Ainize Sarrionandia

Background: Although digital interventions show potential for reducing suicidal ideation and behavior, the evidence base is mixed and characterized by methodological variability. This study synthesizes randomized clinical trials that have evaluated their effectiveness. Method: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Seventeen studies (N = 5.089) met the inclusion criteria. Effect sizes were estimated using random-effects models, and we conducted analyses for type of control group (traditional vs. active), moderators (age, delivery setting, and intervention format), and follow-up. Heterogeneity and publication bias were also examined. Results: Digital interventions significantly reduced suicidal ideation (g = -0.61), with effects maintained at follow up (g = -0.77). Significant effects were observed with respect to both traditional and active controls. There was a moderate reduction in relative risk of suicide attempts, although it was not statistically significant. Moderator analysis indicated a greater effect for clinical populations, self-guided interventions, and younger participants. There was no robust evidence of publication bias. Conclusions: Digital interventions may represent a promising complementary approach for reducing suicidal ideation and potentially lowering suicide risk. However, the findings should be interpreted cautiously given the heterogeneity of the studies and the limited evidence regarding suicide attempts.

Purpose: Exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) can seriously harm children’s health and development. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Leaving a Mark animal-assisted treatment program in ameliorating the clinical symptoms of children exposed to IPV. Methods: The sample comprised 95 children ( M _age = 10.32 years, SD = 2.56; 55.9% boys), all of whom were residing in Spain and had been exposed to IPV in the home. Participants were distributed across two groups: an experimental group ( n = 51) that received the Leaving a Mark program integrated with treatment as usual, and a control group ( n = 44) that only received treatment as usual. Results: Both groups showed significant improvement over time, with reductions in internalizing and externalizing symptoms, as well as in traumatic stress and dysregulation profiles. Although there were no statistically significant differences between the groups at post-test, the experimental group did display a more pronounced reduction in externalizing symptoms at 6-month follow up. Also in the experimental group, ratings of the therapeutic alliance showed an early and sustained improvement during treatment, coupled with a progressive decrease in intrapersonal distress. Conclusion: These findings suggest that integrating animal-assisted components within trauma-focused treatments may support therapeutic engagement and emotional regulation in children exposed to IPV. The Leaving a Mark program represents a promising adjunctive approach for promoting behavioral and emotional well-being in this population.

En la mejora de la calidad de la docencia dirigida al alumnado con alta capacidad intelectual (ACI) es importante conocer cómo aborda éste el aprendizaje. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar qué tipo de enfoque emplea el alumnado con ACI de Educación Primaria y Secundaria para abordar su proceso de aprendizaje. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 25 personas, con una edad comprendida entre los 10-13 años, pertenecientes a la provincia de Gipuzkoa. Se aplicó el cuestionario R-SPQ-2F y se preguntó de forma abierta sobre la importancia y la utilidad de los contenidos de las asignaturas, y sobre los logros y el esfuerzo realizados. Los resultados muestran que una mayoría (76-80%) tiene una motivación, estrategia y abordaje profundos, que se relacionan con la importancia que se da a los contenidos y metodologías aplicadas en las asignaturas. En conclusión, la mayoría de las y los participantes emplea una perspectiva de autodeterminación (motivación) y procesos metacognitivos (estrategias) profundos.

The media entertainment we consume significantly affects our behavior, our relationships, and our identity. Thus, this study focuses on some of the main problems of society today and analyzes how these variables are represented on Netflix. Specifically, this study analyzes how content related to mental health, violence, suicide, self-harm, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) appears in the ten most-watched movies and ten most-watched series on Netflix. To this end, a conceptual analysis method based on a 5-min interval coding is used. Results posit that violence is shown in 38.7% of the movie sections and 37.3% of the series. Suicide and self-harm appear, respectively, in 0.9% and 0% of the movies and 1.3 and 0.2% of the series. Regarding mental health, 0.5% of the analyzed individuals had a mental health diagnosis. Finally, none of the 220 main characters analyzed stated that they had HIV. Among the conclusions, the need to regulate violence in the media or to mitigate the impact it generates should be highlighted. Likewise, mental health, suicide, self-harm, and HIV have been observed not to have a realistic representation in fiction, which generates stigmatization.

Introducción: Este estudio analiza la forma en la que aparecen contenidos relacionados con el alcohol, el tabaco, la comida basura y el deporte en las 10 películas y las 10 series más vistas de Netflix. Metodología: Para realizar el estudio se utiliza un método de análisis conceptual basado en la codificación de intervalos de 5 minutos. Resultados: Los resultados señalan que el alcohol se muestra en el 32,7 % de las secciones de las películas y en el 29,8 % de las series. El tabaco aparece en el 13,2 % de los intervalos de las películas y en el 14,5 % de las series. La comida basura tiene una presencia del 24,3 % en las películas y del 24,9 % en las series. En cuanto al deporte, el 7,8 % de las secciones de las películas y el 8,5 % de las series mostraron este contenido. Discusión: Entre las conclusiones destaca la necesidad de transformar el imaginario colectivo en lo referente a productos gravemente nocivos para la salud. Al mismo tiempo, se promueve el uso de los medios para impulsar hábitos de vida saludables entre los consumidores.

