertuzumab (TCHP), trastuzumab plus docetaxel and lapatinib (THL), trastuzumab, taxanes and pertuzumab (THP), ado-trastuzumab emtansine plus pertuzumab (TDM1+P), trastuzumab plus taxanes (TH), trastuzumab plus taxanes and neratinib, taxanes plus pertuzumab (HP), taxanes and neratinib (HN), trastuzumab plus lapatinib (TL), trastuzumab plus pertuzumab (TP) in sequence. Conclusion: Double-targeted therapy in chemotherapy-based regimens was associated with better pCR than single-targeted therapy, and TDM-1+L stood out. For either single-targeted or double-targeted therapies, regimens free of chemotherapy were always worse than those with targeted therapy. Our data support guidelines that recommend combinations of chemotherapies plus targeted therapies in the neoadjuvant setting for early TPBC.

Background: It is necessary to identify patients at risk of developing lymph node metastasis prior to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) surgery. This can be challenging due to limiting factors, and an artificial intelligence algorithm may be a viable option. Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether combining an artificial intelligence algorithm (support vector machine and probabilistic neural network) and clinico-pathologic data can preoperatively predict lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods: We retrospectively examined 251 PTCs with lymph node metastasis and 194 PTCs without lymph node metastasis. The artificial intelligence algorithm included the support vector machine (SVM) and the probabilistic neural network (PNN). Results: The ACR TI-RADS (Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System), number of tumours, no well-defined margin, lymph node status and rim calcification on ultrasonography (US), age, sex, tumour size, and presence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis were significantly more frequent among PTCs with central lymph node metastasis than those without metastasis (P<0.05). The PNN classifier revealed an F1 score of 0.88 on the central lymph node metastasis test set. The SVM classifier revealed an F1 score of 0.93 on the lateral lymph node metastasis test set. Our study demonstrates that combining artificial intelligence algorithms and clinico-pathologic data can effectively predict the lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma prior to surgery.

Background: Thyroid malignancy is the most frequent endocrine malignant tumor whose incidence is still increasing. Mechanisms genomic variations play a major part in the pathogenesis of many types of malignancy. Synaptotagmin 12 (SYT12) is a member gene of the synaptotagmins family and SYT12's variants were shown to be associated with some malignancies. Nevertheless, SYT12's specific function and probable clinical value in papillary cancer were still unknown.

Background: The morbidity of thyroid cancer is gradually increasing, meanwhile, the average age of the morbidity population also becomes younger. Mechanisms genomic variations serve an important function for the pathogenesis of many cancer types. Pleckstrin and sec7 domain-containing 3 (PSD3), also known as EFA6R, was shown to be associated with some cancers such as acute myeloid leukemia, breast cancer metastasis, and astrocytoma. But it was unknown that whether PSD3 took effect and how did it work in thyroid cancer.

Thyroid cancer (TC) has become one of most common endocrine malignancies in recent decades. Due to gene background polymorphism, it's outcome goes quite differently in each patient. For exploring the mechanism, we performed whole transcriptome sequencing of paired papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and adjacent thyroid tissues. As a result, scavenger receptor class A member 5 (SCARA5) might be a crucial anti‐oncogene associated with PTC. By RT‐qPCR, we first detected the expression of SCARA5 in PTC tissue and three type of TC cell lines. Besides, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data were gathered to analysis the relationship between SCARA5 and clinical feature. A series of loss‐function experiments in TC cell lines (KTC‐1 and BCPAP) to investigate the function of SCARA5 in PTC. The results showed that SCARA5 expression in PTC was lower than adjacent normal tissue. And, it's consistent with the TCGA database. After analyse the correlation between SCARA5 expression and clinicopathological features in TCGA database, we discovered that downregulated SCARA5 is significantly connected age (P = .04) and tumour size (P = .032). Knockdown of SCARA5 in TC cell line could significantly increase the function of cells proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, we also proved that SCARA5 could modulate the expression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition‐related proteins, which influence invasion and migration. To best of our knowledge, SCARA5 is a suppressor gene which was associated with PTC and might be a potential therapeutic target in the future.Significance of the study: Thyroid cancer (TC) has become one of most common endocrine malignancies in recent decades. By whole transcriptome sequencing of paired papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and adjacent thyroid tissues, author discovered that scavenger receptor class A member 5 (SCARA5) might be crucial anti‐oncogene associated with PTC. Furthermore, knocking‐down of SCARA5 in TC cell line can increase the function of cells proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. Author also proved that SCARA5 could modulate the expression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition‐related proteins.

Background: Although the prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is good, its widespread prevalence still degrades the quality of life of tens of thousands of patients. PTC can even be life-threatening as a result of its aggressiveness and metastasis. Methods: Using complete transcriptome sequence analysis, cutting-edge research has revealed many tumor-associated genes. These related genes help us better understand the tumorigenesis and progression of PTC. We discovered that retrotransposon Gag like 4 (RTL4) is a novel potential PTC-associated gene. By Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we observed an obvious upregulation of RTL4 in PTC tissue. And, we validated the expression characteristics of RTL4 using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Furthermore, we down-regulated RTL4 expression levels in relevant cell lines and studied the biological function of the RTL4 line in PTC by cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion assays. Results: In the present study, high expression of RTL4 suggested lymph node metastasis (P = 0.028) and was associated with the pathological type (P = 0.001). RTL4 had the validity of distinguishing PTC tissues and normal tissues showed an AUC of 87.53% for the TCGA data set. The downregulation of RTL4 in the PTC cell lines distinctly inhibited cell colony formation, proliferation, migration, and invasion. Conclusions: The result revealed RTL4 is closely related to the occurrence and development of PTC. RTL4 may participate in the HOTAIR-miR-206-ZCCHC16 ceRNA regulatory network and be regulated and play a role in the ceRNA regulatory network. It may be used as a target or indicator for the treatment and prognosis of PTC.

Background: Proverbially, the incidence rate of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has increased year by year. Many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been discovered having a relationship with tumor genesis tightly recently. Thanks to the previous researches, we found long intergenic noncoding RNA 00511 (LINC00511) is overexpressed and acts as an oncogene in non-small-cell lung cancer and breast cancer. However, the biological role and function of LINC00511 are still unclear in PTC.

The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased in recent decades. The potential molecular mechanisms of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) are still to be uncovered. In recent years, a number of studies reported that LRRC super family members are up‐regulated in cancer cells. Cancer cells can experience a feature change from an epithelial to a mesenchymal phenotype, which is called epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) during cancer progression. We found that LRRC52‐AS1 is highly expressed in PTC cell lines rather than normal tissues and this observation was consistent with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. In a word, LRRC52‐AS1 is associated with clinical progression in papillary thyroid cancer. In vitro experiments showed that knocking down LRRC52‐AS1 significantly decreased the migration and invasion of the PTC cell lines (BCPAP and TPC). Meanwhile, LRRC52‐AS1 may influence the progress of papillary thyroid cancer via mesenchymal markers N‐cadherin, vimentin and TAZ. The LRRC52‐AS1 gene is up‐regulated in papillary thyroid cancer, and knockdown of LRRC52‐AS1 could restrain cellular migration, and invasion in vitro. This study indicated that LRRC52‐AS1 is a gene associated with PTC and might become a potential therapeutic target in PTC.