Objectives: To examine the mediation role of self-care between stress and psychological well-being in the general population of four countries and to assess the impact of sociodemographic variables on this relationship. Design: Cross-sectional, online survey. Participants: A stratified sample of confined general population (N=1082) from four Ibero-American countries—Chile (n=261), Colombia (n=268), Ecuador (n=282) and Spain (n=271)—balanced by age and gender. Primary outcomes measures: Sociodemographic information (age, gender, country, education and income level), information related to COVID-19 lockdown (number of days in quarantine, number of people with whom the individuals live, absence/presence of adults and minors in charge and attitude towards the search of information related to COVID-19), Perceived Stress Scale-10, Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale-29 and Self-Care Activities Screening Scale-14. Results: Self-care partially mediates the relationship between stress and well-being during COVID-19 confinement in the general population in the total sample ( F (3,1078)=370.01, p2 =0.507) and in each country. On the other hand, among the evaluated sociodemographic variables, only age affects this relationship. Conclusion: The results have broad implications for public health, highlighting the importance of promoting people’s active role in their own care and health behaviour to improve psychological well-being if stress management and social determinants of health are jointly addressed first. The present study provides the first transnational evidence from the earlier stages of the COVID-19 lockdown, showing that the higher perception of stress, the less self-care activities are adopted, and in turn the lower the beneficial effects on well-being.

Secondary prisonization refers to the impact of the incarceration of a relative on the members of their family. This study aimed to analyze the psychological effects of secondary prisonization on older parents. Specifically, levels of depression, anxiety, stress, and well-being (emotional, psychological, and social) were analyzed by means of quantitative and automatic speech analysis methods in a sample of over 65-year-old parents of Basque prisoners incarcerated in remote prisons. The statistical analysis of data and the automatic spontaneous speech analysis showed that secondary prisonization has a negative impact on older parents’ levels of depression, anxiety, stress, and well-being. These results lead us to conclude that remote imprisonment of adult children has negative psychological effects on older parents.

The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to analyze the differential impact of the first COVID-19 lockdown (3 April 2020) on stress, health practices, and self-care activities across different Hispanic countries, age range, and gender groups. One thousand and eighty-two participants from Spain, Chile, Colombia, and Ecuador took part in this study. Irrespective of the country, and controlling for income level, young people, especially females, suffered a greater level of stress, perceived the situation as more severe, showed less adherence to health guidelines, and reported lower levels of health consciousness, in comparison to their male peers and older groups. However, in the case of self-care, it seems that older and female groups are generally more involved in self-care activities and adopt more healthy daily routines. These results are mostly similar between Colombia, Ecuador, and Spain. However, Chile showed some different tendencies, as males reported higher levels of healthy daily routines and better adherence to health guidelines compared to females and people over the age of 60. Differences between countries, genders, and age ranges should be considered in order to improve health recommendations and adherence to guidelines. Moreover, developing community action and intersectoral strategies with a gender-based approach could help to reduce health inequalities and increase the success of people’s adherence to health guidelines and self-care-promoting interventions. Future studies should be addressed to explore the possible causations of such differences in more cultural-distant samples and at later stages of the current outbreak.

The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to analyze the differential impact of the first COVID-19 lockdown (3rd April 2020) on stress, health practices, and self-care activities across different Hispanic countries, age range and gender groups. 1082 participants from Spain, Chile, Colombia, and Ecuador took part in this study. Irrespective of the country, and controlling for income level, young people, especially females, suffered a greater level of stress, perceived the situation as more severe, showed less adherence to health guidelines and reported lower levels of health consciousness, in comparison to their male peers and older groups. However, in the case of self-care, it seems that older and female groups are generally more involved in self-care activities and adopt more healthy daily routines. These results are mostly similar between Colombia, Ecuador, and Spain. However, Chile showed some different tendencies, as males reported higher levels of healthy daily routines and better adherence to health guidelines compared to females and people over the age of 60. Differences between countries, genders and age ranges should be considered in order to improve health recommendations and adherence to guidelines. It would also be crucial to identify vulnerable groups to promote the adoption of health behaviors that may help in the development of effective public health strategies. Future studies should be addressed to explore the possible causations of such differences in more cultural-distant samples and at later stages of the current outbreak.